scholarly journals Independent Effects of Metabolic Syndrome and Air Pollution (PM2.5) on Atherosclerosis in Modernizing China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo KS ◽  
◽  
Timothy KCY ◽  
Chook P ◽  
Hu YJ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Imt ◽  
The Impact

Background: Air Pollution (AP) and metabolic syndrome (MS) are important global health hazards of the 21st century, in mainland China in particular, and AP has been associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, and stroke. Methods: To evaluate the impact of metabolic syndrome on AP-related atherogenesis, 1557 Han Chinese adults (mean age 47.2±11.8 years, male 47%) in Hong Kong, Macau, Pun Yu, Yu County (Shanxi coalmine) and 3-Gorges (Yangtze River) were studied. Cardiovascular risk profiles and metabolic syndrome (IDF criteria) were evaluated. PM2.5 (satellite sensor modeling), and atherosclerotic surrogates, brachial reactivity (FMD) and carotid Intima-media thickness (IMT) (ultrasound), were measured. Results: The yearly PM2.5 concentration ranged from 34.0μg/m³ in Hong Kong to 93.8μg/m³ in 3-Gorges Territories. MS was diagnosed in 340 subjects (21.8%). Smoking status, gender and PM2.5 were similar in the MS cohort versus those without MS. Blood pressures (SBP and DBP), waist circumference, triglycerides and glucose were higher, but high-density lipidcholesterol was lower in the MS cohort, compared to the other subjects. Brachial FMD was significantly lower and carotid IMT significantly higher (0.70±0.13 mm, 95% CI 0.68-0.71 mm vs. 0.63mm±0.14mm, 95% CI 0.62-0.64 mm) in the MS cohort than those without (P<0.0001). On multivariate regression, PM2.5 was not related to MS development, but was significantly related to carotid IMT in both no MS (beta=0.234, P<0.0001) and MS cohorts (beta=0.245, p<0.0001), independent of age, SBP, and waist circumference. There was no direct interaction between PM2.5 and MS. Conclusions: Both AP and MS have independent impacts on atherogenic processes in China, with significant implications for atherosclerosis prevention.

The impact of particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) on atherosclerosis in modernizing China: a report from the CATHAY study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K S Woo ◽  
P Chook ◽  
Y J Hu ◽  
X Q Lao ◽  
C Q Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
P Value ◽  
Carotid Imt ◽  
Pm2.5 Exposure ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Air pollution has been associated with an increase in cardiovascular diseases incidence. To evaluate whether air pollution can accelerate atherogenic processes, we assessed the effects of air pollution on important surrogate markers of atherosclerosis [brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT)]. Methods A total of 1656 Han Chinese (mean age 46.0 + 11.2 years; male 47%) in Hong Kong, Macau, Pun Yu, Yu County and the 3-Gorges Territories (Yangtze River) were studied between 1996 and 2007 [Chinese Atherosclerosis in the Aged and Young Project (the CATHAY Study)]. Cardiovascular risk profiles were evaluated. Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter &lt;2.5 µm (PM2.5) parameters were computed from satellite sensors. Brachial FMD and carotid IMT were measured by ultrasound. Results Health parameters [age, gender, body mass index, waist : hip ratio (WHR) and glucose)] were similar in lowest and highest PM2.5 exposure tertiles, systolic and diastolic blood pressures and triglycerides were higher (P &lt; 0.001) and low-density cholesterol (LDL-C) was lower in the top PM2.5 tertile (P &lt; 0.001). Brachial FMD [7.84 ± 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.59–8.10%, vs 8.50 ± 2.52, 95% CI 8.23–8.77%, P &lt; 0.0001) was significantly lower and carotid IMT (0.68 ± 0.13 mm, 95% CI 0.67–0.69 mm vs 0.63 mm ± 0.15 mm 95% CI 0.62–0.64 mm; P &lt; 0.0001) was significantly thicker in the top PM2.5 tertile compared with the lowest tertile. On multiple regression, FMD was inversely related to PM2.5 (beta = 0.134, P = 0.015) independent of gender, age and blood pressure (model R2 = 0.156, F-value = 7.6, P &lt; 0.0001). Carotid IMT was significantly correlated with PM2.5 exposure (beta = 0.381, P &lt; 0.0001) independent of age, location, gender, WHR, blood pressure and LDL-C (model R2 = 0.408, F-value = 51.4, P-value &lt;0.0001). Conclusions Air pollution is strongly associated with markers of early atherosclerosis, suggesting a potential target for preventive intervention.

scholarly journals The optimal WC cut-off points for the prediction of subclinical CVD as measured by carotid intima-media thickness among African adults: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Ringane ◽  
S. S. R. Choma
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Subclinical Cvd

Abstract Background Increased waist circumference (WC) is one of the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors used to predict cardiovascular events. Waist circumference cut-off values for predicting metabolic syndrome and other cardiovascular risks have been previously studied. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is one of the cardiovascular risk factor recently described and reported to be suitable as it is a direct measurement of vascular quality. Hence the aim of the present study was to determine the optimal WC cut-off point for the prediction of subclinical CVD. Methods The study was a cross-sectional study using quantitative methods, conducted among 1318 adults aged between 40 and 60 years old, residing in a rural Black population in Limpopo province. Carotid Intima-Media Thickness measurements were performed using a LOGIQ ultrasound system (GE Healthcare, CT, USA). Waist Circumference (WC) (cm) was measured to the nearest 0.1 cm. Bivariate correlation, logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic were analysed using the statistical package for social sciences version 26.0 software. Results Among the total population, 69% were women and 31% men with a mean age of 53 ± 7 years. Among women, WC at a cut-off value of 95 cm gave the highest sensitivity of 57%, the specificity of 55% and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.588. In men, an optimum WC cut-off point of 82 cm yielded the highest sensitivity and specificity at 72% and 70% respectively, with an AUC of 0.767 p < 0.001. Conclusion The traditional waist circumference cut-off points (94 cm for women and 80 cm for men) that are currently used for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome might not be suitable in the prediction of an increased CIMT.

scholarly journals The impact of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and high sensitivity C-reactivity protein on carotid intima-media thickness in metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2347
Author(s):  
Sangeeta M. Gawali ◽  
Mahesh S. Karandikar
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
The Impact

Background: Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events and associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The CIMT has been widely used as one of the parameters of atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and high sensitivity C-reactive protein on carotid intima-media thickness in metabolic syndrome patients of Western Maharashtra as very sparse data is available.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study of 400 adults (200 cases and 200 control), 18-50 years of age, both the sexes randomly selected from diabetes and obesity OPD at tertiary care hospital. Diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was done according to modified NCEP adult treatment panel III criteria. CIMT was measured by B mode ultrasound (Philips HT-11, Color Doppler), hs-CRP by ELISA method (Cal biotech). Insulin resistance by HOMA-IR (Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance). The predictors of CIMT with various variables were studied by multiple linear regression analysis.Results: We found significant increase in CIMT (0.7895±0.110, p<0.001) in MetS and a positive correlation of CIMT with age, waist to hip ratio, triglyceride levels and systolic blood pressure (p<0.001).Conclusions: Increased carotid intima-media thickness in metabolic syndrome may increase the risk of having a stroke and cardiovascular mortality. It was considered an early deterioration in the arterial intima and is a preclinical stage of atherosclerosis. Early diagnosis and prevention may help to reduce the risk of stroke and cardiovascular mortality. 

scholarly journals Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Hypertension, and Their Additive Effects on Atherosclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Francesco Damiani ◽  
Annapaola Zito ◽  
Pierluigi Carratù ◽  
Vito Antonio Falcone ◽  
Elioda Bega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Carotid Imt ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
The Impact

Background and Aims. It is widely accepted that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is independently associated with atherosclerosis. Similar to OSA, hypertension (HTN) is a condition associated with atherosclerosis. However, to date, the impact of the simultaneous presence of OSA and HTN on the risk of atherosclerosis has not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the consequences of the coexistence of OSA and HTN on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and on inflammatory markers of atherosclerosis (such as interleukin- [IL-] 6 and pentraxin- [PTX-] 3).Methods. The study design allowed us to define 4 groups: (1) controls (n=30); (2) OSA patients without HTN (n=30); (3) HTN patients without OSA (n=30); (4) patients with OSA and HTN (n=30). In the morning after portable monitoring (between 7 am and 8 am), blood samples were collected, and carotid IMT was measured.Results. Carotid IMT, IL-6, and PTX-3 in OSA normotensive patients and in non-OSA HTN subjects were significantly higher compared to control subjects; in addition, in OSA hypertensive patients they were significantly increased compared to OSA normotensive, non-OSA HTN, or control subjects.Conclusions. OSA and HTN have an additive role in the progression of carotid atherosclerosis and in blood levels of inflammatory markers for atherosclerosis, such as interleukin-6 and pentraxin-3.

scholarly journals Relationships between Serum Uric Acid, Malondialdehyde Levels, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in the Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun-Sheng Wu ◽  
Chew-Teng Kor ◽  
Ting-Yu Chen ◽  
Ko-Hung Liu ◽  
Kai-Lun Shih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carotid Imt ◽  
Media Thickness

Oxidative stress is the major cause of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. This cross-sectional study is aimed at determining if parallel serum markers of oxidative stress are related to carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). We enrolled 134 participants with varied metabolic syndrome (Met-S) scores (zero, n=21; one, n=19; two, n=27; three, n=26; four, n=25; five, n=16). Biochemical profiles and potential oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdehyde (MDA) and uric acid were measured in fasting plasma. We found that carotid IMT positively correlated with both MDA and uric acid levels. Multivariate analysis revealed that both MDA (p<0.05) and uric acid (p<0.01) levels were significantly associated with carotid IMT in participants whose Met-S scores were ≥1 or ≥2. However, only uric acid (p<0.01) levels were positively associated with carotid IMT in patients with metabolic syndrome. Linear regression model analysis revealed that the prediction accuracies for carotid IMT from MDA combined with uric acid and from a combination of MDA, uric acid, and Met-S score were 0.176 and 0.237, respectively. These were better than the predication accuracies from MDA (r2=0.075) and uric acid (r2=0.148) individually. These results suggest that measuring uric acid levels along with MDA biomarkers and Met-S scores may be a promising step in the development of an effective model for monitoring the severity of carotid IMT and atherosclerosis in the patients with metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Risk factors for changes in carotid intima media thickness and plaque over 5 years in women with systemic lupus erythematosus

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000548
Author(s):  
Apinya Lertratanakul ◽  
Julia Sun ◽  
Peggy W Wu ◽  
Jungwha Lee ◽  
Alan Dyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Plaque Progression ◽  
Carotid Imt ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
The Mean

ObjectiveTo investigate the occurrence of and risk factors for progression of carotid intima media thickness (IMT) and plaque in women with and without SLE.MethodsA cohort of 149 women with SLE and 126 controls participated in SOLVABLE (Study of Lupus Vascular and Bone Long-term Endpoints). Demographics, cardiovascular and SLE factors, and laboratory assessments were collected at baseline. Carotid IMT and plaque were measured using B-mode ultrasound at baseline and at 5-year follow-up. Regression models were used to identify predictors of progression in carotid IMT and plaque; multivariate models were adjusted for age, hypertension and total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein ratio.ResultsThe mean±SD follow-up time was 5.35±0.60 years in cases and 5.62±0.66 years in controls. The mean IMT change per year was 0.008±0.015 mm in cases and 0.005±0.019 mm in controls (p=0.24). At follow-up, 31.5% of cases and 15% of controls had plaque progression, with a relative risk for plaque progression of 2.09 (95% CI 1.30 to 3.37). In SLE cases, higher fasting glucose and lower fibrinogen were associated with IMT progression after adjustment. Larger waist circumference and non-use of hydroxychloroquine were associated with plaque progression after adjustment.ConclusionPotential modifiable risk factors for carotid IMT and plaque progression in women with SLE were identified, suggesting that monitoring of glucose and waist circumference and use of hydroxychloroquine may be beneficial.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome and carotid intima-media thickness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin Ozgen Alpaydin ◽  
Isin Konyar Arslan ◽  
Selim Serter ◽  
Aysin Sakar Coskun ◽  
Pinar Celik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Carotid Imt ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Serum Crp

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), carotid intima media thickness (IMT), and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the possible relationships among them. Methods: Fifty stable COPD patients and 40 healthy controls were included in the study. The participants were further divided into four groups according to their smoking status. Pulmonary function tests were performed in COPD patients. Anthropometric measurements and blood chemistry analysis, serum CRP levels and carotid intimamedia thickness (IMT) measurements were performed in all the study population. Results: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 43% in COPD patients and 30% in the control group (p = 0.173). FEV1% and FEV1/FVC were higher in COPD patients with MetS (p = 0.001 and p = 0.014, respectively) compared to those without MetS. Prevalence of MetS was significantly different among the COPD patients with different stages (p = 0.017) with the highest value in stage 2 (59%). Carotid IMT was significantly higher in COPD patients than in control group (1.07 ± 0.25 mm and 0.86 ± 0.18 mm, respectively; p < 0.001). Serum CRP levels were not different in COPD patients and controls, however they were higher in individuals with MetS compared to those without MetS regardless of COPD presence (p = 0.02). Conclusions: Early markers of atherogenesis, in terms of carotid IMT, were found to be higher in COPD patients than in healthy controls. MetS prevalence was observed to decrease as the severity of airflow obstruction increased. Therefore, screening COPD patients for these cardiovascular risk factors would be a novel approach even in absence of symptoms.

PP-231 THE IMPACT OF METABOLIC SYNDROME ON CAROTID INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS

2012 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. S178-S179
Author(s):  
M. Aydin ◽  
S. Bulur ◽  
R. Alemdar ◽  
S. Yalcin ◽  
Y. Turker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
The Impact
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