scholarly journals Study of innovation activity dynamics in Russia’s federal districts

2022 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
N. A. Gerasimenko
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
New Production ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Regional Authorities

The dynamics of indicators of innovation activities of Russia’s federal districts over 2005– 2019 has been studied. During this period, there has been an increase in the number of organisations that carried out research activities, and also in the total domestic expenditure on research and development. The number of new production technologies and the volume of innovative products produced has increased, and the payback rate on research and development costs has risen in all regions. The trends of decreasing in the innovation activities of organisations and a significant reduction in the number of personnel employed in the field of research and development have been detected. The share of new products in the total volume of products shipped remains low. This situation requires national and regional authorities to take appropriate regulatory actions. 

scholarly journals Evaluating the Degree of Uncertainty of Research Activities in Industry 4.0

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirio Cividino ◽  
Gianluca Egidi ◽  
Ilaria Zambon ◽  
Andrea Colantoni
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Final Outcome ◽  
Work Plan ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
The Creation

Research and development (R&D) are always oriented towards new discoveries, based on original terms or hypotheses, and their concluding outcomes are often uncertain. The present work focused on the degree of uncertainty for R&D activities. In fact, uncertainty makes it difficult to quantify the time and resources needed to achieve a final outcome, create a work plan and budget, and finalize the resulting “innovative” products or services that could be transferred or exchanged in a specific market. The present work attempts to indicate the degree of uncertainty of the research activities developed by a set of firms. The method used aimed to quantify the five criteria defined by the Manual of Frascati. Through the creation of an uncertainty cloud, a cone of uncertainty was defined following an approach based on project management. The evaluation grid was characterized by the decomposition of the different variables divided into quartiles, which allowed for the detection of the evolution of the project and each of its component. The ancillary objective aim was to also observe the development degree of these industries towards a framework of Industry 4.0.

scholarly journals Innovative Railway Transport Ecosystem: Practices of Leading Companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-258
Author(s):  
M. M. Zheleznov ◽  
O. I. Karasyov ◽  
A. V. Beloshitsky ◽  
E. A. Shitov
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Independent Research ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Railway Company ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Active Interaction

The railway industry is one of the key areas of transport activity for many countries, in particular for the Russian Federation. The innovative development of this industry and of its corporate actors is an important aspect of development of economy and infrastructure of the respective countries. An innovative ecosystem creates an enabling environment necessary for such development. The objective of this article is to analyze the components of the innovation ecosystem: the ways of organizing innovative activities, suggesting their classification into internal and external types of organizations. The study is based on a comparative analysis of the practices of the most competitive world railway companies. The results show that railway companies using tools of both external and internal types are characterized by a high level of competitiveness and technological development. If the external type of organization of innovative activity has a positive effect on reducing costs, and also promotes active interaction with core external companies, then a one-sided orientation to it leads to an increase in dependence on third-party organizations. Carrying out research and development within the framework of own innovative laboratories and R&D centers allows railway companies to significantly reduce this dependence, but leads to a high level of costs, increases the risk of obtaining results that do not correspond to the best world standards. The optimal and effective way to organize the innovation activity of a railway company is to implement a mixed type organization, which includes elements of independent research and development and active interaction with external organizations, companies and experts. This choice is confirmed by the activities of most of the analyzed companies. At the same time, it is important to choose the directions of technological development, within which it is possible and expedient to conduct independent research and development at the present time, as well as those requiring further development of competencies for independent research activities as well as for participating in innovative consortia.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Government Impact on the Development of Innovation Activities

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
M.A. Shubin ◽  
◽  
Y.N. Antokhin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
State Regulation ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Innovation Sector ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The article is devoted to the analysis of state instruments of influence on the internal innovation environment and the identification of statistical patterns in the development of innovative activity in Russia. To identify patterns, official statistical indicators, given on the website of the Federal State Statistics Service, as well as data from foreign research publications were used. The analysis of the four main functions of state influence on innovation activity is carried out and the main methods of state regulation in the area under consideration are identified. An analysis of the dynamic changes in the costs of innovation in Russia, both in current and basic prices, indicates a positive trend in the change in the amount of funds allocated to the country's innovation sector. The article also tests the hypothesis of the relationship between the volume of shipped innovative products in a particular entity and the volume of costs for innovative activities.

scholarly journals WAYS OF INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF INVESTMENT AND INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF BUILDING ORGANIZATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Yuliia Mykytyuk
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Private Capital ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Complex Solution ◽  
Economic Mechanism ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Construction Organizations ◽  
Regional Authorities

The article proposes a new complex solution of tasks for increasing the efficiency of management of investment and innovation activities of construction organizations. The complex system of evaluation of the effectiveness of investment and innovation activity is developed. It allows to define comprehensively the strategic directions of investment and innovation activity of building organizations by selecting and evaluating investment and attractive projects, as well as to evaluate its efficiency, both in general and for each of its the participant. It is concluded that in order to develop the economy of Ivano-Frankivsk oblast there is an increase in investments. It is proposed to stimulate private capital and increase own sources of financing of capital investments through introduction of effective depreciation policy. The economic mechanism of the effectiveness of investment and innovation activity of organizations is developed. It is proposed to establish mechanisms of relations between state and regional authorities regarding the development of investment and innovation activities on the basis of accelerating scientific and technological progress.

ASSESSMENT OF THE SVERDLOVSK REGION INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1576-1588
Author(s):  
E.A. Lyashenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Academic Degree ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Innovative Potential ◽  
Business Entities

The article assesses the innovative potential of the Sverdlovsk region using the following indicators: the number of personnel engaged in research and development and having an academic degree; research and development costs; the use of objects of intellectual property; the number of technologies developed and patents issued; innovative activity of business entities; volume of innovative products; the activity of technopark structures, etc. The analysis was carried out in dynamics using graphic methods. It was revealed that the Sverdlovsk region, being a large industrial region, has a higher innovative potential among other entities of the Ural Federal District, and it belongs to the medium-strong innovative territories of Russia. Nevertheless, some problems were identified: insufficient increase in the remuneration of personnel involved in innovative activities, insufficient increase in the cost of purchasing equipment, which is 6-7 times less than the tax burden on innovative organizations; decrease in the share of economic entities implementing innovations. In the investigated constituent entity of the Russian Federation, a number of normative legal acts have been adopted concerning the development of innovative activity, and strategic planning documents (strategy, concept, state program) have been developed, in which directions for increasing the innovation potential of the region are enshrined, in particular, financial and other support, stimulating demand for innovative products, infrastructure development, including technology parks. As foreign experience shows, in innovation, it is important to coordinate the interests of all factors (government, business, science, education, civil society). Therefore, the article proposes to use more actively the mechanism of the “triple helix”, enshrined at the legislative level. A number of measures are also proposed to increase the innovative potential of the country in general and of the Sverdlovsk region in particular.

scholarly journals INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT OF THE FURNITURE INDUSTRY IN BULGARIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radostina Popova
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Furniture Industry ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Comparability Of Results ◽  
Organizational Innovations ◽  
The Eu

This paper presents an analysis of the innovation performance of furniture enterprises in Bulgaria for two periods – before the economic crisis and after it. It contains general characteristics of the Furniture industry (structure of the enterprises, different type of production, export and import) and the results of the surveys of the innovation activity for two 3 year periods. The results from the studies are of the periods: 2006-2008 (563 enterprises) and 2014-2016 (358 enterprises) and are based on officially used EU definitions and indicators (European Commission, OECD, Oslo Manual), which allows for comparability of results. The used indicators are: introduced product innovations, introduced process innovations, introduced organizational innovations, introduced marketing innovations, revenues and costs of innovation and financing of the innovation activities. The results of the comparative analyses of the innovation activity of the furniture enterprises in Bulgaria for the two periods under review showed an increase in: the innovation expenditures and revenues from innovative products, the process innovations -  additional  activities and the financing of innovation activities by the EU. It also showed a decrease in the number of furniture enterprises, product innovations, process innovations and organizational innovations.

Areas Of Priority Development And Technological Changes In The Russian Economy

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Prigulnyy
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
New Production ◽  
State Action ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Technological Cooperation ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
The Status ◽  
Post Industrial

To confirm the status of the post-industrial power, Russia must ensure faster growth of the economy based on razvivitiya scientific and technological capacity. The author of the opinion, according to which Russia should pursue a strategy that takes into account the possibility of commercialization of scientific and technological achievements of world level. Own results in the field of research and development activities are open, according to the author, the term technological cooperation with foreign companies, including in the area of commercialization of belonging to different parties, but complementary discoveries. To solve the problem of advanced development proposed strategies: leadership, catch-up, ahead of commercialization. According to the author, the greatest realism is different anticipatory strategy for commercialization of scientific and technical developments. This strategy can be implemented on the basis of public-private partnerships with innovative companies, mastering the "breakthrough" technology with state support. This will reduce the risk of private investment in the new production, increase the participation of private capital in the development of research and development, strengthen the links between science and industry, state action to shift towards support for projects involving the leadership of the domestic manufacturer of innovative products.

scholarly journals Scientific and innovative activity management in higher education system of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Nataliia Iglina ◽  
Nadezhda Vasilenkova ◽  
Tatiana Luneva ◽  
Elena Aleksandrovna Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Activity Management ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Innovation Cycle ◽  
Low Efficiency

The issue of efficiency of scientific and innovative activity in the conditions of Russia's transition to the knowledge economy is a priority for the state, businesses, scientific and educational organizations. Higher education institutions can become promising platforms for creating innovative products and technologies, as they have all the necessary components: long-standing academic schools; rich, sometimes unique, material and technical database; as well as teams of creative researchers from the scientific and pedagogical staff, talented graduates and postgraduates. According to the results of monitoring the efficiency of innovative activity of leading universities of Russia, as well as to the analysis of the main indicators of research activities of universities of the Southern Federal District, there have been revealed the following factors and conditions leading to the low efficiency of scientific and innovative activity of higher educational institutions: a broken innovation cycle; shortage of specialists in the field of marketing and management of in-novation projects and lack of competence of scientific-pedagogical workers in the field of commercialization of innovative products; inconsistency of research plans of departments, etc. There has been justified the application of a project approach to the management of scientific and innovative activities, using a matrix organizational structure, including functional links for the organization, management, control and marketing of innovative projects. The problem of increasing the scientific and innovation activity management has been solved using the algorithm of rational distribution and concentration of resources for developing priority projects based on state and regional programs for socio-economic and innovative development. A detailed study of the priority directions for scientific and innovative activities, marketing and feasibility analysis, organizational, technical, financial and legal support of the project, research and development and founding of small innovative companies (or alienation of rights to intellectual property) will help to form a rational innovation cycle from a scientific idea to its commercialization

Examining the interaction between university knowledge and firms’ innovation objectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Nishikawa ◽  
Daisuke Kanama
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Product Innovation ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Moderate Number ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Apply Research ◽  
Probability Of Success ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Successful Innovation ◽  
The Relationship

To deal with uncertainties, firms have adopted a ‘parallel path’ strategy in which they apply research and development outcomes to a variety of objectives in innovation activities. Considering another factor of successful innovation, searching for ideas from wider technological domains can increase the probability of success. However, the number of possible combinations of a wider variety of knowledge sources and a greater number of objectives within innovation activity expands dramatically. This article focuses on the interaction between the utilization of university knowledge and objective diversification and analyses the relationship between that interaction and the technological outcome. The results show that the effect of interaction between the utilization of university-generated knowledge in innovation activities and the diversification of objectives has an inverse U-shaped relationship in product innovation, and the utilization of university knowledge leads to a better outcome when the firm has a moderate number of objectives, rather than few or many.

scholarly journals Improvement of the Mechanism for Funding Innovation Activities in a Region in the Context of Sustainable Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 666-694
Author(s):  
Nadezhda N. Semenova ◽  
Victor I. Chugunov ◽  
Regina A. Kolomasova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. In order to ensure sustainable development of modern society, a transition to an innovative model of economic development is necessary. This requires an annual increase in investment in the sphere of innovation, as well as significant expenditures on fundamental and applied research and development of new technologies. This necessitates the creation of an effective mechanism of financial support for innovative activities based on public and private funding. The aim of this study is to analyze the existing mechanism for funding innovation activities in the Republic of Mordovia and to put forward suggestions on how to improve it. Materials and Methods. The authors analyzed statistical data from the Ministry of Industry, Science and New Technologies of the Republic of Mordovia and from the territorial office of the Federal State Statistics Service in the Republic of Mordovia that characterize the dynamics and intensity of innovation processes in the region and the system of funding them. The correlation and regression analysis, as well as the trend method were used to construct an econometric model making it possible to determine the impact of the level of innovation costs on the dynamics of change in the gross regional product. Results. The current state of the innovation infrastructure as well as that of the innovation activities in the Republic of Mordovia has been assessed. The sources of financial support for the innovation process in a region have been identified. In order to find new sources of funding innovations, it has been proposed to use an innovation voucher that would stimulate commercialization of intellectual activities in small and medium-sized enterprises. A mechanism has been developed for regional authorities to subsidize promising projects through public-private partnerships, with a view to minimizing nonsystematic risks. Discussion and Conclusion. The recommendations on the search for new instruments to attract financial resources for innovation and to stimulate demand for innovation have been developed and will help Mordovia to increase its innovation activity. The results of this research may be used by regional authorities to develop regional programs for scientific and innovative development.

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