scholarly journals Faunistic analysis of parasites from marine herrings in the northern Caspian Sea

2018 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
E. A. Voronina ◽  
V. V. Volodina ◽  
A. V. Konkova
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Temporal Fluctuations ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Intestinal Trematodes

Qualitative and quantitative composition of parasites from herring (Dolgino population), caspian shad, and big-eyed shad is analyzed on the data of long-term samplings, using traditional methods and determinants for identifcation. The community of parasites has temporal fluctuations associated with changes of habitat conditions, including feeding base for hosts, and depended on biological features of both parasites and their hosts. The basis of the herring parasitofauna is composed by specifc and euryxene species. Monogeneans and intestinal trematodes has a stable high degree of infection. Helminths dangerous for human and epizootically signifcant parasites are recorded sporadically. Hyphae of microscopic fungi are found on the smears-prints of parenchymal organs of herrings with domination of gen. Penicillium. All detected parasites do not cause signifcant clinical deseases in organisms of the investigated species.

scholarly journals Biological features of  high altitude rare medicinal plant species Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. in Western Siberia cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Nadezhda S. Zinner ◽  
Anna N. Nekratova ◽  
Anastasia V. Shchukina ◽  
Alina L. Kovaleva
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Alpine Plant ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Hedysarum Theinum ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Range Of Variation

The paper summarizes the results of a long-term introduction study of a rare alpine plant Hedysarum theinum Krasnob., which is widely used in medicine. We found that the species demonstrates sufficiently high seed productivity with adequate agrotechnical care under introduction conditions. Nevertheless, there were cases of a single lack of fruiting, which cannot be considered a reaction to different ecological conditions since these phenomena can also be observed in natural habitats; most likely, this is a feature of the reproductive biology of the species. The phenological characteristics, seed productivity, and seed germination of the species are given, and the range of variation in signs of the vegetative and generative spheres is established. The introduction assessment indicates high plasticity and a high degree of the species adaptation.

scholarly journals THE ECOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FEATURES AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION OF INFUSORIA FAUNA IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE STOMACH OF EUROPEAN ELK (ALCES ALCES) LIVING IN THE OMSK AND CHELYABINSK REGIONS OF RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (36) ◽  
pp. 816-830
Author(s):  
Tatyana KORCHAGINA
Keyword(s):  
Alces Alces ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Total Composition ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Elk (Alces alces L.) are the largest animals in the deer family and an important commercial and hunting animal in Russia. Since ancient times, elk have offered nutritious meat and valuable hides. For this reason, there are repeated attempts to domesticate elk. However, the domestication of elk and their implementation on farms has not gone beyond experimental farms. This is mostly due to the elk’s digestion's unexplored physiology, including the role of endobiont ciliates. The elk’s diet is very diverse and includes shoots, leaves, the bark of various tree species and shrubs, multiple herbs, rhizomes and the leaves of aquatic plants, and mushrooms. This research aimed to perform a quantitative and specific study of the infusory composition of the digestive tract of European elk, which lives on the territory of the Omsk and Chelyabinsk regions of Russia in connection with habitat, nutrition, and climate. A comparative analysis of the species and numerical composition of symbiotic ciliated protozoa in the stomachs of European elk are presented. The average number of individual species of elk stomach cilia depending on the territory of the animal's habitat and the qualitative and quantitative composition of various parts of the stomach are presented. The dominant genus of cilia in elk is Entodinium, which includes ten species. Entodinium makes up 63% of all protozoa in the rumen of moose in the Chelyabinsk population and 73% in the Omsk population. The ophrioscolecidae family share accounts for 98% of the total composition of cilia in the moose rumen of the Chelyabinsk population and 96% of the Omsk population. No cilia were found in the rennet. The results allow us to assess the prospects for European elk domestication.

scholarly journals CREATING BIOCOMPOSITES BASED ON NANO-SIZED HYDROXYAPATITE DOPED WITH ZIRCONIUM OXIDE AND CALCIUM FLUORIDE

2020 ◽  
pp. 697-705
Author(s):  
Данил Ильич Переверзев ◽  
Екатерина Анатольевна Богданова ◽  
Ксения Валерьевна Нефедова
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Fluoride ◽  
Zirconium Oxide ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Uniform Structure ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Constant Composition ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Sintering Processes

В статье обсуждается возможность упрочнения наноструктурированного гидроксиапатита (ГАП), полученного осаждением из раствора, путем введения оксида циркония и фторида кальция. Показано влияние качественного и количественного состава на протекание процессов спекания и прочностные характеристики исследуемых образцов. Экспериментально установлено, что максимальными прочностными характеристиками и постоянным составом обладает образец Ca(PO)(OH) - 15%CaF -5%ZrO. Композит обладает плотной равномерной структурой с высокой степенью кристалличности, является перспективным материалом для дальнейших исследований с целью внедрения его в медицинскую практику. The article discusses the possibility of strengthening nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAP) obtained by precipitation from a solution by introducing zirconium oxide and calcium fluoride. The influence of qualitative and quantitative composition on sintering processes and strength characteristics of investigated samples has been shown. It was found experimentally that the sample has the maximum strength characteristics and constant composition Ca(PO)(OH) - 15%CaF -5%ZrO. The composite has a dense uniform structure with a high degree of crystallinity and is a promising material for further research in order to introduce it into medical practice.

scholarly journals ADHESION OF PERIODONTAL PATHOGENS TO MATERIALS USED FOR LONG-TERM TEMPORARY CROWNS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (33) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
A. UTYUZH ◽  
D. NIKOLENKO ◽  
A. YUMASHEV ◽  
I. VOLCHKOVA ◽  
V. SAMUSENKOV
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Oral Microflora ◽  
Acrylic Monomers ◽  
Hygienic Measures ◽  
Materials Used

Provisional crowns are widely used in prosthodontic treatment in dentistry, and new materials for temporary crowns, including polyetheretherketone, have emerged, which have high-quality requirements for use in long-term temporary prosthetics. Of particular importance in prosthetics are the features of adhesion of pathogenic oral microflora to orthodontic structures. This study evaluated the adhesion of cariogenic and pathogenic periodontal bacterial flora and Candida species to unpolished and polished Dentokeep polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polished polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) material (Re-Fine Acrylic), and hotcuring acrylic plastic ─ a powder-liquid type, where the powder is a suspension graft fluorine-containing copolymer, and the liquid is a mixture of acrylic monomers, and oligomers─(Sinma-M) recommended for manufacturing long-term temporary crowns. The effect of polishing or un-polishing the study material on the adhesion of various microorganisms was studied. Polishing of Dentokeep PEEK significantly influenced primary adhesion. Microbial adhesion to sample materials was studied using ultrasonic cavitation. Adhesion of microorganisms to each material was categorized as low (0–0.27), moderate (0.28–0.69), or high (0.70–1). Streptococcus sanguinis, Prevotella intermedia, and Candida albicans adhered moderately to unpolished Dentokeep PEEK, whereas Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida krusei were highly adherent. Candida species and P. intermedia pathogenic periodontal strain moderately adhered to polished Dentokeep PEEK, whereas S. sanguinis and P. gingivalis were highly adherent. Temporary crowns require additional hygienic measures to eradicate cariogenic (acidogenic), pathogenic periodontal, and fungal microbiota and maintain the normal qualitative and quantitative composition of oral microbiocenosis during prosthodontic treatment. In conclusion, PEEK is a promising material for the manufacture of long-term temporary crowns.

SEEDING DENSITY OF DIFFERENT FISH SPECIES IN POLYCULTURE

2017 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Yuriy Borisovich Lvov
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Trophic Preferences ◽  
Breeding Zone ◽  
Practical Progress

The article touches upon the principles, biological basics and practical progress of introduction of specific and age polyculture of fishes. Using the results of the analysis of literary and long-term native data, there has been offered the gradation of 12 fish species from different families by resistance to habitat conditions. Crucian ( Carassius gibelio ) has been chosen as the most sustainable object of cultivation. There has been taken an attempt to calculate the number of seeding different fish species in polyculture taking into account their physiological features is made. Subject to specific physiological features of the studied species, there was carried out recalculation of their natural reproductive performance in different fish-breeding zones, which is traditionally carried out for a carp ( Cyprinus carpio ). In particular, in the second fish-breeding zone with area of 1 hectare it is possible to breed 120 kg of carp, or 150 kg of crucian, or 75 kg of silver carp ( Hypophthalmichthys ). Overall productivity is made up of a share of fishes in polyculture, but taking into account tolerance of species, it can be lower than productivity calculated for carp. The method of calculation and formulas which give the chance to determine seeding density of fish species for breeding in polyculture have been offered. This technique makes it possible to use trophic preferences and consider tolerance of each species to the conditions of breeding areas.

Effects of GMO agricultural products on living things

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ERCAN ÇATAK ◽  
Ali ATALAY
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
World Population ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Living Creature

By obtaining changes on gene sequences of living things with the applied biotechnological methods; The idea of "Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)", which aims to bring the living creature in question the original gene combinations with the desired characteristics, came to life in the late twentieth century. Despite the high probability that hunger problems may increase with the increasing world population; It is thought that plant breeding with classical farming methods will be insufficient in solving these problems. With various GMO applications developed all over the world, it aims to produce solutions to these problems. With the presence of GMO, it was possible to increase the shelf life of qualitative and quantitative values of the existing foods. In addition, decreases in agricultural use of pesticides used in agricultural struggle and threatening human health with GMO production are noteworthy. However, some concerns about anomalies that may occur in living things fed GMO products remain on the agenda. Because, in the long term, there is no clear and precise information that GMO will not have negative effects on living things; There are many recorded incidents showing their negative effects.

Allozyme variation and an estimate of the inbreeding coefficient in the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Borsa ◽  
D. Pierre Gingerich
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficient ◽  
Hypothenemus Hampei ◽  
Coffee Berry ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
High Degree

AbstractSeven presumed Mendelian enzyme loci (Est-2, Est-3, Gpi, Idh-l, Idh-2, Mdh-2 and Mpi) were characterized and tested for polymorphism in coffee berry borers, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari), sampled in Côte d′Ivoire, Mexico and New Caledonia. The average genetic diversity was H = 0.080. Two loci, Mdh-2 and Mpi were polymorphic, and thus usable as genetic markers. The population structure of H. hampei was analysed using Weir & Cockerham's estimators of Wright's F-statistics. A high degree of inbreeding (f = 0.298) characterized the elementary geographic sampling unit, the coffee field. The estimate of gene flow between fields within a country was Nm = 10.6 and that between countries was Nm = 2. The population genetic structure in H. hampei could be related to its known population biological features and history.

scholarly journals Feasibility and Enjoyment of Exercise Video Games in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 559-559
Author(s):  
Sara Freed ◽  
Briana Sprague ◽  
Lesley Ross
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Xbox Kinect ◽  
Game Developers

Abstract Interventions using exercise video games, or exergames, have shown short-term cognitive and physical benefits to older adults, though long-term effects are less promising. Enjoyment of exergames may promote exergame use after the intervention period, though little work has examined older adults’ views of exergames before and after gameplay experience. We invited 20 older adults between 65 and 84 years of age (M=73.30, SD=5.95) to play two Xbox Kinect games, Just Dance and Kinect Sports Rivals, for twenty minutes. In our presentation, we will present qualitative and quantitative findings of this pilot study, including findings that older adults reported that they were not likely to play similar exergames in the future and that they did not find the exergames to be more fun compared to other ways of exercising. We will discuss implications for game design and research relevant to game developers, manufacturers, and researchers. Part of a symposium sponsored by Technology and Aging Interest Group.

Hate Crime and Place: The Spatial and Temporal Concentration of Bias-Motivated Crime in Washington, D.C.

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052098781
Author(s):  
Marin R. Wenger ◽  
Brendan Lantz
Keyword(s):  
Hate Crime ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Spatial Stability ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Crime Types ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Block Groups ◽  
Street Segments

Prior research suggests that many crime types are spatially concentrated and stable over time. Hate crime, however, is a unique crime type that is etiologically distinct from others. As such, examination of hate crime from a spatial and temporal perspective offers an opportunity to understand hate crime and the spatial concentration of crime more generally. The current study examines the spatial stability of hate crimes reported to the police in Washington, D.C., from 2012 through 2018 using street segments, intersections, and block groups as units of analysis. Findings reveal that hate crime is spatially concentrated, with less than 4% of street segments and intersections experiencing hate crime over the study period. Results reveal a high degree of spatial stability, both year-to-year and over the long term even when restricting the analysis to units that experienced at least one hate crime.

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