scholarly journals Kinetics of α -glucosidase inhibitory activity and phytochemical analysis of Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav. leaves ethanol extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2032-2036
Author(s):  
Muhammad Alfarabi ◽  
Maria Bintang ◽  
Suryani ◽  
Mega Safithri ◽  
Waras Nurcholis
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Phenol Compounds ◽  
Significant Function ◽  
Kinetics Of

α-Glucosidase is an enzymes group that playing essential roles in the digestion of polysaccharide. Inhibitor of a-glucosidase can decrease polysaccharide digestion rate and therefore plays a significant function in preventing the development of diabetes (type 2). Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav. is an essential herb applied traditionally in Indonesia to treat diabetes mellitus. This work evaluated the a-glucosidase inhibitory activity of P. crocatum leaves ethanol extract. Phytochemical component of the extract was also analyzed. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the P. crocatum leaves ethanol extract was examined by reacting its different concentrations with α-glucosidase and p-nitrophenyl glucopyranoside. Kinetics of the α-glucosidase inhibition was determined using a Lineweaver-Burke plot. Phytochemical in the extract was determined using GC-MS. Ethanol extract of P. crocatum leaves exhibited moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared with acarbose. Phytochemical analyses showed the presence of stilbene, linolenic acid, phenol, phytosteroid, and α-tocopherol. The competitive action of P. crocatum  leaves ethanol extract is due to its inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase. The stilbene and phenol compounds indicated responsible for anti-diabetic activity from P. crocatum leaves ethanol extract.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant and α-glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Codonopsisjavanica (Blume) Hook. f. Thoms’ Root Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Thuy ◽  
Ngo Ha Linh Trang ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Binh ◽  
Bui Thanh Tung
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant ability and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Codonopsisjavanica extract to elucidate its mechanism in the treatment of diabetes type 2. The roots of Codonopsisjavanica were extracted with ethanol solvents and fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol solvents. The total extract and the fractions were evaluated for free radical scavenging by 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in vitro. The study results show that ethyl acetate fraction from Codonopsisjavanica roots had the strongest antioxidant activity with a value of IC50 of 80.6 ± 2.8 µg/mL and a strong α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity with a value of IC50 of 80.4 ± 5 µg/mL. These data suggest that ethyl acetate fraction from Codonopsisjavanica roots may have potential for the prevention and treatment of diabetes type 2. Keywords Codonopsisjavanica, diabetes type 2, α-glucosidase, antioxidant ability, fraction. References [1] B.Y. Te. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of type 2 diabetes, 2017.[2] U. Asmat, K. Abad, K. Ismail. Diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress-A concise review. Saudi pharmaceutical journal 24(5) (2016) 547.[3] D.K. Thu, V.M. Hung, N.T. Trang, B.T. Tung. Study on α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity and DPPH free radical scavenging of green coffee bean extract (Coffea canephora). VNU Journal of Science: Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 35(2) (2019).[4] C.Y. Li, H.X. Xu, Q.B. Han, T.S. Wu. Quality assessment of Radix Codonopsis by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance. Journal of Chromatography A 1216(11) (2009) 2124.[5] S.M. Gao, J.S. Liu, M. Wang, T.T. Cao, Y.D. Qi, B.G. Zhang, et al. Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Codonopsis: A review. Journal of ethnopharmacology 219((2018) 50.[6] T.T. Ha, H.V. Oanh, D.T. Ha. Chemical constituents of the n-butanol fractions from the roots of Vietnamese Codonopsis javanica (Blume) Hook.f. Journal of Pharmacy 56(4) (2016).[7] T.T. Ha, N.M. Khoi, N.T. Ha, N.V. Nghi, D.T. Ha. Chemical Constituents from Roots of Codonopsis javanica (Blume) Hook.f. Journal of Medicinal Materials 19((2014) 211.[8] B.T. Tung, D.K. Thu, N.T.K. Thu, N.T. Hai. Antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of ginger root (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) extract. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine 14(4) (2017).[9] B.T. Tung, D.K. Thu, P.T. Hai, N.T. Hai. Evaluation of α-glucosidase inhibitory effects of Pomegranate fruit extracts (Punica granatum Linn). Journal of Traditional Vietnamese Medicine and Pharmacy 5(18) (2018) 59.[10] F. Moradi-Afrapoli, B. Asghari, S. Saeidnia, Y. Ajani, M. Mirjani, M. Malmir, et al. In vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of phenolic constituents from aerial parts of Polygonum hyrcanicum. DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 20(1) (2012) 37.[11] D.T. Bao. Free radicals. Journal of Pharmacy 6((2001) 29.[12] M. Carocho, I.C. Ferreira. A review on antioxidants, prooxidants and related controversy: natural and synthetic compounds, screening and analysis methodologies and future perspectives. Food and chemical toxicology 51((2013) 15.[13] National Institute of Medicinal Materials. Method for studying the pharmacological effects of herbal drugs. Science and Technology Publishing House, 2006.[14] J.W. Baynes. Role of oxidative stress in development of complications in diabetes. Diabetes 40(4) (1991) 405.[15] S.M. Jeon, S.Y. Kim, I.H. Kim, J.S. Go, H.R. Kim, J.Y. Jeong, et al. Antioxidant activities of processed Deoduck (Codonopsis lanceolata) extracts. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 42(6) (2013) 924.[16] C.S. Yoo, S.J. Kim. Methanol extract of Codonopsis pilosula inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase and protein oxidation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated raw cells. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 12(5) (2013) 705.[17] J.Y.W. Chan, F.C. Lam, P.C. Leung, C.T. Che, K.P. Fung. Antihyperglycemic and antioxidative effects of a herbal formulation of Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis and Cortex Lycii in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives 23(5) (2009) 658.[18] S. Kumar, S. Narwal, V. Kumar, O. Prakash. α-glucosidase inhibitors from plants: A natural approach to treat diabetes. Pharmacognosy reviews 5(9) (2011) 19.[19] K. Tadera, Y. Minami, K. Takamatsu, T. Matsuoka. Inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase by flavonoids. Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology 52(2) (2006) 149.[20] C.W. Choi, Y.H. Choi, M.-R. Cha, D.S. Yoo, Y.S. Kim, G.H. Yon, et al. Yeast α-glucosidase inhibition by isoflavones from plants of Leguminosae as an in vitro alternative to acarbose. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 58(18) (2010) 9988.[21] K. He, X. Li, X. Chen, X. Ye, J. Huang, Y. Jin, et al. Evaluation of antidiabetic potential of selected traditional Chinese medicines in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology 137(3) (2011) 1135.[22] S.W. Jung, A.J. Han, H.J. Hong, M.G. Choung, K.S. Kim, S.H. Park. alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from the roots of Codonopsis lanceolata Trautv. Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology 49(4) (2006) 162.[23] R. Gupta, A.K. Sharma, M. Dobhal, M. Sharma, R. Gupta. Antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of β‐sitosterol in streptozotocin‐induced experimental hyperglycemia. Journal of diabetes 3(1) (2011) 29.[24] R. Khanra, N. Bhattacharjee, T.K. Dua, A. Nandy, A. Saha, J. Kalita, et al. Taraxerol, a pentacyclic triterpenoid, from Abroma augusta leaf attenuates diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic rats. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 94((2017) 726.[25] A.I. Alagbonsi, T.M. Salman, H.M. Salahdeen, A.A. Alada. Effects of adenosine and caffeine on blood glucose levels in rats. Nigerian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Biosciences 4(2) (2016) 35.[26] A.M. Mahmoud, O.E. Hussein. Hesperidin as a promising anti-diabetic flavonoid: the underlying molecular mechanism. Int J Food Nutr Sci| Volume 3(3) (2014) 1.      

Eksplorasi Kesadaran Diri, Persepsi Dan Sikap Pada Individu Yang Memiliki Riwayat Keluarga Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Mulia Mayangsari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

 Individuals who have a family history oftype 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) have a highrisk for type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetescan be prevented by improving modifiablerisk factors, supported by self-awareness,perceptions and attitudes of individualswho have a high family history of DM. Thisstudy used a qualitative phenomenologicaldesign. A Purposive Sampling techiniquewas applied to determine individuals whohad parents with type 2 diabetes. Nineindividuals participated in this study. AQualitative content analysis with Collaiziapproach used as a data analysis method.The main themes depicted individuals selfawareness,perceptions, & attitudes were:denials that diabetes caused by heredityfactors; misperception about diabetes;“traditional modalities” as a preventionmeasurement toward type 2 diabetes; andDM is perceived as a “threatening disease”.Further study is needed to examine indepth the themes that have been identifiedon the number of participants are morenumerous and varied.

Risk Factors Associated With Hyperuricemia in Patients with Diabetes Type 2: About 190 Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Fennoun H ◽  
Haraj NE ◽  
El Aziz S ◽  
Bensbaa S ◽  
Chadli A
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Introduction: Hyperuricemia is common Type 2 diabetes at very high cardiovascular risk. Objective: Evaluate the relationship between hyperuricemia and diabetes type 2, and determine its predictive factors in this population. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study cross including 190 patients with diabetes type 2 hospitalized Service of Endocrinology of CHU Ibn Rushd Casablanca from January 2015 to December 2017. Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum uric acid concentration> 70 mg/L (men) and> 60 mg/L (women). The variables studied were the anthropometric measurements), cardiovascular factors (tobacco, hypertension, dyslipidemia), and degenerative complications (retinopathy, neuropathy, kidney failure, ischemic heart disease). The analyzes were performed by SPSS software. Results: Hyperuricemia was found in 26.5% of patients with a female predominance (76%), an average age of 55.9 years, and an average age of 12.4ans diabetes. The glycemic control was found in 84.6% of cases with mean glycated hemoglobin 8.6%. Factors associated al hyperuricemia were the blood pressure in 86% (p <0.05), dyslipidemia in 76.3% of cases (p <0.001) with hypertriglyceridemia in 48.3% of cases (p <0.02), and a hypoHDLémie 28% (p <0.001). The age, obesity, smoking, and glycemic control were associated significantly n al hyperuricemia. The research of degenerative complications of hyperuricemia has objectified renal impairment (GFR between 15 and 60ml / min) chez47% (p <0.001), it was kind of moderate in 35.8% (p <0.01) and severe in 5.1% (p <0.02), ischemic heart disease was found in 34% of cases (p <0.01). Conclusion: In our study, hyperuricemia in type 2 diabetes is common in female patients, especially with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and renal failure. Other factors such as age, obesity, smoking is not associated with hyperuricemia in type 2 diabetics.

scholarly journals Investigating GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotype as the risk factor of diabetes type 2 retinopathy

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alamdar Dadbinpour ◽  
Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha ◽  
Mojtaba Darbouy ◽  
Mohammad Afkhami-Ardekani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Gstm1 Null Genotype

Dementie bij diabetes type 2 onvermijdelijk

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 635-635
Author(s):  
Ymte Groeneveld
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type

scholarly journals Neuroinflammation as a Common Denominator of Complex Diseases (Cancer, Diabetes Type 2, and Neuropsychiatric Disorders)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 6138
Author(s):  
Serena Asslih ◽  
Odeya Damri ◽  
Galila Agam
Keyword(s):  
Cell Activation ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Complex Diseases ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Complex Disorders

The term neuroinflammation refers to inflammation of the nervous tissue, in general, and in the central nervous system (CNS), in particular. It is a driver of neurotoxicity, it is detrimental, and implies that glial cell activation happens prior to neuronal degeneration and, possibly, even causes it. The inflammation-like glial responses may be initiated in response to a variety of cues such as infection, traumatic brain injury, toxic metabolites, or autoimmunity. The inflammatory response of activated microglia engages the immune system and initiates tissue repair. Through translational research the role played by neuroinflammation has been acknowledged in different disease entities. Intriguingly, these entities include both those directly related to the CNS (commonly designated neuropsychiatric disorders) and those not directly related to the CNS (e.g., cancer and diabetes type 2). Interestingly, all the above-mentioned entities belong to the same group of “complex disorders”. This review aims to summarize cumulated data supporting the hypothesis that neuroinflammation is a common denominator of a wide variety of complex diseases. We will concentrate on cancer, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and neuropsychiatric disorders (focusing on mood disorders).

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