scholarly journals Assessing the effect of natural sweetener on salivary pH and streptococcus mutans growth- An invivo study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
Sushanthi S ◽  
Leelavathi L ◽  
Meignana Arumugham Indiran ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Rathinavelu ◽  
Rajesh Kumar S
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Sugar Substitute ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Mouth Rinsing

Stevia is a natural sweetener which is used as a sugar substitute. It has been suggested that Stevia may be anti-cariogenic. However, there is limited research in this regard. Currently, Stevia rebaudiana, a plant is considered to be a suitable replacement of sugar which is healthy and has much fewer side effects than other sweeteners. To assess the salivary pH and streptococcus mutans growth among the participants after mouth rinsing with water containing natural sweetener. This double-blinded parallel clinical trial was done among forty female participants aged 22-25 years. Study participants were selected and randomly allocated by lottery method as two different groups as group A, and B. Microbial growth and pH of the saliva was assessed twice, once before rising with stevia solution and at 20 minutes after rinsing with a sugar solution containing Stevia (single tablet and two tablets) mixed in distilled water. Collected data were analyzed using the paired t-test. It was found from the study that there was an increase in mean salivary pH when compared with the baseline value after rinsing with Stevia. There was an increase in the Streptococcus mutans count after rinsing with Stevia. Increase in streptococcus mutans count was found to be low in Group A than group B. pH value stays in neutral value even after rinsing with a natural sweetener. There is no much difference between Group A and B. Salivary pH after mouth rinsing with Stevia is in a neutral state. It has low Streptococcus mutans growth suggesting that Stevia can also be used as a sugar substitute replacing artificial sugar substitutes.

scholarly journals Assessing the effect of natural sweetener on salivary pH and streptococcus mutans growth- An invivo study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 7799-7804
Author(s):  
Sushanthi S ◽  
Leelavathi L ◽  
Meignana Arumugham Indiran ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Rathinavelu ◽  
Rajesh Kumar S
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Sugar Substitute ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Mouth Rinsing

Stevia is a natural sweetener which is used as a sugar substitute. It has been suggested that Stevia may be anti-cariogenic. However, there is limited research in this regard. Currently, Stevia rebaudiana, a plant is considered to be a suitable replacement of sugar which is healthy and has much fewer side effects than other sweeteners. To assess the salivary pH and streptococcus mutans growth among the participants after mouth rinsing with water containing natural sweetener. This double-blinded parallel clinical trial was done among forty female participants aged 22-25 years. Study participants were selected and randomly allocated by lottery method as two different groups as group A, and B. Microbial growth and pH of the saliva was assessed twice, once before rising with stevia solution and at 20 minutes after rinsing with a sugar solution containing Stevia (single tablet and two tablets) mixed in distilled water. Collected data were analyzed using the paired t-test. It was found from the study that there was an increase in mean salivary pH when compared with the baseline value after rinsing with Stevia. There was an increase in the Streptococcus mutans count after rinsing with Stevia. Increase in streptococcus mutans count was found to be low in Group A than group B. pH value stays in neutral value even after rinsing with a natural sweetener. There is no much difference between Group A and B. Salivary pH after mouth rinsing with Stevia is in a neutral state. It has low Streptococcus mutans growth suggesting that Stevia can also be used as a sugar substitute replacing artificial sugar substitutes.

Comparison of stent related symptoms in patients taking mirabegron, solifenacin, or tamsulosin: A double blinded randomized clinical trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 039156032110481
Author(s):  
Abhishek Chandna ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
Kalpesh M Parmar ◽  
Aditya P Sharma ◽  
Sudheer K Devana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy ◽  
Health Indices ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Robotic Pyeloplasty ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
To Receive

Background: The present study aims to assess the efficacy of mirabegron, a novel beta-3 agonist for ameliorating stent related symptoms (SRSs) as compared to tamsulosin and solifenacin. Methods: Total of 150 patients undergoing ureteral stent placement following ureteroscopic lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, or laparoscopic/robotic pyeloplasty were randomized in 1:1:1 fashion to receive mirabegron 50 mg (group A), solifenacin 5 mg (group B), and tamsulosin 0.4 mg (group C) OD respectively. Patients were followed at POD10 (I visit), 4 weeks (II visit) after surgery, and 2 weeks post-stent removal. Validated vernacular version of ureteric stent symptoms questionnaire (USSQ) was administered to the patients at each visit. Results: Out of 150 patients randomized, 123 patients (A; n = 41, B; n = 40, and C; n = 42) completed the study. The groups were comparable in terms of urinary index score of USSQ at I and II visits ( p = 0.119 and 0.076, respectively). A lower proportion of patients in group B experiencing bodily pain at II visit ( p = 0.039), however, pain scores were comparable. Significantly lower general health index scores were observed in group A at I visit and over 4 weeks ( p = 0.007). No significant differences were observed in other domains of USSQ. Age, sex, and surgical procedure undertaken did not significantly impact the scores in various USSQ domains. Conclusion: Mirabegron demonstrates comparable benefit in alleviating SRSs with better general health indices and may be an effective alternative for SRSs, especially when tamsulosin or solifenacin are contra-indicated or poorly tolerated.

scholarly journals Effect of Achyranthes aspera, 0.2% Aqueous Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Punica granatum Oral Rinse on the Levels of Salivary Streptococcus mutans in 8 to 12 Years Old Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 903-909
Author(s):  
Deepak Goel ◽  
Aayushi Bansal ◽  
Anant Gopal Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Achyranthes Aspera ◽  
Oral Rinse ◽  
Group B ◽  
Mouth Rinsing

ABSTRACT Background and objectives To study the effect Achyranthes aspera, 0.2% aqueous chlorhexidine gluconate and Punica granatum oral rinse on salivary Streptococcus mutans count in children. Materials and methods A total of 60 children of 8 to 12 years of age were randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group A was given 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash, group B was given 10% A. aspera mouthwash and group C was given 15% P. granatum mouthwash. The day 1 saliva samples were collected from the subjects and innoculated onto mitis salivarius bacitracin (MSB) agar. The colony counts were obtained by a clinical microbiologist who was blinded to the subject allocation. Plaque scores were then recorded by the investigator with the help of a volunteer. Following this, they received a thorough scaling and polishing. Subjects in each group were then provided with 140 ml of the respective mouthwash, as a daily supervised rinse after breakfast and before sleeping as per instructions. Following mouth rinsing, the children were instructed not to eat or drink for 15 minutes. At the 7th day, unstimulated saliva was again collected from the subjects of all 3 groups, inoculated onto MSB agar and colony count was obtained. Modified Quigley- Hein plaque index was also evaluated for the refreshed score at this stage. Colony counting was done using loop method and statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software version 21. Results All the three mouthwashes showed statistically significant reduction of S. mutans count and plaque index after 7 days, i.e. chlorhexidine (p < 0.001 for reduction in S. mutans count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction), A. aspera (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutans count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction) and P. granatum (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutans count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction). Chlorhexidine had marginally better results in reducing S. mutans count. Conclusion • Efficacy of chlorhexidine, A. aspera and P. granatum was statistically significant with respect to reduction of S. mutans count with chlorhexidine being marginally better than the other two, • All the three mouthwashes were found to be at par when plaque index values from baseline and after interception of 7 days was calculated, • Punica granatum has better antimicrobial effect than A. aspera. How to cite this article Bansal A, Marwah N, Nigam AG, Goenka P, Goel D. Effect of Achyranthes aspera, 0.2% Aqueous Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Punica granatum Oral Rinse on the Levels of Salivary Streptococcus mutans in 8 to 12 Years Old Children. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):903-909.

Efficacy of Dynamic VS Closed Kinematic Exercise Combined with Stretching in Adhesive Capsulitis- a double blinded randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-373
Author(s):  
V Rajalaxmi ◽  
S Vasanthi ◽  
S Sathya ◽  
K Kirupa ◽  
SM Divya Mary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Adhesive Capsulitis ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Dynamic Exercise ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Experimental Study Design

Objective: To compare the efficacy of Dynamic exercise and Closed kinematic exercise combined with stretching in adhesive capsulitis. Background of the study: Adhesive capsulitis is a condition characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. It is a painful and disabling disorder of unclear cause in which the shoulder capsule, the connective tissue surrounding the shoulder becomes inflamed and stiff, restricting ROM and causing chronic pain. Methodology: This was an experimental study design with Pre-Post test. 30 samples were selected from 45 volunteers based on the inclusion criteria. Group A-Dynamic exercise with stretching, Group B-Closed kinematic exercise with stretching, SWD is commonly given to the patients for 1 week. Results: The result concludes both the groups showed improvement while group A received Dynamic exercise with stretching was comparatively better than the Group B received Closed kinematic exercise with stretching Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(2) 2021 p.368-373

scholarly journals Analgesic Efficacy of Paracetamol in Children Using Tonsillectomy as a Pain Model

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 669-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Anderson ◽  
S. Kanagasundarum ◽  
G. Woollard
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Paracetamol Concentration ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

The analgesic efficacy of paracetamol was assessed in a prospective, randomized, double-blinded study of 100 children undergoing tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy. Fifty children were given paracetamol elixir 40 mg/kg 40 minutes preoperatively (Group A); the remaining 50 children were given an oral placebo 40 minutes pre-operatively and paracetamol suppositories 40 mg/kg after induction of anaesthesia (Group B). Paracetamol was the only analgesic given and was given either orally or rectally in order to produce high variations in plasma paracetamol concentrations postoperatively. At 30 minutes after the end of surgery a pain score (0–10) was obtained and a venous blood sample was taken for serum paracetamol concentration analysis. Children given paracetamol elixir had a higher mean paracetamol concentration (0.15 [SD 0.06] mmol/l vs 0.05 [SD 0.03] mmol/l, P < 0.001) and a lower median pain score (5 vs 7, P < 0.02) than those who were given suppositories. The use of rescue morphine was higher (10 vs 23, P < 0.001) in the latter group. The incidence of nausea and vomiting was the same in both groups (20%) during the 24 hour postoperative period. Plasma paracetamol concentrations of 0.066–0.132 mmol/l are known to reduce temperature; plasma paracetamol concentrations which provide analgesia are unknown. Children with plasma paracetamol concentrations above 0.07 mmol/l had superior analgesia to those with concentrations below this level (P < 0.05).

scholarly journals Management of Pain During Propofol Injection Using Intravenous Nitroglycerine

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-205
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sazzad Hossain ◽  
Mohammad Mamunur Rashid ◽  
Md Anisur Rahman Babu ◽  
Afsana Sultana ◽  
Md Sirajul Islam Mahfuz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Injection Pain ◽  
Group A ◽  
American Society ◽  
Group B ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
American Society Of Anesthesiologists ◽  
To Receive

Background: Propofol is an intravenous (IV) anesthetic agent, can irritate the skin, mucous membrane and venous intima. The main drawback is the pain at injection site following its intravenous injection. Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the effect of intravenous nitroglycerine on pain in patients following propofol injection. Materials and Methods: Eighty adult patients of both sexes, aged 20-50 years, according to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status were divided into two equal groups (n=40) to receive 200 mcg intravenous nitroglycerine diluted in 10 ml saline (group A) and 10 ml normal saline as placebo (group B) at an ambient operating room temperature in a randomized and double blinded fashion to compare the pain-relieving effects of the drugs during propofol injection before the patients lost consciousness. The pain on propofol injection was assessed according to the Mc Crirrick and Hunter scale. Results: The overall incidence and severity of pain were significantly less in Groups A (nitroglycerine group) than group B (placebo group) (p< 0.05). The incidence of mild and moderate pain in Group A versus group B was 25% vs 45% and 15% vs 30% respectively (p<0.05). The incidence of score '0' (no pain) was higher in Group A (60%) than Group B (25%) (p<0.05). Conclusion: Pretreatment with 200 mcg nitroglycerine with venous occlusion for one minute is effective pretreatment in alleviating propofol injection pain when compared to placebo. KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-4, January 2020, Page 202-205

scholarly journals Pengaruh Jenis Minyak Terhadap Sifat Fisik Sabun Mandi Cair

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Febrina Nugrahini ◽  
Nining Sugihartini ◽  
Laela Hayu Nurani
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Liquid Bath ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Group A ◽  
Oil Characteristics ◽  
Group B

Soap is obtained from the saponification reaction that occurs between oil and alkaline solution. Various kinds of oils used in soap making also affect the quality of soap. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of oil type on the physical properties of liquid bath soap. This research was divided into 3 groups, coconut oil group (A), VCO oil group (B), and olive oil group (C). Liquid bath soap obtained from each type of oil is tested based on SNI provisions including a soap quality test (oil characteristics test, organoleptic test, pH test, specific gravity, total plate count), viscosity test, and antioxidant test. Liquid bath soap of the three types of oil has the same shape, color, and odor. Coconut liquid soap, VCO, and olives respectively have a pH value of 6.64; 6.9; 6.52. (P = 0,000) Specific weight 1.0511; 1.0427; 1.0425. Viscosity 558cps; 686; 420. (p = 0.003) IC50 3547.36; 4523.46; 3542.02. (p = 0.035). Bath soaps that best meet SNI requirements are those made with olive oil.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Oral Clonidine and Midazolam as Premedication in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Tonsillectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
P Value ◽  
Parental Separation ◽  
Oral Clonidine ◽  
Oral Midazolam ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

Background and Aim: Anxiety and fear of operation, injections, physicians, operation theatre environment and parental separation are all traumatizing experiences in children. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of oral midazolam and oral clonidine as premedication in children undergoing tonsillectomy .The preoperative sedation, anxiolytic, acceptance of mask for induction of anaesthesia, intravenous cannulation and post-operative recoverywere assessed in both groups. Methods: Aprospective randomized double blinded study of 100 patients of age group 4 -12 yrs undergoing tonsillectomy under general anaesthesia were selected. They were divided into 2 groups of 50 patients each. Group A (oral clonidine) received 4 mcg/kg 90 minutes before induction. Group B (oral midazolam) received 0.5 mg/kg 90 minutes before induction. The sedation and anxiety score was noted at the time of parental separation. The reaction to IV cannulation was assessed by sedation and anxiety scoring at the same time all of them were taken under GA with controlled ventilation. The Mask acceptance was graded by 5 point scoring system .Grade 3,4 and 5 are satisfactory.They were monitored throughout the surgery for any complications. Post operative status was assessed by Modified Objective Pain score. Results: The sedation score and anxiety score at venipuncture was better with clonidine group with statistical significance (p< 0.000 and<0.003). The mask acceptance was better with clonidine group with statistical significance (p <0.000).Postoperative score was also better with clonidine group with statistical significance of p value <0.000. Conclusion: We concluded that oral clonidine and midazolam can be used as better premedicants to produce optimal sedation and emotional state.Clonidine 4 μg / kg has been shown to be a more effective premedication for children undergoing elective tonsillectomy than midazolam 0.5mg/kg

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CHEWING MARSHMALLOW CONTAINING BETEL CHEW IN REDUCING STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS AND PLAQUE INDEX ON CHILDREN

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
RINDIT PAMBAYUN ◽  
ADE PUTRI ◽  
MEIDY TRI YUDA ◽  
SITI RUSDIANA PUSPA DEWI ◽  
TRI WARDANI WIDOWATI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Islamic School ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: Marshmallow is a soft candy loved by all levels of society, especially children. Sucrose contained in marshmallow increases the growth of Streptococcus mutans and plaque. Betel chew as Indonesian traditional plants add in marshmallow was believed to decrease S. mutans and plaque. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chewing marshmallow containing betel chew in reducing S. mutans and plaque index in children. Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test control group design. It was conducted in the Laboratory of Agricultural Chemistry, Laboratory of Agricultural Technology Department, and Islamic School of Al-Amalul Khair. Thirty students were divided into two groups. Group A was chewing marshmallow without betel chew and Group B was chewing marshmallow containing betel chew. Results: The results showed that chewing marshmallow without betel chew increased the growth of S. mutans and plaque index significantly. Chewing marshmallow without betel chew inhibited the growth of S. mutans and dental plaque formation. Conclusion: Chewing marshmallow containing betel chew reduces S. mutans and plaque index on children.

scholarly journals The effects of buccal administration of azaperone on the sedation level and biochemical variables of weaned piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Martin Svoboda ◽  
Zdeněk Fajt ◽  
Michaela Mruvčinská ◽  
Jan Vašek ◽  
Jana Blahová
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Sedation Level ◽  
Biochemical Variables ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Group D

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of buccal and parenteral administration of azaperone in order to achieve pig sedation. The type of study was prospective randomized and double blinded. A total of 40 weaned piglets were divided into 4 groups (10 each) and monitored. Group A was injected intramuscularly (i.m.) with azaperone (Stresnil®, 40 mg/ml inj., Elanco Animal Health) at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). Group B (control) was given 1 ml of saline buccally. Group C received a dose of 2 mg/kg b.w. of azaperone buccally. Group D was given azaperone buccally at a dose of 4 mg/kg b.w. The response to defined stimulus (a blunt blow of a metal rod into the metal edge of the pen), degree of salivation, movement level, blood plasma azaperone concentration, and the haematological and biochemical variables were included in the study. We found that the buccal administration of azaperone is effective, however, a dose of 4 mg/kg b.w. is required to induce a sedation level comparable to the standard 2 mg/kg b.w. i.m. administration.

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