scholarly journals Acute toxicity studies of an novel natural polymer vigna mungo in swiss albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 947-953
Author(s):  
Krishnaveni Manubolu ◽  
Sreenivasulu Munna ◽  
Chandrasekhar Kothapalli Bonnoth
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Histopathological Studies

The aim of the present research is to investigate acute toxicity profiling of isolated Vigna mungo new natural polymer. Safety administration is the primitive criterion for any drug substance. To explore the safety and toxicity profiling of the novel polymer, this study was carried out. Vigna mungo novel polymer was isolated from the pulverised seeds of Vigna mungo which is part and parcel of our diet. This polymer is obtained using a non-solvent extraction method using acetone. Acute toxicity studies were performed according to the OECD guidelines 420. In this, the selected animal model is Swiss albino rats, grouped into control and test containing each three animals. 2000 mg/kg of Vigna mungo polymer was administered to a test group and did not produced any abnormalities and behavioural changes. Furthermore, histopathological studies, body weight, haematological parameters did not presented abnormal values. The observations found 2000mg/kg of a dose of the polymer did not cause lethality and death of any animal till 14 days of a period. It was concluded that Vigna mungo novel polymer is safe to administer up to 2000mg/kg dose. Hence, the novel Vigna mungo polymer is safer for therapeutic use in pharmaceutical formulations.

Acute and subacute toxicity assessment of Madhulai Manappagu (Siddha herbal syrup formulation) in animal model

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Sundaram Malayappan ◽  
Gayathri Natarajan ◽  
Logamanian Mockaiyathevar ◽  
Meenakumari Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Gross Pathology ◽  
Toxicity Studies

Abstract Objectives Madhulai Manappagu – a well-known sastric and widely prescribed Siddha herbal syrup formulation indicated for treating Veluppu Noi (Anaemia especially Iron deficiency Anaemia) has been in day today practice in Tamil Nadu for a quite longer decades. The syrup is a herbal preparation which has a sweet pleasant odour and a palatable taste, contain the juice of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) as the main ingredient. Though the formulation is a fruit juice, the safety profile of the syrup is not established and is being marketed without toxicological evaluation. The study is aimed at ascertaining the acute and sub-acute toxicity assessment of Madhulai Manappagu in Wistar Albino rats. Methods The acute and sub-acute (28day repeated oral) toxicity studies were performed as per the guidelines mentioned in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 423 (adopted on December 2001) and TG 407 (adopted on October 2008) with slight modifications respectively. For acute toxicity study, three female rats were randomly selected as control; three female rats were randomly selected and were administered a single dose of 5,000 mg/kg body weight per oral route. For sub-acute (28day repeated oral) toxicity studies, three doses of test drug MM of 500 mg/kg/day (low dose), 750 mg/kg/day (intermittent dose) and 1,000 mg/kg/day (high dose) were selected for administration. Both sexes of Wistar Albino rats were randomized into four groups of 10 animals each (five males, five females). Group I was kept as control group. Group II, III and IV served as low, intermittent and high doses of MM respectively. Animals were observed for mortality, morbidity, body weight changes, feed and water intake. Haematology, clinical biochemistry, electrolytes, gross pathology, relative organ weight and histopathological examination were performed. Results In the acute toxicity study, rats showed no toxicological signs on behavior, gross pathology and body weight of rats when treated with a single dose of 5,000 mg/kg body weight per oral route. In the subacute (28 days repeated oral) toxicity study, rats have showed no significant changes on behavior, gross pathology, body weight, and hematological and biochemical parameters when treated with Madhulai Manappagu in three different doses. Conclusions The toxicity studies which include both acute and 28 days repeated (subacute) oral toxicity studies, revealed no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of Madhulai Manappagu in animals. Thus the safety of the drug in human usage was ensured.

Preclinical Acute Toxicity Studies and Dosimetry Estimates of the Novel Sigma-1 Receptor Radiotracer, [18F]SFE

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 284-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikki N. Waterhouse ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Michael G. Stabin ◽  
Hanna Ng ◽  
Janice Schindler-Horvat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sigma 1 Receptor ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Sigma 1

scholarly journals Acute toxicity of Leaf extracts of Enydra fluctuans Lour in Zebrafish (Danio rerio Hamilton)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jobi Xavier ◽  
Kshetrimayum Kripasana
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Oral Acute Toxicity

AbstractThe present study was focused on the concentration dependent changes in oral acute toxicity of leaf extracts of E. fluctuans in zebrafish. The study was also aimed at the details of histopathological changes in gill, liver, brain and intestine of zebrafish exposed to the leaf extracts of the plant E. fluctuans. Enydra fluctuans Lour is an edible semi-aquatic herbaceous plant used widely for the alleviation of the different diseases. Since there were no toxicity studies conducted on this plant the present study was an attempt to look into the elements of toxicity of the plants. Two types of experiments are conducted in the present study. First, the acute oral toxicity study was conducted as per the OECD guidelines 203. Second, histopathological changes were observed in the fishes exposed to the lethal concentrations of plant extract. The oral acute toxicity studies conducted on Zebrafish have revealed that the leave extracts of E. fluctuans were toxic to the tested fish at the concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight. The histopathological studies conducted on intestine of treated fishes showed that treatment has induced rupturing of villi structure and fusion of villi membrane and detachment of villi structure from basal membrane of intestine. The histology of the liver also showed severe vacuolization in the cells while it is not affected in control. The studies on gills showed the detachment of basal epithelial membrane in gills compared to control which might have led to death of the fish. The histopathological observations of brain tissues treated with test samples also revealed the marked impingement in brain parenchyma while the control is normal without impingement of brain.

scholarly journals Toxicological Study of Leaf Extracts of Loranthus micranthus Linn Using Albino Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Ani Onuabuchi Nnenna ◽  
Ani Okwudili ◽  
Okwuosa Chukwugozie Nwachukwu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Serum Chloride ◽  
Chronic Doses ◽  
Haematological Indices

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of high sub-chronic doses of the aqueous and methanol leaf extracts of Loranthus micranthus on biochemical parameters of albino rats. Acute toxicity studies were performed according to standard methods. The animals were divided into 5 groups (n = 5). Aqueous and methanol extracts of L. micranthus leaves were administered in doses of 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight to four groups of rats respectively for 30 days through the intraperitoneal route. The fifth group served as control and received saline (5 ml/kg b.w, i.p). Blood samples were collected by retrorbital puncture and analyzed for biochemical and haematological parameters using assay kits. Acute toxicity studies indicated that both extracts had an LD50 >           5000 mg/kg. The results indicated significant (p<0.001) increases in alkaline phosphatase serum levels in both extract treated groups. The extracts also produced significant elevation in serum bilirubin levels when compared with normal control (p<0.05). Both extracts did not affect the levels of alanine and aspartate transaminases significantly (p>0.05). There were significant increase in the serum levels of urea in the extracts treated rats (p<0.05; p<0.01). The 2000 mg/kg aqueous extract produced significant increases in mean serum chloride and bicarbonate levels of treated rats when compared with control (p<0.01). The extracts produced significant decrease in the serum creatine kinase levels of treated rats in a non-dose related manner when compared with control (p<0.05). There were no significant changes in sodium and potassium levels of treated rats. The methanol extract had no significant effect on the haematological indices studied. The aqueous extract produced significant reductions in the haemoglobin and PCV of treated rats (p< 0.01). The total and differential leucocyte counts were not affected by extract treatment (p>0.05). From these results, the extracts caused significant biochemical changes but were not cytotoxic to leucocyte cell lines. Therefore, there should be caution in the long term use of these extracts.

scholarly journals TOXICOLOGICAL SCREENING OF A NOVEL SIDDHA POLYHERBAL FORMULATION “SIRINGIPAERATHI CHOORANAM”

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
VIJAYANIRMALA R. ◽  
ABINAYA R. ◽  
VELPANDIAN V.
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Piper Longum ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Objective: The aim of the present study is to validate the safety efficacy of “Siringipaerathi Chooranam” (SPC) in acute and sub-acute studies in the animal model. Methods: Siddha system of medicine is the one of the earliest systems of medicine, which was practiced by our spiritual scientists. It constitutes plants, animals, metals and mineral formulations. Chooranam are fine to dry powders of drugs. Hence I have preferred to choose “Siringipaerathi Chooranam” (SPC) which is indicated for hepatoprotective activity and it was prepared as per the classical Siddha literature. The adult wistar albino rats were used for acute toxicity for 14 d and sub-acute studies for 28 d as per OECD guidelines 423 and 407. The test drug was made Suspension with 2% CMC with uniform mixing and was administered to the groups of Wistar albino rats. The drugs were orally administered to the dosage in the levels of 100, 200 and 2000 mg/dose in acute and subacute studies. The ingredients of SPC are Inji (Zingiber officinalis), Milagu (Piper nigrum), Thippili (Piper longum), Thipili moolam (Root of Piper longum), Lavanga pathiri (Cinnamomum tamala),Elam (Elettaria cardamomum), Kodiveli ver (Plumbago zeylanica), Lavanga pattai (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), Moongil uppu (Bambusa arundinaceae), Sandhana thool (Santalum album), Vilamichu-ver (Plectranthus vettiveroides), Sathikkai (Myristica fragrans), Seeragam (Cuminum cyminum), Kirambu (Syzygium aromaticum), Sugar (Saccharum officinarum), Nei (Ghee). Results: The present investigation shows that there were no significant toxicity changes seen during the study. The body weight, food, water intake, behavioral, CNS, ANS, CVS, Vitals, Hematology, Biochemical and Histopathology of kidney, liver, spleen were observed both in control and test group animals were appears to be normal range. Conclusion: Thus the authors conclude from the results that the safety efficacy of SPC through acute and sub-acute toxicity studies in rodents.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of the Methanolic Extract of Dhatryadi Ghrita in Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Saxena Pal ◽  
Amrita Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Safety Parameters ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Background:Dhatryadi ghrita consists of dhatri, is known to have number of curative properties since ages. It does not causes any toxic or adverse effect, but there is no scientific evidence available.Objective:The present piece of research is aimed to study the toxic effects in order to lay down the safety parameters of methanolic extract obtained from Dhatryadi Ghrita in wistar rats (180-200g) as per the standards set by The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development or OECD.Materials and Methods:Group 1 was used as a control for comparing the behavior of rats from all groups which were administered extracts of different concentrations. The animals in Group 2 were administered a dose of 1000, Group 3, 2000, and Group 4, 3000, respectively in the units of mg/kg and Group 5 were given a dose of 4000 mg/kg accordingly.Results:The acute toxicity studies of the experiment dealing with different doses as varying from 1000-4000 mg/kg, which did not resulted in any death of any animal till 14 days of observation in the experimentation period.Conclusion:Dhatryadi Ghrita is safe in rodent and mice. Hence, the extract is safer for therapeutic use in pharmaceutical formulations. Ghrita in different concentrations were found to be completely safe and non-toxic under acute toxicity studies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antipyretic and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Aqueous Extract of Leptadenia Reticulata in Animal Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha Bherji ◽  
M. Ganga Raju ◽  
Namile Divya
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

<strong>Objective:</strong> To study the antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects of the Aqueous Extract of <em>Leptadenia Reticulata</em> (AELR) in different animal models. <strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: Acute toxicity studies were performed and extract was found to be safe upto 2000 mg/kg. Two doses were selected for the "evaluation of antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of <em>Leptadenia reticulata</em> in animal models" i.e 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg b. w. Antipyretic activity was evaluated using baker's yeast induced pyrexia in albino rats and cow milk induced pyrexia in albino rabbits. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan induced paw edema and turpentine oil induced paw edema in albino rats. <strong>Results</strong>: In all the animal models AELR at the dose of 200 mg/kg b.w and 400 mg/kg b.w showed significant (P&lt;0.01) antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: These finding could justify the inclusion of aqueous extract of <em>Leptadenia reticulata</em> in the management of pyrexia and inflammation.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Acute Toxicity and Subchronic Toxicity of Hydroethanolic Extract of “Shirishadi”- A Polyherbal Ayurvedic Compound in Rodents

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 567-576
Author(s):  
Kajaria Divya ◽  
Tripathi J. S ◽  
Tiwari. S. K. ◽  
Pandey. B. L
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Hematological Parameter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract ◽  
Solanum Xanthocarpum

ABSTRACT: This study was aimed at evaluating the safety profile, acute and subchronic toxicity of Shirishadi polyherbal ayurvedic compound in rodents, commonly used in the treatment of Bronchial Asthma. Acute toxicity was evaluated in wister albino rats by administering orally graded doses of extract of Albezzia lebbeck, Cyperus rotandus and Solanum xanthocarpum (Shirishadi Compound) in the dose of 2000, 5000 mg/kg, 10, and 20 g/kg body weight of animal and observed continuously for first 4 h and hourly for next 12 h, then 8 hourly for next 56 h (72 h, acute toxicity study). The study had been strictly followed the OECD guidance. Adult Wister albino rats were divided into 3 groups with 5 animals in each group and a control group, fed with doses of 5, 100 mg and 150 mg/ml once in a day for 30 days. Effect of drug was evaluated on hematological parameter after every 7 days and histological study was done after sacrificing the animals on 31st day. The median acute toxicity value (LD50) of the extract was found to be infinite and drug was found to be totally non toxic as after ingestion of 20 g no animal found to be dead. Hematological profile shows no abnormal elevation in level of Serum-Bilirubin, GOT, GPT, urea and creatinine. There was no any evidence of toxicity in histopathological studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document