scholarly journals JUVENILE JUSTICE METHODS: HISTORIC BACKGROUND, CURRENT SITUATION AND OPPORTUNITIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Михаил Григорьевич Фролов
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Juvenile Crime ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Background Current ◽  
Prevention System ◽  
Criminal Matters ◽  
Historic Background

В статье дан исторический экскурс внедрения ювенальных технологий в России. Исследованы различные аспекты правового регулирования уголовно-правовых отношений с участием несовершеннолетних, включая коллизии современного правосудия и пенитенциарной практики. С учетом анализа отечественного опыта, накопленного в ходе реализации ювенальных проектов, и зарубежных ювенальных практик сформулированы предложения по совершенствованию деятельности системы предупреждения преступности несовершеннолетних. The article provides a historical overview of the implementation of the juvenile justice methods in Russia. Different aspects of the legal regulation of criminal matters involving minors, especially in the light of the contradictions in contemporary justice and penitentiary practice, have been investigated. The author makes a proposal for improving the juvenile crime prevention system taking into account the domestic and foreign juvenile experience.

scholarly journals Juvenile Justice as a Guarantee for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Sergey E. Smirnykh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Juvenile Crime ◽  
Delinquency Prevention ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right

The article deals with the issues of international legal cooperation in the sphere of juvenile justice as a guarantee of juvenile delinquency prevention. It is stated that one of the most important rights of children in the sphere of juvenile crime prevention is the right of children for protection from crime and its harmful consequences. The world community and individual states need to prevent children’s contact with criminals, who have a particularly negative impact on children, given their special needs related to their age and development. Prevention of juvenile delinquency should be aimed at preventing the involvement of juveniles in criminal activities. Juvenile justice is the most effective way to prevent juvenile delinquency.

scholarly journals Juvenile Delinquency Prevention: the Experience of the USA and New Zealand

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-608
Author(s):  
Natalia Dorodonova ◽  
Ekaterina Evstifeeva ◽  
Ekaterina Ilgova
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Juvenile Crime ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Model Base ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Unlawful Conduct

The paper presents a comparative legal analysis of the legislative regulation aimed at preventing minors from committing crimes and offenses in the USA and New Zealand. The authors describe the structures of state agencies responsible for preventing minors from committing crimes and offenses. The presented analysis of international legal norms and standards shows that juvenile crime prevention is an important part of juvenile justice in other countries; it is aimed at the rehabilitation of minors in the society, creation of favorable conditions and the influence, if necessary, on the minors family. The authors note that juvenile justice models and prevention programs differ from country to country because every country has its own specific economic, social and political conditions. The countries that use the punitive model base their juvenile crime prevention on the concept of ensuring control over crime, on an accusatory attitude towards minors. The restorative model is aimed at ensuring the social rehabilitation of a juvenile delinquent, at correcting his/her unlawful conduct, at preventing repeat offenses. The authors examine the experience of prevention programs and initiatives that could be used by Russian agencies dealing with juvenile crime prevention. They present statistical data on juvenile crime in the USA and New Zealand in 2009-2016. The authors conclude that it is possible to use American and New Zealand experience in juvenile crime prevention for the improvement of the national strategy of preventing juvenile crimes and offenses and counteracting them.

THE PECULIARITIES OF CRIME PREVENTION BY OPERATIONAL UNITS IN PENAL INSTITUTIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Ксения Ивановна Голубцова
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Meaningful Information ◽  
Penal Institutions ◽  
The One ◽  
Negative Factors

Статья посвящена рассмотрению проблем профилактики преступлений оперативными подразделениями исправительных учреждений (далее - ИУ). Автор, раскрывая роль оперативных отделов ИУ в общей профилактике правонарушений, указывает на ее двоякость, поскольку, с одной стороны, рассматриваемые подразделения обладают значительным преимуществом перед другими службами учреждения в выявлении негативных факторов (негласный метод получения оперативно значимой информации), с другой стороны - далеко не все условия, которые способствуют совершению преступлений в ИУ, можно устранить оперативным путем. Изучение специальной литературы позволило выявить в деятельности начальников ИУ определенные проблемы, связанные с оценкой состояния оперативной обстановки в ИУ, сложившейся ситуации; с отсутствием прогноза развития криминогенной ситуации в ИУ, а также с профессиональной некомпетентностью руководителей, неумением объективно оценивать результаты деятельности структурных подразделений. Автор особое внимание уделяет анализу статистических данных о совершенных и предотвращенных преступлениях лицами, находящимися в местах лишения свободы. The article is devoted to the consideration of problems of crime prevention by operational units of correctional institutions (hereinafter referred to as IA). The author, revealing the role of the operational departments of the IA in the general prevention of offences, points to its twofold. On the one hand, the units under consideration have significant advantages over other services of the institution in identifying negative factors (these are tacit methods of obtaining promptly meaningful information). On the other hand, not all conditions conducive to the commission of crimes in IA can be eliminated by operational means: For example, shortcomings in the activities of other departments and services (security department, duty shift, etc.). The study of special literature has made it possible to identify problems in the activities of heads of correctional institutions in the sphere of implementation of solutions in case of lack of objective and complete information on the state of the operational situation in IA, the current situation, the results of the activities of structural subdivisions; No forecast of the development of the crime situation in IE; Professional incompetence of managers, inability to objectively assess the results of activities of structural subdivisions. The author pays particular attention to the analysis of statistics on crimes committed and prevented by persons in detention.

scholarly journals ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL REGULATION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF JUVENILE JUSTICE IN THE ENSURING OF CHILD RIGHTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (20) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Veselov
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
The Law ◽  
Keywords Child ◽  
Legal Mechanism

Problem setting. Legal regulation is an integral component of the administrative and legal mechanism for ensuring the functioning of juvenile justice, through which the state regulates relevant social relations through law and the totality of legal means. Recent research and publications analysis. The following Ukrainian scientists tried to conceptually solve these issues: Ya. Kvitka, V. Levchenko, O. Maksimenko, N. Lesko, I. Ishchenko, O. Navrotsky. Paper objective. The purpose of the study is to obtain scientific and applied results on the presentation of options for legislative support of juvenile justice in other countries and to formulate proposals for improving the administrative and legal regulation of juvenile justice in Ukraine. Paper main body. The analysis of the legislation of other countries indicates that there are several conditional models of legal regulation of the peculiarities of ensuring the rights of the child in the exercise of juvenile justice. This division is based on the following criteria, such as the existence of a law in the country that establishes the general principles of the judicial and extrajudicial, administrative and legal protection of children’s rights; the existence of a separate law on juvenile justice, which codifies all the rules of law that determine the peculiarities of criminal proceedings against children; the existence of a separate law on juvenile justice, but which establishes the general principles of the operation of juvenile justice, public administration in this area, prevention of offenses, etc. Conclusions of the research. The expediency of adopting the Law on Juvenile Justice in Ukraine, which, in its content, will mainly be an act of administrative and legal nature, the Law «On Ensuring the Rights of the Child in Ukraine», the Law «On the Ombudsman of Ukraine» is substantiated. Keywords: child, minor, legal regulation, administrative law, juvenile justice, justice.

scholarly journals Discrepancy between the Theory and Practice of Crime Prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-612
Author(s):  
Igor’ M. Matskevich
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Prevention System ◽  
Preventive Work ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Prevention Of Crime ◽  
Selection Of

Introduction: the article considers the concept of prevention in several aspects (social prevention, criminological prevention, situational prevention, evolutionary prevention). We describe the subjects implementing the prevention of offenses and consider the issue of public participation in this process in historical and modern periods. We focus our attention on the prevention of new crimes in the institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service, emphasize its importance during the period of serving a sentence (educational techniques and methods) and after release (interaction of probation inspectorates with law enforcement agencies for the re-socialization of released convicts). We outline possible risks and difficulties of organizing crime prevention together with public organizations: determining preferences for activists; politicization of preventive work (obtaining additional electoral points); selection of activists (preventing the involvement of representatives of the criminal environment). In the context of considering ways to improve prevention, much attention is paid to the prevention of crime through technological innovations: control over people’s movement using a mobile phone; analysis of web browsing history; computer programs for crime prevention; compilation and maintenance of federal database programs; chipping, etc. The study is based on the accumulated experience of implementing preventive work, which is described in the sections “Prevention yesterday” and “Prevention today”. The article analyzes examples of crime prevention in Thailand, the U.S. etc., and reflects the results of implementation of the “Safe City” program in Moscow. The methodological basis of this study is represented by the axiological approach. Research problems were addressed with the use of general philosophical principles of dialectics and special methods of cognition: systematic, formal-legal, sociological, etc. Results: the public remains the most important element of the prevention system. It is necessary to develop and legally consolidate the relevant activities, for example, as it is done in Article 11 of the Federal Law “On the fundamentals of the system for prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency”. Legal education should be the main weapon in the hands of the subjects of prevention. Elimination of crime should become the main direction of prevention.

Juvenile Crime and Juvenile Justice

2018 ◽  
pp. 265-276
Author(s):  
Julian V. Roberts ◽  
Loretta J. Stalans
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Juvenile Crime
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