scholarly journals Foreword

10.26458/1741 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Elena Gurgu
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
Important Trend ◽  
World Economic

At the end of 2017, according to World Economic Forum Agenda, it seems that economic competitiveness matters, but not as an end in itself. It matters because nations that are more competitive are more productive, and are therefore more able to provide for the social needs of their people. The world has changed dramatically over the last decade, and measuring the factors that determine competitiveness continues to be a highly complex process. It is certainly true that the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) – new, rapidly changing technologies in many different fields – has changed the way we need to measure some aspects of competitiveness, particularly in relation to innovation and ideas. We need to stress, for example, the value of ideas and collaboration within companies; the values of open-mindedness, of connectivity, and the value of an entrepreneurial spirit. And we have had to emphasize a new kind of education: one that is more conducive to students’ creativity, their ability to observe and generate ideas. The new industrial revolution, also known as the 4IR, has forced us to put more emphasis on all these aspects of a nation’s innovation ecosystem. The appearance of very disruptive technologies has been incredibly rapid. If we go back 10 years, the iPhone didn’t even exist. We have seen huge developments in artificial intelligence, new materials, synthetic biology, big data and on-demand technologies, and all these are changing the business landscape at a planetary level. Significantly, many of these innovations did not occur in those countries where technology used to be produced almost monopolistically. It is no longer the case that only the US and Europe innovate; the new industrial revolution has created opportunities for nations across the globe. This is a hugely important trend.

scholarly journals A theory of the US innovation ecosystem: evolution and the social value of diversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Arora ◽  
Sharon Belenzon ◽  
Andrea Patacconi
Keyword(s):  
Social Value ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
Ecosystem Evolution

States, Revolutionary Conflict and Democracy: El Salvador and Nicaragua in Comparative Perspective

1987 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Soberg Shugart
Keyword(s):  
El Salvador ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Democratic Regime ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Bases ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government

EL SALVADOR AND NICARAGUA, TWO SOCIETIES WHICH HAVE recently experienced revolutionary conflict, have also embarked upon electoral processes. The US government cdls El Salvador's regime ‘democratic’ and aids its fight against leftist revolutionaries, while calling Nicaragua's regime ‘totalitarian’ and its elections a sham. What would democracy in these countries require and what are democracy's prospects?One criterion of democracy, opposition or competitiveness, is insufficient because it says nothing about the social bases of competing elites. In order to provide some guarantee that a regime will be responsive to politicized social needs, we must stress the criterion of participation or inclusiveness as a necessary condition for democracy. In a context of intense conflict a democratic regime must allow all sectors – or rather their representatives chosen in competitive elections – to participate in decisions which will affect them. Such a regime's prospects for success are further enhanced by pacts of mutual guarantees of security among the contending actors, as in the consociational democracies.

scholarly journals Termodinâmica e Revolução industrial: Uma abordagem por meio da História Cultural da Ciência

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 71-97
Author(s):  
Geilson Rodrigues Da Silva ◽  
Nádia Cristina Guimarães Errobidart
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Interest In Science ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Narrative Format ◽  
Didactic Material

ResumoO Ensino de Ciências ainda apresenta vertentes que prezam por práticas pautadas predominantemente na repetição e memorização de exercícios. Essa abordagem leva a dificuldades de aprendizagem dos discentes, bem como, o desinteresse pela ciência e pelo seu processo de construção. Uma das formas de romper com essa abordagem trata-se da utilização da História Cultural Científica no qual a ciência é vista como integrante da cultura humana. Assim sendo, objetivamos elaborar um material didático em formato de texto narrativo histórico que contemplasse a abordagem cultural científica da Termodinâmica pautados nas abordagens internalista e externalista. Para isso utilizamos da pesquisa bibliográfica em fontes secundárias, com o intuito de elucidar as contribuições culturais e científicas da Revolução Industrial para o desenvolvimento da Termodinâmica. Deste modo, foi possível elucidar as necessidades sociais que foram predominantes para o aperfeiçoamento das máquinas térmicas e a evolução dos processos técnicos para os científicos que culminaram nas leis da Termodinâmica. Diante disso, a visão internalista e externalista, foram abordadas de forma integradas permitindo que a narrativa histórica seja uma possibilidade de abordagem da História Cultural Científica.Palavras-chave: Estudo do Calor; História da Ciência; Máquinas Térmicas.AbstractThe teaching of science still presents aspects that emphasize practices based predominantly on repetition and memorization of exercises. This approach leads to learning difficulties of students, as well as the lack of interest in science and its construction process. One of the ways to break with this approach is the use of scientific Cultural history in which science is seen as a member of human culture. Thus, we aim to elaborate a didactic material in a historical narrative format that contemfaced the scientific cultural approach of thermodynamics based on internalist and externalist approaches. For this we use the bibliographic research in secondary sources, with the aim of eluciding the cultural and scientific contributions of the Industrial Revolution for the development of thermodynamics. Thus, it was possible to elucidates the social needs that were predominant for the improvement of the thermal machines and the evolution of the technical processes for the scientific ones that culminated in the laws of thermodynamics. In view of this, the internalist and Externalist vision, were approached in an integrated way allowing the historical narrative to be a possibility of approaching the scientific Cultural historyKeywords: Heat Study; History of Science; Industrial Revolution.

scholarly journals 'Solve for India, Solve for the World’: Strategies of India to Lead with New Age Disruptive Technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S3) ◽  
pp. 1511-1516
Keyword(s):  
Data Analytics ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Age ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Government

New age technologies like Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence, Data Analytics, Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, Data Analytics, also known as Industry 4.0 has become integral part of business organizations in developed countries. India along with other developing countries is also in the race to adopt these new disruptive technologies to bring in more efficiencies in the business processes. Though India was late to get into the 4IR wagon but it is trying hard to catch up with the major players globally. Establishment of Center for the Fourth Industrial Revolution, by World Economic Forum is a major achievement of the Government of India to catch up with the other countries globally, but there are several challenges which needs to addressed simultaneously, This paper focus on the level of adoption of these technologies in India, future prospects and the challenges being faced in successful adoption of these technologies.

The Social Impact of Suffering: Physical Pain Thwarts Social Needs

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Riva ◽  
James H. Wirth ◽  
Kipling D. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
The Social

Entrepreneurial Education - a New Challenge for Universities in Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Gabriel Croitoru ◽  
Mircea Constantin Duica ◽  
Dorin Claudiu Manolache ◽  
Mihaela Ancuta Banu
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Business Decision ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Entrepreneurial spirit plays an increasingly important role in the economic sphere, and universities are meant to play a central role in this process, where the main objective is the continuous development and mediation of the knowledge increasingly geared to the applications through innovation and patenting a secure platform for employment and well-being growth. The Universities have to take a position in if/and how they want to grow into a so-called “University of Entrepreneurship” which is characterized by a high degree of openness to the surrounding society and here we are talking, especially, about, the business sector in Romania. This evolution of expectations for the social role of universities has resulted from increased and recent interest in entrepreneurship and innovation of areas as research and theory of the business environment. The experience gained as teachers indicates that education and entrepreneurship education should include different theories and methodology than those applied in the usual way. The theory of traditional management and microeconomic models could even be a barrier to new thinking and change and, therefore, to the implementation of modern entrepreneurial actions. We want this article to be a source of inspiration for educational institutions and to have a positive contribution to research in business education and to be applicable in business decision-making.

Challenges for income generation methods in monopoly companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-64
Author(s):  
Ali Zurapov
Keyword(s):  
Market Competition ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Technical Base ◽  
Fundamental Goal ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Commercial Organization

In conditions of market competition, the fundamental goal of any commercial organization is to obtain the greatest profit, which directly depends on the amount of income received and expenses incurred. Current paper discuses  about main source of development of the material and technical base of the enterprise, replenishment of its own working capital, ensuring the social needs of the companies. Main objectivity is income factor in the stability of the existence and progress of the monopoly companies. In this regard, the management of the income of the organization is currently quite an urgent task for every giant entrepreneur. The article reveals the essence, purpose, objectives and measures in the field of enterprise revenue management. On the example of a particular enterprise, a dynamic and structural analysis of its revenues is carried out.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Whyman
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
History Of The Book ◽  
Formal Schooling ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Literate Society

The introduction shows the convergence and intertwining of the Industrial Revolution and the provincial Enlightenment. At the centre of this industrial universe lay Birmingham; and at its centre was Hutton. England’s second city is described in the mid-eighteenth century, and Hutton is used as a lens to explore the book’s themes: the importance of a literate society shared by non-elites; the social category of ‘rough diamonds’; how individuals responded to economic change; political participation in industrial towns; shifts in the modes of authorship; and an analysis of social change. The strategy of using microhistory, biography, and the history of the book is discussed, and exciting new sources are introduced. The discovery that self-education allowed unschooled people to participate in literate society renders visible people who were assumed to be illiterate. This suggests that eighteenth-century literacy was greater than statistics based on formal schooling indicate.

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