Enacting a Latinx Decolonial Politic of Belonging: Latinx Community Workers’ Experiences Negotiating Identity and Citizenship in Toronto, Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-286
Author(s):  
Madelaine Cahuas ◽  
Alexandra Arraiz Matute

This paper explores how women and non-binary Latinx Community Workers (LCWs) in Toronto, Canada, negotiate their identities, citizenship practices and politics in relation to settler colonialism and decolonization. We demonstrate how LCWs enact a Latinx decolonial politic of belonging, an alternative way of practicing citizenship that strives to simultaneously challenge both Canadian and Latin American settler colonialism. This can be seen when LCWs refuse to be recognized on white settler terms as “proud Canadians,” and create community-based learning initiatives that incite conversations among everyday Latinx community members around Canada’s settler colonial history and present, Indigenous worldviews, as well as race and settler colonialism in Latin America. We consider how LCWs’ enactments of a Latinx decolonial politic of belonging serve as small, incomplete, but crucial steps towards decolonization. 

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Sidney Xu Lu

Abstract This article explains how the US westward expansion influenced and stimulated Japanese migration to Brazil. Emerging in the nineteenth century as expanding powers in East Asia and Latin America, respectively, both Meiji Japan and post-independence Brazil looked to the US westward expansion as a central reference for their own processes of settler colonialism. The convergence of Japan and Brazil in their imitation of US settler colonialism eventually brought the two sides together at the turn of the twentieth century to negotiate for the start of Japanese migration to Brazil. This article challenges the current understanding of Japanese migration to Brazil, conventionally regarded as a topic of Latin American ethnic studies, by placing it in the context of settler colonialism in both Japanese and Brazilian histories. The study also explores the shared experiences of East Asia and Latin America as they felt the global impact of the American westward expansion.


2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-566
Author(s):  
Dario Gaggio

In the aftermath of World War II, Italy’s centrist leaders saw in the emerging US empire an opportunity to implement emigration schemes that had been in circulation for decades. Hundreds of thousands of Italian peasant farmers could perhaps be able to settle on Latin American and African land thanks to the contribution of US capital. This article examines the Italian elites’ obsession with rural colonization abroad as the product of their desire to valorize the legacy of Italy's settler colonialism in Libya and thereby reinvent Italy's place in the world in the aftermath of military defeat and decolonization. Despite the deep ambivalence of US officials, Italy received Marshall Plan funds to carry out experimental settlements in several Latin American countries. These visions of rural settlement also built on the nascent discourses about the ‘development’ of non-western areas. Despite the limited size and success of the Italian rural ‘colonies’ in Latin America, these projects afford a window into the politics of decolonization, the character of US hegemony at the height of the Cold War, and the evolving attitude of Latin American governments towards immigration and rural development. They also reveal the contradictory relationships between Italy's leaders and the country's rural masses, viewed as redundant and yet precious elements to be deployed in a global geopolitical game.


Author(s):  
Minkie O. English ◽  
Rozanne Dioso-Lopez ◽  
Salika A. Lawrence

An exploratory and descriptive case study of the experiences of secondary learners at a community-based learning center on the Caribbean coast in Latin America, this study explores how the Casa Morpho Community of Learners (CoL) model met the socio-emotional (SEL) and literacy needs of adolescents within various virtual environments during the quarantine in Costa Rica. Using lesson plans, teachers' reflective notes, and a developed Learners reflective survey, the following questions were addressed: 1) How did Casa Morpho's curriculum support learners in virtual environments, and with their SEL and literacy needs during the COVID-19 pandemic? 2) What practices were used and how do learners perceive those experiences?


Author(s):  
Michela Giovannini ◽  
Marcelo Vieta

This chapter focuses on co-operatives in four representative Latin American countries—Argentina, Chile, Cuba, and Mexico—in order to highlight their historical trajectories, evolutionary trends, and potential for further development. These representative countries reflect the range of co-operative development in Latin America, both historically and contemporaneously. Each country, for instance, shows different paths of co-operative development related to, among other factors, different levels of support by their governments, community-based responses to neoliberal policies, and varying connections to broader social movements and other forms of grass-roots organizations. This chapter will also present a number of experiences that are of particular interest today in the region, such as worker-recuperated enterprises and other forms of workers’nself-management, indigenous co-operatives, community-owned agricultural co-operatives, co-operatives managing general-interest social services, and, most controversially, public-services and work-for-welfare co-operatives created by the state.


Author(s):  
Simone Weil Davis

Informed by my experiences in prison/university co-learning projects, this essay centres two community-based learning practices worth cultivating. First, what can happen when all participants truly prioritize what it means to build community as they address their shared project, co-discovering new ways of being and doing together, listening receptively and speaking authentically? How can project facilitators step beyond prescribed roles embedded in the charity paradigm of service-learning to invite and support egalitarian community and equity-driven decision-making from a project’s inception and development, through its unfolding and its assessment? Second, the sheer fact of a project taking place in the marginal place between two contexts gives all participants—students, faculty, community participants and hosts—the opportunity for meta-reflection on the institutional logics that construct and constrain our perspectives so acutely. What can we do, by way of project-conception and pedagogy, to open up those insights? The vantage that “the space between” provides can bring fresh understanding of the systemic forces at work in the lives of the community participants. And the university’s assumptions about itself and its place in the world can also suddenly appear strange and new, objects of scrutiny for students and community members both.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaiane Moreira de Oliveira ◽  
Francisco Paulo Jamil Marques ◽  
Augusto Veloso Leão ◽  
Afonso de Albuquerque ◽  
Jose Luiz Aidar Prado ◽  
...  

There is growing consensus among the scientific community members about the urgency of debating ways to promote Open Science (OS). However, the notion of OS itself has been highly controversial, encompassing different meanings and values. Two distinct conceptions have emerged: the first highlights principles such as acceleration, efficiency, and reproducibility; the second perspective is grounded in participation, social justice, and democratization of knowledge. Both models accomplish distinct goals while facing specific limits and challenges to improve scientific production. Even though the first conception has become more celebrated among some top-ranked journals, we question approaches that standardize scientific practices, neglect global diversity, and undermine the importance of local contexts. By discussing the pioneering role that researchers and journals in Latin America have played toward a pluralistic interpretation of OS, this article contributes to a more nuanced understanding of scientific production in the Global South.


Author(s):  
Lisa Garoutte ◽  
Kate McCarthy-Gilmore

One goal of service and community-based learning is to produce students who are more tightly engaged in the larger communities surrounding their institutions. Drawing on data from three courses, we argue that an asset-based approach plays a role in creating authentic campus-community partnerships that strive to engage students as members of the community from the outset and throughout their service learning courses. Asset-based activities help students come to understand the value of relationships amongst community members while also underscoring the value of their individual role in this group.  As such, students are more prepared for future work within the community.


Author(s):  
Edilaine Albertino Moraes ◽  
Marta de Azevedo Irving ◽  
Joana da Silva Castro Santos ◽  
Hugo Quintanilha Silva Santos ◽  
Maycon Correia Pinto

O desenvolvimento de iniciativas designadas como turismo de base comunitária (TBC) vem ocorrendo, de maneira progressiva, na América Latina. Essa proposta tem como premissa fundamental a base endógena em planejamento e desenvolvimento do turismo que tem sido interpretada como uma oportunidade para a melhoria de qualidade de vida por inúmeros grupos sociais, como pescadores artesanais, etnias indígenas, agricultores familiares, populações extrativistas, camponeses, entre outros, que vivem em situação de vulnerabilidade social e ambiental e à margem de processos dominantes de projetos turísticos. Outro aspecto importante associado às iniciativas de TBC são as estratégias políticas de grupos organizados e de movimentos sociais para a garantia e a preservação de territórios por eles ocupados tradicionalmente, como acontece com os movimentos indígenas e do campo em diversos países da América Latina. Esses processos coletivos têm contribuído para que o TBC venha sendo organizado por meio de coletivos, redes e alianças locais, nacionais e latino-americanas. Um exemplo emblemático desse tipo de organização do TBC nessa região tem se configurado por meio da Rede de Turismo Comunitário da América Latina (REDTURS), que foi criada em 2001, com o objetivo de articular redes que vêm sendo construídas em diferentes escalas local e nacional, com a finalidade de diversificar as possibilidades de emprego e renda, de valorizar a cultura local e de fomentar o associativismo. Essa iniciativa vem influenciando outras práticas na região. Com base nesses antecedentes, o presente artigo tem o objetivo de refletir sobre como se configura o movimento de TBC em rede na América Latina, com ênfase no caso da REDTURS. Para tal, a metodologia adotada se baseou em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental para orientar a fundamentação conceitual sobre o tema. Para a interpretação do caso da REDTURS, buscou-se também a análise de documentação técnica vinculada a essa experiência no período de 2001 a 2008. Os dados obtidos na pesquisa indicam inúmeras fragilidades e potencialidades no estabelecimento de relações e alianças formais e informais, baseadas em princípios de solidariedade, para a promoção de intercâmbio e compartilhamento de informação, conhecimento e recursos no processo de construção coletiva de redes no campo do turismo de base comunitária. Community-based tourism networks: reflections in the Latin American context The development of initiatives known as community-based tourism (CBT) has been taking place gradually, in Latin America. This proposal has as its fundamental premise, the endogenous basis on planning and development of tourism which has been interpreted as an opportunity to improve quality of life for countless social groups such as artisanal fishermen, indigenous groups, family farmers, extractive population, peasants, among others living in situations of social and environmental vulnerability and in the margins of the dominant processes of tourism projects. Another important aspect associated with CBT initiatives are political strategies of organized groups and social movements to guarantee the preservation of the territories traditionally occupied by them, as it happens with indigenous and rural movements in several Latin American countries. These collective processes have been contributing to the CBT organization through local, national and Latin American collective, local networks and alliances. An emblematic example of this type of CBT organization in this region has been set up through the Community Tourism Network of Latin America (REDTURS), which was established in 2001 with the objective of coordinating networks that have been built in different local and national levels, with the purpose of diversifying sources of employment and income, valuing local culture and promoting partnerships. This initiative has been influencing other practices in the region. Based on this background, this article aims to reflect on how to configure the movement of the CBT network in Latin America, with emphasis in the case of REDTURS. For this, the methodology adopted was based on bibliographical and documentary research to guide the conceptual foundation on the subject. For the interpretation of the case of REDTURS, it was also sought the analysis of technical documentation linked to this experience in the period from 2001 to 2008. The data obtained in the survey indicate numerous weaknesses and capabilities of the relations and formal and informal alliances, based on principles of solidarity to promote exchange and sharing of information, knowledge and resources in the process of collective construction of networks in the community-based tourism field. KEYWORDS: Networks, Community Based Tourism; Alliances; Exchange; Latin America.


1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
S B Hecht

A recent issue of Society and Space was concerned with regional planning in Latin America. The papers focused either on sweepingly macrolevel analysis or on local community-based development strategies. This paper is an outline of some of the problems with this discourse as it was presented in the journal, and it is suggested that both groups have neglected the theoretical, empirical, and practical importance of ‘middle level’ analyses. It is at this level where the larger processes and local dynamics unfold, and where the real constraints and contingencies occur. Given the current complexity of Latin American development processes, comforting notions about transnational corporations or romantic views of community development will not advance our analytics or address the practical challenges.


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