scholarly journals Assessing the Cascading Effect of Energy and Transport Critical Infrastructure Elements: Case Study 

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Veronika Brabcova ◽  
Simona Slivkova ◽  
David Rehak ◽  
Fulvio Toseroni ◽  
Jan Havko
Keyword(s):  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Critical Energy ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Cascading Effect ◽  
Introductory Part ◽  
Infrastructure System

This article focuses on the issue of assessing the cascading effects of critical energy and transport infrastructure elements at the fundamental level. The introductory part deals with the typology of failures and their impacts, which spread through the critical infrastructure system. At this stage, the paper presents current approaches to assessing the cascading effects and, in particular, addresses a newly developed assessment methodology. The following part defines the initial conditions of assessment and describes selected elements from the areas of energy and rail transport to which the methodology will be subsequently applied. The main part of the article is a case study of the proposed methodology, assessing the cascading effects by calculating the value of their risks, depending on the resilience and correlation of the rated elements.

Transport Infrastructures Safety and Security

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-62
Author(s):  
Zdenek Dvorak ◽  
Bohus Leitner ◽  
Lenka Mocova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
European Level ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Current State ◽  
Introductory Part

The chapter focuses on explaining the causal links between security and safety within the transport infrastructure. The chapter presents the current state of protection and resilience of the transport infrastructure in Europe. The introductory part will focus on comparative analysis of the latest information on transport infrastructure. In addition, an overview of current European transport infrastructure directives and legal acts will be included. This will be followed by an analysis of the results of scientific research projects at European level. As a case study, the state of security and safety in the transport infrastructure of the Slovak Republic will be presented. The following will be a generalized set of recommendations to improve security and safety in the transport infrastructure. The chapter will be supplemented by relevant sources of information on the issues addressed.

scholarly journals Critical Infrastructure Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Pye
Keyword(s):  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
System Security ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Potential System ◽  
Infrastructure System ◽  
Critical Infrastructure System

A system security analysis and system modelling framework tool is proposed adopting an associated conceptual methodology as the basis for assessing security and conceptually modelling a critical infrastructure system incident. The intent is to identify potential system security issues and gain operational insights that will contribute to improving system resilience, contingency planning, disaster recovery and ameliorating incident management responses for critical infrastructure system incidents. The aforementioned system security analysis and modelling framework is applied to an adverse critical infrastructure system incident case study. This paper reports on the practical application of the framework to a case study of an actual critical infrastructure system failure and the resultant incident implications for the system and the wider regional communities.

Interdependent critical infrastructures resilience: methodology and case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Robert ◽  
Luciano Morabito ◽  
Irène Cloutier ◽  
Yannick Hémond
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Coherence Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Infrastructure Systems ◽  
Infrastructure System ◽  
Good For

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a coherence analysis to evaluate the resilience for a critical infrastructure (CI). This is the new way to evaluate the CI and demonstrate that the authors need to pass from the protection towards resilience. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use two approaches for this research. First is a consequence-based approach to evaluate the resilience. This approach has been used many times for evaluating the interdependencies between CIs. The second is a systemic approach to characterize the system and doing the coherence analysis. Findings – This paper presents a methodology to evaluate the coherence in a context of CIs protection. The coherence analysis in resilience is a new concept and the first result to the application seems very good for the user of the research. Originality/value – The originality of this paper is the coherence analysis applied to a resilience evaluation. The criteria for coherence analysis is innovative and it is a new way to consider the resilience and the relation between an organization and it is partners. Another value is the need for a wider scope in the analysis of hazards and how to address them that includes the infrastructure system itself, but also other related organizations and infrastructure systems.

scholarly journals Case study of the cascading effects on critical infrastructure in Torbay coastal/pluvial flooding with climate change and 3D visualisation

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Gibson ◽  
A. S. Chen ◽  
M. Khoury ◽  
L. S. Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia ◽  
D. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Potential Risks

Abstract Critical infrastructures (CIs) are commonly designed, built and maintained based on rigorous standards in order to withstand the climate and weather-related pressures. However, shifts in climate characteristics may result in increases of the magnitude and frequency of potential risks, or expose specific CI to new or increased risks not previously considered. As vital components of the normal functioning of modern societies, their resilience encompasses the operational elements, their structural integrity and the capacity to maximise business output under climate stressors. In this work, we apply an integrated and participatory methodological approach to assess the risk and enhance the resilience of interconnected CIs to urban flooding under climate change. The proposed methodology has been applied to an extended case study in Torbay to extend previous works, which seeks to protect coastal communities from future events through using the proposed methodology to justify future investment in coastal defences, as a part of the validation of EU-CIRCLE projects developed methodologies.

scholarly journals Lahar Risk Assessment: the Case Study of Vulcano Island, Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Gattuso ◽  
Costanza Bonadonna ◽  
Corine Frischknecht ◽  
Sabatino Cuomo ◽  
Valerie Baumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Vulcano Island ◽  
Deposit Thickness ◽  
Sph Model

Abstract Lahars are rapid flows composed of water and volcaniclastic sediments, which have the potential to impact residential buildings and critical infrastructure as well as to disrupt critical services, especially in absence of a hazard-based land-use planning. Their destructive power is mostly associated with their velocity (related to flow rheology and surrounding topography) and to their ability to bury buildings and structures (related to the deposit thickness). The distance reached by lahars depends on their volume, on sediments/water ratio, as well as on the overall characteristics of the path where they propagate. Here we present a novel strategy for the assessment of risk associated with lahar inundation related both to flow velocity and deposit thickness using Vulcano island (Italy) as a case study. First, a range of hazard scenarios has been identified that are related to the mobilization by intense rain events of tephra fallout deposited on the slopes of the La Fossa cone by a future Vulcanian eruption. Second, a numerical model has been used to identify the potential lahar impact areas on the northern sector of Vulcano, where both residential and touristic facilities are present. In this specific case we have used the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) model that provides information on both flow velocity and deposit thickness. Finally, exposure and vulnerability surveys were carried out in order to compile risk maps for both lahar-flow velocity and final lahar-deposit thickness. Our analyses show the importance of carrying out accurate and detailed risk assessments exploring a variety of initial conditions in order to best quantify the potential damage and identify suitable mitigation strategies.

scholarly journals Analysing the Cascading Effects on Critical Infrastructure in Torbay Coastal/Pluvial Flooding with Climate Change

10.29007/cwx1 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gibson ◽  
Albert S Chen ◽  
Mehdi Khoury ◽  
Lydia Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia ◽  
Dave Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Eu

Critical Infrastructures (CIs) are commonly designed, built and maintained based on rigorous standards in order to withstand the climate and weather-related pressures. However, shifts in climate characteristics may result in increases of the magnitude and frequency of potential risks, or expose specific CI to new or increased risks not previously considered. As vital components of the normal functioning of modern societies, their resilience encompasses the operational elements, their structural integrity and the capacity to maximize business output under climate stressors. In this work, we propose an integrated and participatory methodological approach to assess the risk and enhance the resilience of interconnected CIs to urban flooding under climate change. The proposed methodology has been applied to the Torbay case study in the EU-CIRCLE project that is also presented in the paper.

The Preparedness of Communities around Cilacap Industrial Companies in facing Tsunami Treats

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
I. Dewa Ketut Kerta Widana ◽  
Faisol Abdul Kharis ◽  
Miftahul Huda Fendiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Cascading Effect ◽  
Industrial Companies ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
Industrial Company

Some vital industries in Cilacap Regency such as PT Pertamina (Persero) Refinery Unit IV Cilacap, PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk Cilacap Factory, PT Dharmapala Usaha Sukses Cilacap and PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja Palembang Fertilizer Empowerment Unit Cilacap are located close to the southern coast of Java that has the potential to be exposed to the tsunami. If the industrial company is affected by the tsunami, it can create a cascading effect and can have a direct impact on the surrounding community. The cascading effects are technological failure, explosion, fire, the release of hazardous substances to the spread of chemicals that can endanger the environment and society. The purpose of this study is to analyze the preparedness of the communities surrounding the industrial companies in facing the tsunami threat and its subsequent dangers. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method by using a case study approach by conducting interviews with key informants related to the field of prevention, preparedness and work safety in each company and officials of the Local Government of Cilacap Regency. Data collection was also carried out using a questionnaire method filled out by people around the industrial companies. The results showed that the average value of the preparedness index of the community around industrial companies in Cilacap was 71.70 which was included in the “Ready” category.

scholarly journals IDENTIFYING CRITICAL ELEMENTS OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE USING CASCADING IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Transport ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-314
Author(s):  
David Rehak ◽  
David Patrman ◽  
Veronika Brabcová ◽  
Zdeněk Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Infrastructure System ◽  
Rescue System ◽  
Critical Infrastructure System

Road transport is a key means of transporting people and cargo on land. Its particular advantages are speed and operability, which are balanced, however, by dependence on road infrastructure. Road infrastructure reliability is an important factor in its functioning. If some elements of road infrastructure are disrupted or fail, the function of dependent infrastructures, such as the integrated rescue system or industry, are also impaired and may fail. These important elements of road infrastructure should be identified as critical and be given greater attention when identifying weaknesses and implementing subsequent security measures. This article introduces the Identifying Critical Elements of Road Infrastructure (ICERI) method, which was designed to make use of Cascading Impact Assessments (CIA). The use of CIA allows critical elements to be identified through impact escalation analysis. These impacts can therefore be monitored not only in road transport infrastructure but also across the entire critical infrastructure system.

An Overview of Risk-Based EEE Counterfeit Part Detection Based on SAE AS6171

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Azarian
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Multiple Solutions ◽  
Test Equipment ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Test Plan ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Risk Assessment Methodology

Abstract As counterfeiting techniques and processes grow in sophistication, the methods needed to detect these parts must keep pace. This has the unfortunate effect of raising the costs associated with managing this risk. In order to ensure that the resources devoted to counterfeit detection are commensurate with the potential effects and likelihood of counterfeit part usage in a particular application, a risk based methodology has been adopted for testing of electrical, electronic, and electromechanical (EEE) parts by the SAE AS6171 set of standards. This paper provides an overview of the risk assessment methodology employed within AS6171 to determine the testing that should be utilized to manage the risk associated with the use of a part. A scenario is constructed as a case study to illustrate how multiple solutions exist to address the risk for a particular situation, and the choice of any specific test plan can be made on the basis of practical considerations, such as cost, time, or the availability of particular test equipment.

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