scholarly journals Pompiéři, požárníci, hasiči

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Rudolf Manik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The Middle Ages

The present publication is the first comprehensive monograph on the historical development of fire and firefighting services in the territory of former Czechoslovakia, from the earliest times until now. The book begins with a treatise on the importance of fire to mankind and human attempts to control fire in the period of antiquity. Subsequently, the readers will familiarize themselves with the first legislation regulating firefighting in the Middle Ages and the establishment of fire brigades in the XIX century. The author then presents voluntary and professional fire service in Czechoslovakia as well as in the independent Czech and Slovak Republics. The monograph is suitably accompanied by a large number of photographs, memories of contemporaries and period materials, which have not yet been published in the available literature. Based on his long-term research, the author managed to clarify the historical development of firefighting, but also, for example, the firefighting equipment in the territory of former Czechoslovakia.

“Looking for Love in All the Wrong Places”?

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-406
Author(s):  
Anne Marie Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Christian Belief ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
The Middle Ages

Examining, for a symposium on xenophilia, the views of some of the period’s most open-minded and tolerant thinkers, as well as the historical development of Christian writers’ treatment of Muslims, this article considers whether the term Islamophilia can be applied to any Christian’s attitudes during the Middle Ages. The analysis considers what qualifies as an expression of love for Muslims, the distinction between positive regard for Islam and positive regard for Muslims, and whether Islamophilia essentializes Muslims in the same way that Islamophobia does. The author argues that any search for Christian Islamophilia must be broad enough to encompass evidence found in unexpected places. For instance, due to the Christian belief that Muslims who did not convert to Christianity would suffer eternally, a desire to convert them may well qualify as a stance of love toward them, despite the offense to modern sensibilities that such implies. Paradoxically, indifference toward Muslims’ religion, such as on the part of neighbors or business partners, might also have a place in a discussion of Islamophilia, precisely because it rejects essentialism.

scholarly journals ABAKANO-PEREVOZ I PETROGLYPHIC SITE IN KHAKASSIA

2022 ◽  
pp. 43-71
Author(s):  
И. Д. Русакова
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Middle Ages

В статье публикуются петроглифы местонахождения Абакано - Перевоз 1, являющегося частью крупного петроглифического комплекса, расположенного на скальных выходах хребта Большие Бояры в Хакасии. Публикация является результатом многолетних работ на памятнике, связанных с исследованием, расчисткой от лишайника, документированием древних рисунков. В статье приводится хронологическая атрибуция выявленных петроглифов. Первые рисунки появились здесь в раннетагарское время. Выявлены петроглифы тесинского, таштыкского времени, эпохи средневековья, этнографического времени. The article publishes petroglyphs of Abakano - Perevoz 1 site. It is а part of a large petroglyphic complex located on the Bolshie Boyary Ridge in Khakassia. The publication is the result of long - term work at the site, which is related to research, clearing of lichen, documenting of ancient petroglyphs. The article publishes a chronological attribution of the identifi ed petroglyphs. The earliest petroglyphs appeared here in the early Tagar time. The petroglyphs of the Tes and the Tashtyk cultures, the Middle Ages, ethnographic time were discovered here.

Virtue Ethics and Education from Late Antiquity to the Eighteenth Century, ed. Andreas Hellerstedt. Knowledge Communities. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018, 334 pp., 12 b/w and 1 color ill.

Mediaevistik ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-374
Author(s):  
Albrecht Classen
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Virtue Ethics ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Religious Behavior ◽  
Knowledge Communities ◽  
The Middle Ages

The Middle Ages knew of a major didactic genre, the Mirror for Princes, which were basically educational treatises outlining proper ethical, moral, but also political and religious behavior expected from the rulers. Philosophically speaking, as Plato and Aristotle had already outlined, the foundation of all education were ethics, that is, virtues, and we might greatly profit from those insights also today at a time when no one seems to talk about virtues any longer. Thus, a scholarly volume dedicated to the long-term discourse on these aspects taking us from late antiquity to the eighteenth century easily evokes our interest. Unfortunately, Virtue Ethics and Education is hardly concerned with the Middle Ages, so this review can only address the larger framework undergirding the studies assembled here and two contributions in particular.

EXPLANATION OF THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE PUNISHMENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 429-427
Author(s):  
Miroslav Gejdoš
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Academic Paper ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Middle Ages

In the academic paper, the author deals with the description of alternative punishments in the historical context. In particular, he focuses on the historical background of the devel-opment of punishments, the issue of imposing punishments in the territory of Slovakia from the earliest times, perceiving mainly the Middle Ages and the Modern History. He expertly explains the execution and imposition of various forms of punishment in the given period in the territory of Austria-Hungary as well as in the latter Czechoslovak Re-public until the beginning of the nineties. The aim of alternative punishments is to keep the convicted person out of prison and to impose that kind of sanction that will prevent any further crime and will protect society. The aim of this paper is to introduce various philosophical concepts that have influenced the development

scholarly journals Costume formation specialties on Ukrainian areas during the Middle Ages

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Nesen
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Correlated Data ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
High Middle Ages ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
The Middle Ages

Purpose of the article is to perform a comparison analysis of reconstructed variants of medieval costumes to discover the main formation patterns. To define strong historical long-term signs in forms and types of outfits. To determine costumes’ architectonics from different periods of the Middle Ages. Methodology. Methodologically author correlated data of practical archeology and art masterpieces. Scientific novelty determes reconstruction of costumes of sideline historical periods from pra-Slavic till the Late Middle Ages allows to discover a chain of permanent and variable signs. Conclusions. Architectonics of pra-Slavic costume had double or probably tipple layered structure which was kept in the Middle Ages as well. The costume basics could be considered a tunic-type outfit. Women had a two-tiered model of breastplate related to German tradition. Also in common is the tradition of embroidering necklaces. The other features of Chernyakhiv and Antes dresses do not match. Corals and amber were used as jewelry since pra-Slavic period. In the outfit of the Ancient Rus two-tiered model is not used. Since the High Middle Ages appeared some elements which after transformation where adopted in Ukrainian folk outfit. In the hat group there were forms of the towel types know as mantles (namitka) or tablecloths (obrus) as well as sewn caps (očipok). In the group of outerwear - the suite (svyta) and the casing (kožuch). These two types of shoulder clothing over the centuries have become buttoned (unlike the old Russian ones).

scholarly journals Taming the Volcano: Hegemonic and Counter-Hegemonic Masculinities in the Middle Ages

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Miklos Hadas
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Theory Of Practice ◽  
Norbert Elias ◽  
Process Sociology ◽  
The Middle Ages

Relying to Norbert Elias' process sociology and the Bourdieusian theory of practice, this article intends to outline the beginnings of the long-term transformation of Western masculine habituses. First, it concentrates on hegemonic knightly masculine dispositions, pointing out how these patterns are structured by the uncivilized libido dominandi, i.e. by the more or less free indulgence in physical violence. Next, it scrutinises the counter-hegemonic dispositions of clerics, based on internalised violence control. Finally, it argues that there are several transitory figurations between the two ideal types, i.e. the borders between the knightly and clerical masculinities are blurred. Consequently, as a result of changing structural constraints, by the end of the Middle Ages hybrid masculine habituses are being formed.

History of Foreign Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Gnezdilova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Foreign Literature ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Middle Ages

The textbook contain the main topics on the history of foreign literature of antiquity, the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, gives key concepts and terms necessary for understanding the literary process at different stages of historical development.

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