scholarly journals The coronacrisis and its impact on changes in civil aviation legislation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Verhaar ◽  
◽  
Alena Novák Sedláčková
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
State Aid ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The paper deals with the analysis of the impact of the coronacrisis on civil aviation legislation. Its main goal is to analyse the impact of the coronacrisis and some of the measures taken to mitigate this impact on civil aviation. The paper consists of four chapters. The first chapter is focused on the analysis of the onset of the crisis in civil aviation caused by the spread of the COVID-19 disease and has also present the previous crises in the field of civil aviation, that had impact on civil aviation. In addition, this part of the article is focused on impacts of the coronacrisis on the condition of the civil aviation sector worldwide. The second chapter is devoted to some measures and methods proposed to mitigate the impacts of the coronacrisis on civil aviation and focuses and analyses some of the measures taken to mitigate the impact of the coronacrisis on the civil aviation. In the next chapter we describe the situation in the EU, subsequent legislation changes that were supposed to mitigate the situation as well as explaining the approach of individual EU member states to state aid towards air transport at present and the EU’s position on the issue. The fourth and last chapter describes the position of the Slovak Republic and the proposed solutions to the situation.

Part II The Notion of State Aid, 5 Distortion of Competition and Effect on Trade between EU Member States

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kreuschitz Viktor ◽  
Nehl Hanns Peter
Keyword(s):  
Member State ◽  
Case Law ◽  
State Aid ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Common Trend ◽  
State Measure ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

This chapter discusses the distortion of competition and the effect on inter-Member State trade conditions. Article 107(1) TFEU provides that State aid is prohibited if two complementary conditions are fulfilled, namely if the State measure in issue distorts or threatens to distort competition and affects trade between Member States. The common trend within the EU Courts' case law is that no actual assessment of these criteria is required. In order to establish that competition is distorted and trade between Member States affected, it is not necessary to define the market or to carry out a thorough investigation as regards the impact that the contested measure might have upon the economic operators involved. All that matters is whether an advantage is granted to a market operator, at the detriment of another which will, as a matter of fact, encroach upon the good functioning of competition and trade between Member States.

scholarly journals A comparative analysis of Serbia and the EU member states in the context of networked readiness index values

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (206) ◽  
pp. 45-86
Author(s):  
Jasna Soldic-Aleksic ◽  
Rade Stankic
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Nowadays it is generally accepted that information and communication technologies (ICT) are important drivers and ?enabling? technologies that have a broad impact on many sectors of the economy and social life. Therefore, measuring the level of ICT development, their economic and social impact, and the country?s readiness to use them are of great importance. In this paper we present the conceptual framework of the Networked Readiness Index (NRI) proposed by the World Economic Forum, and analyse the relative position of Serbia and its ?distance? from the EU member states in the domain of NRI indicator variables. For this purpose we have applied the Kohonen Self-Organizing Map (the SOM algorithm), which provides the visual image, as a virtual map, of observed countries and their groupings. The resulting SOM map indicates that in the complex NRI space, Serbia is located in a group of EU states that includes Romania, Croatia, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Poland, the Czech Republic, and the Slovak Republic. In comparison to other countries, this group shows the poorest performance in the NRI landscape. In addition, our empirical analysis points to the areas in which policy intervention can boost the impact of ICT on Serbian economic development and growth.

Developments and perspectives of health literacy in Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Sørensen ◽  
Helmut Brand
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The World ◽  
European Health ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Abstract A decade ago the European health literacy field was in its infancy. A comparable study among EU Member States was made to explore if health literacy was as much as a concern in Europe as elsewhere in the world. This article analyses the impact of the European Health Literacy project (2009–2012). Based on the outcomes new avenues for health literacy in Europe are proposed. In spite of progress there is still a strong call for actions to make health literacy a priority in the EU.

scholarly journals European myriad of approaches to parasitic commercial practices

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radka MacGregor Pelikánová
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Unfair Competition ◽  
Member States ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Unfair Commercial Practices Directive ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Research background: The Post-Lisbon EU aims at smart, sustainable, and inclusive growth on the single internal market, as indicated by the Europe 2020. The interplay of the competition and consumer protection on such a market is subject to harmonization. The Unfair Commercial Practices Directive has been made in order to achieve a full harmonization in this respect in 2007. However, EU member states share different social, political, legal and economic traditions and their approaches to unfair competition, in particular if committed via parasitic commercial practices, are dramatically diverse. In such a context, is it feasible, effective and efficient to install a full harmonization?Purpose of the article: The primary purpose of this article is to describe and assess ap-proaches to unfair competition, in particular if committed via parasitic commercial practices, by the EU law and EU member states law. The secondary purpose is to study and evaluate possibilities for the feasible, effective and efficient harmonization, or their lack. Methods: The cross-disciplinary and multi-jurisdictional nature of this article, and its dual purposes, implies the use of Meta-Analysis, of the critical comparison of laws and the impact of their application, to the holistic perception of historical and national contexts, and to case studies. The primary and secondary sources are explored and the yield knowledge and data are confronted with the status quo. The dominating qualitative research and data are complemented by the quantitative research and data.Findings & Value added: The EU opted for an ambitious challenge to install via the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive a full harmonization of the regime against unfair commercial practices, including parasitic ones. The exploration pursuant to the duo of purposes suggests that the challenge is perhaps too ambitious and that the EU underestimated the dramatic diversity of approaches to unfair commercial practices, especially parasitic ones.

scholarly journals TAX GAP AS A TOOL FOR MEASURING VAT EVASION IN THE EU COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
ALENA ANDREJOVSKÁ ◽  
VERONIKA KONEČNÁ ◽  
JANA HAKALOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Sharp Change ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Tax Gap ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

VAT is one of the most decisive tax revenues sources in the EU Member States. Due to financial frauds and insufficient tax system, there is a billion loss of EUR every year in the European budget. The article deals with the impact of the tax evasion on economies of the EU Member States. By applying the top-down approach, we observed tax gaps as a quantifier of tax evasion from 2004 to 2017. The period around the economic crisis in 2009 was examined in more detail, as there was a sharp change in the evolution of tax gaps. We constructed a regression model, which examined the relationship of the tax gap and VAT tax revenues to selected determinants of tax evasion. The results showed that tax gaps in the Member States have been growing every year. We also found that there is an increase in tax revenues, but tax liabilities increase to greater extent.

scholarly journals Cybersecurity in the EU and Member States: Genesis and Issues of its Enhancing

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Viktor Boiko ◽  
Mykola Vasylenko ◽  
Serhii Kukharenko
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Regulatory Instruments ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Ict Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The article deals with the issues of establishing cybersecurity in the EU and its member-states at the legislative level as viewed from the point of a systematic approach. The authors identified problematic aspects of improving cybersecurity quality and conditions. They analyzed the impact of the EU member states legislation on cy-bersecurity. The article as well considers the process of ICT development and pre-sents the ways of creating new challenges by means of new technologies. Key words: cybersecurity, cyber resilience, regulatory instruments, EU legislation, innovations.

Part III Practical Challenges, 8 European Antitrust Criminalization and the First Challenge of Design: Defining the Criminal Cartel Offence

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whelan Peter
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Offence ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

This chapter analyses the first challenge of design for European antitrust criminalization: defining the criminal cartel offence itself. There are two problematic issues concerning the definition of a criminal cartel offence, both of which must be understood—if not resolved—by legislatures that are serious about the effective enforcement of their criminal cartel laws. First, the impact of Regulation 1/2003 on the design and operation of a national cartel offence needs to be articulated. This is an issue which is unique to the EU Member States. Second, the legislature which is responsible for drafting a given national criminal cartel law is required to make a decision about how to deal with ‘acceptable’ cartel activity. The challenge for the drafters of a criminal cartel offence is how to ensure that 'acceptable' cartel activity is carved out of the criminal offence without making the offence unworkable in practice.

18. The Europeanization of National Economies?

2020 ◽  
pp. 422-451
Author(s):  
Vivien A. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Post War ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
European Union Member States ◽  
The Eu

This chapter examines the impact of Europeanization upon the national economies of European Union member states. It considers how successful the EU has been in promoting its goal of building a single European economy out of the diverse national economies of its member states; how much convergence has occurred among EU member states, and how much divergence remains; and what impact the economic crisis beginning in 2008 has had on the EU and its member states. To answer these questions, the chapter traces the development of Europe’s national economies from the post-war period until today. It also analyses the impact of globalization and Europeanization on post-war varieties of capitalism before concluding with reflections on future patterns of political economic development in the EU in light of the economic crisis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document