scholarly journals The concept of «soft power» in the USA foreign policy: transition from Barack Obama to Donald Trump

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mukan ◽  
E. Saudabekova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
The Usa

scholarly journals The Pragmatism of US Foreign Policy in the Obama and Trump Administrations.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 580-617
Author(s):  
Hema Niazi Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Political Perspective ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
Important Position

       This researched has tried to analyze the philosophy of pragmatics and its development as well as applying it on the level of America’s foreign policy in the cabinet of both American Presidents Barack Obama and Donald Trump in a comparative way to analyze and investigate it.      The philosophy of Pragmatics in the center of American policy had an important position in the formulation of foreign policies and decisions and its application between Barack Obama and Donald Trump’s administration, was embodied in different forms and mechanisms which understanding this political perspective and direction is helpful to increase an understanding about formulation and application of American foreign policy.      It has been tried to answer the main question of the research within the context of this research, which is how did the main and clear difference of getting benefit from pragmatism between both Obama and Trump’s administration has reflected in the American foreign policy?        In the research, it was hypothesized that pragmatism was generally used in American foreign policy to protect America’s living interests and applying pragmatism between each Obama and Trump’s administration and how it is reflected in American foreign policy.     This research has reached the conclusion that pragmatism in the era of Barak Obama’s administration has embodied itself in the form of a clever and hidden soft Power that has not ignored actors and other parties in the international arena despite the desire to protect American interests. But in Donald Trump’s era, pragmatism has applied itself in the form of hard, obvious pragmatism, economic, and political interests of America, which was the main desire to protect America’s interests.

Is There a Trump Effect? An Experiment on Political Polarization and Audience Costs

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 433-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles M. Evers ◽  
Aleksandr Fisher ◽  
Steven D. Schaaf
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Presidential Transition ◽  
Audience Costs ◽  
The Public ◽  
Partisan Polarization

Does President Trump face domestic costs for foreign policy inconsistency? Will co-partisans and opposition-partisans equally punish Donald Trump for issuing flippant international threats and backing down? While the president said he could “stand in the middle of Fifth Avenue and shoot somebody” without losing voters, the literature consistently shows that individuals, regardless of partisanship, disapprove of leaders who jeopardize the country’s reputation for credibility and resolve. Given the atypical nature of the Trump presidency, and the severe partisan polarization surrounding it, we investigate whether the logic of audience costs still applies in the Trump era. Using a unique experiment fielded during the 2016 presidential transition, we show that Republicans and Democrats impose equal audience costs on President Trump. And by varying the leader’s identity, between Donald Trump, Barack Obama, and “The President,” we demonstrate that the public adheres to a non-partisan logic in punishing leaders who renege on threats. Yet we also find Presidents Trump and Obama can reduce the magnitude of audience costs by justifying backing down as being “in America’s interest.” Even Democrats, despite their doubts of Donald Trump’s credibility, accept such justifications. Our findings encourage further exploration of partisan cues, leader-level attributes, and leader-level reputations.

The Study of Some Issues on the USA Migrational Politics (on the Basis of Linguistic Analysis of Presidents’ Addresses to the Nation)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Ростиславовна Наталья ◽  
Rostislavovna Natal'ya
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
American President ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
And Behavior

The article describes metaphorical models which represent the concept of immigration in the discourse of ex US president Barack Obama and today’s American president Donald Trump. The conducted comparative analyses of remarks by two presidents in address to the nation on immigration distinguished certain metaphorical models which actualize different priority tendencies of immigrational politics of the presidents, and which serve for forming needed images and defining people’s way of thinking and behavior. The analysis showed how linguacultural images of American world view have changed during the last three years. The paper points out dominant metaphorical models characterizing immigration from different points of view. For Barack Obama immigration is a source of entrepreneurial and economic potential. Donald Trump’s metaphors present immigrants as aliens threatening the safety of the nation.

scholarly journals NEW REGIONAL RESPONSIBILITY IN A FOREIGN POLICY IN RELATION LAC-AMERICAN REGION OF ADMINISTRATIONS OF GEORGE W. BUSH AND BARACK OBAMA

2018 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Anatoly Tkach
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Latin American ◽  
World Order ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Limited Effectiveness ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa

The article analyzes the priorities of the Obama’s administration in the region and the Latin American states actions in rebuilding the existing system of relations at the global and regional levels. The current financial and economic crisis has shown the need for changes in the economic world order, financial system, which was formed in the end of the Second World War, where the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) play a key role. For many decades developing countries were rather an object of economic expansion than serious actors in the world economy.In the article features of foreign policy of the USA of relatively Latin America are examined in the article; the conceptual providing of foreign policy is analysed the USA, the comparative analysis of foreign policy of administrations of presidents of relatively Latin America is carried out, the detailed analysis of influence of foreign-policy course of the USA is presented, the basic factors of forming of new foreign policy the USA of relatively Latin America are found out. Purpose of the research: External U.S. Relations with Latin America and the Caribbean under the Barack Obama Administration. The article of analysis is includes resolution of long duration aims and corporate strategic planning taking into account correlation of application in space and in time of necessary resources, as activity of the American state that is sent to determination and achievement of long-term aims in a region by means of corresponding facilities. Without belittling the importance of not denying the «national roots» the origin of these crises can not be ignored or underestimated the fact that the development of Latin America in previous decades influenced deep region in the processes of global integration with its «distortions» and instability, with increasingly the apparent inability of international institutions. The main mechanisms for implementation of the USA foreign policy strategy objectives are LAC, bilateral relations with main European countries and USA as well as crisis management. The work ascertains the limited effectiveness of multilateral instruments for the achievement of strategic objectives of the LAC foreign policy. LAC represents one of the power centers of the multipolar world in LAC strategy, but in this regard, has to possess proper political and military mechanism for regulation of international relations. LAC suggested a lot of proposals and projects in the field of crisis management under B.Obama presidency, but its initiatives did not receive proper support in the LAC.

scholarly journals Main Sources of Chinese "Soft Power" in Latin America in the Modern Era

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 907-914
Author(s):  
M. I. Garbart
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Chinese Foreign Policy ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Latin American Countries

The article covers the fundamentals of Chinese "soft power" in Latin America. "Soft power" now takes an important place in Chinese foreign strategy, both the international level and in Latin America. The author describes the main features of international relations between China and Latin-American countries. The paper focuses on the main sources of formation of positive image of China in the region. The study revealed that Chinese "soft power" has significantly strengthened in the region in recent years. At the same time, the author notes that it is still much weaker than that of the USA. In modern conditions, Chinese government is likely to seek more active application of new forms of international cooperation, promotion of "soft power" being one of them. The methodology of the research was based on the systematic approach, which means considering Chinese "soft power" as a part of the whole foreign policy of China. Theoretical and practical relevance of the study consists in that fact that it creates a basis for further research on this issue. The results can be used to forecast the development of Chinese foreign policy strategy, as well as to study the complex of relations between China and Latin American states.

scholarly journals Transformation of the U. S. National Strategy for Counterterrorism during the presidency of Barack Obama

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Tamara Guramovna Marzoeva
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
International Terrorism ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Smart Power ◽  
White House ◽  
George Bush ◽  
Multilateral Cooperation

Tracing the evolution of Barack Obama's National Strategy for Counterterrorism is relevant for a variety of reasons. First and foremost, foreign policy and globalist trends were the reason for coming to power of the next president-isolationist Donald Trump. Secondly, many experts believe that the current administration of the White House pursues a successive foreign policy course namely in relation to the concept of B. Obama. And ultimately, consideration of the factors that affect the transformation of foreign policy strategy, and its counterterrorism component in particular, may contribute to forecasting similar processes under other administrations. The conclusion is made that Barack Obama preferred multilateral cooperation over unilateral coercive course; and the vector towards harmonization of relations with the Muslim world triggered the revision of the “struggle against terrorism” paradigm of George Bush Jr. B. Obama’s administration declared the transition from the concept of preventive strikes towards the concept of “smart power” and “leading from behind”, which manifested in the course of anti-terrorist operation in Syria. The author notes that the activity of Barack Obama in countering international terrorism is characterized by the departure from the tactics of conducting large-scale and costly wars of George Bush Jr. to joint targeted counterterrorism operations.

scholarly journals Evolution of US foreign policy: from George Bush to Barack Obama

2016 ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Dmytro Lakishyk
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
World Order ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
Political Strategy ◽  
George Bush ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Economic State ◽  
Open Markets

The article analyzes the doctrinal and geostrategic foundation of the US foreign policy in the period from George Bush to Barack Obama. We argue that the fundamental approach G.W. Bush was formally based on the concept of critical geopolitics, which made possible to use all known forms of influence to change the political and economic state systems in its focus. Further, we show that key means of implementing this strategy were: the rejection of isolationism and protectionism; focus on leadership as an alternative to isolationism; free and fair trade and open markets as opposed to protectionism; preventive influence on events. The Obama administration demonstrates a clear commitment to multilateralism in making and implementing decisions that carry global significance. The proposed Barack Obama’s foreign policy strategy contains a number of important innovations of tactical and strategic nature: in particular, for the first time it combines all of the key tools of American influence – diplomacy, economic instruments, military strength and intelligence; national security forces to serve geopolitical interests. We discuss four aspects of the foreign policy – security; economic prosperity; promotion of «universal values»; strengthening of world order under the American leadership. International political strategy of the USA maintains a global focus, which requires daily reinforcement of global leadership and safeguarding of the active ties with allies and partners. US maintain a unique set of tools that enable a targeted and multidimensional influence on the world economy and international relations. At the same time, US foreign policy is becoming more balanced and restrained, avoiding excessive obligations, risk or resources.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF ARMENIAN NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ACTIVITIES IN THE UNITED STATES

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
O. M. Andreeva ◽  
L. Avetisyan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Armenian Diaspora ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Republic

It is stated that the Armenian community in the USA is one of the largest and most influential in the world. It is proved that the numerous Armenian community of the USA plays a prominent role in the development of Armenian-American relations. It is shown that the urgent issues for the development of the Armenian Diaspora is to overcome contradictions and competition within the Armenian Diaspora, especially among its most active organizations dealing with political issues. It will solve specific foreign policy tasks and promote the unification of the Armenian Diaspora based on group identity and common goals. The Armenian organizations, acting separately, complicate integration and unification within the community itself, lead to competition and disunity in defending its interests not only in the United States, but also in the world. It is determined that numerous Armenian Diaspora, famous and influential personalities of Armenian origin, national organizations and lobby groups are the “soft power” of Armenia. The Diaspora provides significant and comprehensive support to Armenian diplomacy in advancing national interests, especially in matters of international recognition and condemnation of the Armenian Genocide, the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and overcoming the many economic problems that Armenia faces today. During the post-bipolar period, the Armenian Diaspora in America was quite active namely because of participation in various international organizations. To a certain extent, the Diaspora of Armenia followed the common tradition of using intergovernmental and intergovernmental associations to solve the problems of their states. On the other hand, the Armenian Diaspora confidently applied the method of "complementarily policy". This policy envisaged the deep involvement of the Republic of Armenia in the process of discussing and promoting projects of international organizations of various levels in the foreign policy of leading, influential states of the world and, first of all, the United States. In this regard, it is relevant to study the active and successful activities of the Armenian Diaspora in the United States. It is proved that Armenian Diaspora, with its rich international experience, seeks to integrate into American politics, which represents valuable experience for Ukraine, which has a significant Diaspora in the USA and Canada.

scholarly journals The importance of soft power and soft power tools in us foreign policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
M.K. Anlamassova ◽  
◽  
R.T. Japparova ◽  
A.Zh. Mukazhanova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Environment ◽  
International Policy ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Policy Attitudes ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Power Tools

Soft power is one of the tools used by the USA to achieve its goals in the international arena. With its soft power tools, the USA tries to shape the ideas and beliefs, economic, political, social and cultural values of other societies and to legitimize its foreign policy attitudes and behaviors in their eyes. In other words, it tries to create an international policy environment that can carry out its policies comfortably with soft power tools. In this framework, the study examines the soft power policy and tools of the USA

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document