THE IMPACT OF ATTENTIONAL FOCUS ON THE TREATMENT OF MUSCULOSKELETAL AND MOVEMENT DISORDERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 901-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Hunt ◽  
Arsenio Paez ◽  
Eric Folmar
Keyword(s):  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
The Impact

Focus Within or On Others: The Impact of Reviewers' Attentional Focus on Review Helpfulness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanfei Lei ◽  
Dezhi Yin ◽  
Han Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Online Reviews ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Controlled Experiments ◽  
Review Helpfulness ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Consistent Support

When reviewers write online reviews, they differ in the focus of their attention: some focus on their own experiences, whereas some direct their attention to others—prospective consumers who may read the reviews in the future. This paper explores how, why, and when reviewers’ attentional focus can influence the helpfulness evaluation of reviews beyond the impact of substantive review content. Drawing on the attentional focus and persuasion literatures, we develop a theoretical model proposing that reviewers’ attentional focus may influence consumers’ perception of review helpfulness through opposing processes, and that its overall effect is contingent on the review’s two-sidedness. Results of one archival analysis and five controlled experiments provide consistent support for our hypotheses. This work challenges the predominant view of the positive impact of other-focus (vs. self-focus), explores the interpersonal impact of a reviewer’s attentional focus on prospective consumers who are total strangers, and reveals an important, context-specific boundary condition.

The Impact of Microelectrode Recording on Lead Location in Deep Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Movement Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. e487-e495
Author(s):  
Ryan B. Kochanski ◽  
Sander Bus ◽  
Bledi Brahimaj ◽  
Alireza Borghei ◽  
Kristen L. Kraimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Microelectrode Recording ◽  
Lead Location ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Deep Brain

scholarly journals Exercise and Time Perception: An Exploration of the Impact of High Intensity Cardio Exercise (Zumba) on Human Timing

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeevita S. Pillai ◽  
Aoife McLoughlin
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Timing ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Temporal Bisection ◽  
Experience Of Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Time is an important aspect of people’s lives and how it is perceived has a great impact on how we function, which includes whether we engage in activities such as exercise that are beneficial for our health. These activities can also have impact on our experience of time. The current study aims to investigate human interval timing after completion of one of two tasks: listening to an audiobook, or engaging in a Zumba workout. Participants in this study completed two temporal bisection tasks (pre and post intervention). Bisection points (point of subjective equality) and Weber’s ratios (sensitivity to time) were examined. It was hypothesised that individuals in the Zumba condition would experience a distortion in their timing post workout consistent with an increase in pacemaker speed. Unexpectedly there appeared to be no significant difference in bisection points across or within (pre/post) the conditions, suggesting that neither intervention had an impact on an internal pacemaker. However, there were significant differences in sensitivity to timing after Zumba Fitness suggesting a potential attentional focus post workout. Implications and future directions are also discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of acoustic warning signal intensity in the control of visuospatial interference

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Cappucci ◽  
Ángel Correa ◽  
Rico Fisher ◽  
Torsten Schubert ◽  
Juan Lupiáñez
Keyword(s):  
Warning Signal ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Warning Signals ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Spatial Stimulus ◽  
Spatial Attributes ◽  
Task Irrelevant ◽  
Open Question ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spatial Stroop

AbstractPrevious studies have reported increased interference when a task-irrelevant acoustic warning signal preceded the target presentation in cognitive tasks. However, the alerting-congruence interaction was mostly observed for tasks measuring Flanker and Simon interferences but not for Stroop conflict. These findings led to the assumption that warning signals widen the attentional focus and facilitate the processing of irrelevant spatial characteristics. However, it is not clear whether these effects are because of the temporal information provided by the warning signal or because of their alerting effects. Based on these findings, and on the open question about the nature of the warning signal intervention on visuospatial interferences, we decided to test the impact of the warning signal on the processing of irrelevant spatial features, by using a procedure suitable for measuring both Simon and spatial Stroop interferences. We also manipulated the intensity of the warning signal to study the effect of the task-irrelevant characteristics of warning signals in visuospatial interferences. For the Simon conflict, results demonstrated an increased interference provoked by the presence (Experiment 1) and intensity (Experiment 2) of warning signals. In contrast, neither the presence nor the intensity of warning signals affected the spatial Stroop interference. Overall, these findings suggest that the impact of warning signals primarily depends on the processing of irrelevant spatial attributes and on the type of conflict (e.g., spatial stimulus-response interference in Simon vs. stimulus-stimulus interference in spatial Stroop). In general, acoustic warning signals facilitate the automatic response activation, but their modulatory effect depends on the task setting involved.

scholarly journals Simulating the impact of noise on gait features extracted from smartphone sensor-data for the remote assessment of movement disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Bogaarts ◽  
Mattia Zanon ◽  
Frank Dondelinger ◽  
Adrian Derungs ◽  
Florian Lipsmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Gait Features ◽  
Remote Assessment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Smartphone Sensor

Mechanisms of Performance Improvements Due to a Leading Teammate During Uphill Cycling

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1215-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theo Ouvrard ◽  
Alain Groslambert ◽  
Gilles Ravier ◽  
Sidney Grosprêtre ◽  
Philippe Gimenez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Competitive Cyclists ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: To identify the impact of a leading teammate in front of a cyclist on psychological, physiological, biomechanical, and performance parameters during an uphill maximal effort. Methods: After familiarization, 12 well-trained competitive cyclists completed 2 uphill time trials (UTTs, 2.7 km at 7.4%) in randomized order; that is, 1 performed alone (control condition) and 1 followed a simulated teammate during the entire UTT (leader condition). Performance (UTT time) and mean power output (PO) were recorded for each UTT. For physiological parameters, mean heart rate and postexercise blood lactate concentration were recorded. Psychological parameters (rating of perceived exertion, pleasure, and attentional focus) were collected at the end of each trial. Results: Performance (UTT time) significantly improved by 4.2% (3.1%) in the leader condition, mainly due to drafting decrease of the aerodynamic drag (58% of total performance gains) and higher end spurt (+9.1% [9.1%] of mean PO in the last 10% of the UTT). However, heart rate and postexercise blood lactate concentration were not significantly different between conditions. From a psychological aspect, higher pleasure was observed in the leader condition (+41.1% [51.7%]), but attentional focus was not significantly different. Conclusions: The presence of a leading teammate during uphill cycling had a strong impact on performance, enabling higher speed for the same mean PO and greater end spurt. These results explain why the best teams competing for the general classification of the most prestigious and contested races like the Grand Tours tend to always protect their leader with teammates during decisive ascents.

scholarly journals A High Dose Tango Intervention for People with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora B. Rabinovich ◽  
Nélida Garreto ◽  
Tomoko Arakaki ◽  
Joseph FX DeSouza
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Dance Intervention ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundDance has been used extensively to help supplement ongoing therapies for people with PD, most commonly on a weekly or biweekly basis. A daily dose, however, may provide additional benefits. This study examines the dose effect of a dance intervention delivered within a clinic for movement disorders in which PwPD are paired with experienced studio tango dancers.ObjectiveThe current study aims to examine the dose effects of daily dance for PwPD on motor and non-motor functions directly within a movement disorders clinic.Designwithin-subject, pre-post-intervention, mixed-methods evaluation including UPDRS III.SettingThe intervention was held at the Movement Disorders Department of a General Hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina over two-weeks.SubjectsThe class had 21 people in total attendance per class. Two were expert tango dancers and instructors, nine were advanced tango dancers (volunteers), two were caregivers and eight were people with mild and moderate severity [Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) scale 1-2] idiopathic Parkinson’s disease.InterventionTen dance lessons, each 90-minutes daily within a two-week period.Outcome measuresThe Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part III was used for pre- and post-motor assessment. Psychological questionnaires, a Likert scale examining symptoms, and a pictorial scale were used to assess non-motor aspects. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to assess the impact of the dance intervention on participants’ experience.ResultsOur study found a significant 18% amelioration in motor symptoms as measured by UPDRS III. We also found improvements on activities of daily living (ADL), sleep, Psychological Needs variables - post high dose dance intervention in Likert Scale.ConclusionsA high dose short-term tango intervention for PwPD improved motor and non-motor aspects of PD such as ADL and sleep with high levels of adherence (97.5%) and enjoyment reported by participants. This dance intervention also improved participant’s perception of their own skills. The frequency or dosage of dance in rehabilitation suggests that an increased dose from once per week to 5 times per week can ameliorate many symptoms of PD and could be used as a short-term intervention.

scholarly journals Atomoxetine modulates the contribution of high- and low-level signals during free viewing of natural images in rhesus monkeys

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélie J. Reynaud ◽  
Elvio Blini ◽  
Eric Koun ◽  
Emiliano Macaluso ◽  
Martine Meunier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Attentional Orienting ◽  
Image Content ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Free Viewing ◽  
Complex Stimuli ◽  
The Impact

AbstractVisuo-spatial attentional orienting is fundamental to selectively process behaviorally relevant information, depending on both low-level visual attributes of stimuli in the environment and higher-level factors, such as goals, expectations and prior knowledge. Growing evidence suggests an impact of the locus-coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system in attentional orienting that depends on task-context. Nonetheless, most of previous studies used visual displays encompassing a target and various distractors, often preceded by cues to orient the attentional focus. This emphasizes the contribution of goal-driven processes, at the expense of other factors related to the stimulus content. Here, we aimed to determine the impact of NE on attentional orienting in more naturalistic conditions, using complex images and without any explicit task manipulation. We tested the effects of atomoxetine (ATX) injections, a NE reuptake inhibitor, on four monkeys during free viewing of images belonging to three categories: landscapes, monkey faces and scrambled images. Analyses of the gaze exploration patterns revealed, first, that the monkeys spent more time on each fixation under ATX compared to the control condition, regardless of the image content. Second, we found that, depending on the image content, ATX modulated the impact of low-level visual salience on attentional orienting. This effect correlated with the effect of ATX on the number and duration of fixations. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ATX adjusts the contribution of salience on attentional orienting depending on the image content, indicative of its role in balancing the role of stimulus-driven and top-down control during free viewing of complex stimuli.

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