scholarly journals Castleman lymphadenopathy: case review

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
O. M. Gavrilyuk ◽  
S. A. Tomashova ◽  
H. L. Stolіar
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Preoperative Stage ◽  
Vascular Proliferation ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation ◽  
High Degree

Background. While examining regional lymph nodes removed with the tumor, the pathomorphologist is often limited to the exclusion of metastases, omitting changes in lymphoid tissue. The aim of the work is to describe a rare variant of Castleman-like lymphadenopathy in the surgical material obtained during the removal of colon cancer with regional lymph nodes. Methods. Pathomorphological examination of removed lymph nodes using histological and immunohistochemical methods (CD23). Results. A 73-year-old patient underwent surgery for rectal cancer. Pathomorphological analysis diagnosed adenocarcinoma of high degree of differentiation (G1) and revealed Castleman-like changes in some of the enlarged regional mesenteric lymph nodes: signs of different stages of development of lymphoid follicles, including their hyperplasia, atresia and fragmentation with preservation of activated CD23+ follicular dendritic cells and reaction of microvasculature, including vascular proliferation in the interfollicular areas with uneven narrowing of the sinuses. The discussion analyzes the probable genesis of changes in lymphoid tissue, which may be a reflection of the early stage of Castleman's disease, complication of radiation therapy performed in the preoperative stage, or a consequence of impaired immune status due to tumor growth, in particular with antigenic overloading of draining lymphoid tissue, effects of cytokines produced by inflammatory infiltrate cells that accumulate directly near the tumor, and the formation of a state of genetic instability, which progresses under the influence of radiation. Conclusion. Despite the rarity of Castleman-like lymphadenopathy, in each case of examination of lymph nodes in the surgical material it is necessary to conduct a thorough analysis of lymphoid tissue, as this may be important both to assess the prognosis and to select adequate therapy.

scholarly journals Clinical, morphological, and molecular genetic predictors of metastatic lesions in the regional lymph nodes in breast cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Dergunova ◽  
V. V. Podionov ◽  
V. K. Bozhenko ◽  
V. V. Kometova ◽  
M. V. Dardyk
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
Genetic Predictors ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
High Degree

Despite the sufficient amount of data accumulated in the literature, there are still no factors, on the basis of which it would be possible to estimate the regional lymph nodes status in breast cancer with a high degree of accuracy. The review presents literature data relating to the influence of clinicopathological, molecular-biological and genetic characteristics of primary tumor on lymph node metastases. Data of 66 foreign and Russian articles are included.

scholarly journals INTRACELLULAR LOCALIZATION AND QUANTITATION OF TRITIATED ANTIGENS IN RETICULOENDOTHELIAL TISSUES OF MICE DURING SECONDARY AND HYPERIMMUNE RESPONSES

1962 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey N. Roberts ◽  
Felix Haurowitz
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Tissue Section ◽  
Intracellular Localization ◽  
Scintillation Counter ◽  
Secondary Response ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Section Surface ◽  
Regional Node ◽  
Foot Pad

Autoradiography and quantitative radiochemical techniques have been used to determine intracellular localization of tritium and the quantity of tissue-bound tritium, respectively, following injections of H3-aniline azo PGG or H3-arsanilazo PGG to yield hyperimmune or secondary response stimulation in mice. Autoradiography revealed intracytoplasmic localization of grains in macrophages of spleen and lung sections, and in Kupffer cells of liver sections following intravenous and subcutaneous injections of H3-aniline azo PGG. Quantitation of tissue section surface radioactivities in the windowless flow counter and scintillation counter, and of dissolved tissue section activities in the scintillation counter, showed that greatest radioactivity was present in lung tissue, with less in spleen, liver, and mesenteric lymph nodes from these hyperimmunized mice. Autoradiographic studies on tissue sections from mice in secondary response stimulation after subcutaneous foot-pad injections of H3-arsanilazo PGG, showed intracellular and extracellular grains over regional popliteal node sections, with intracytoplasmic grain localization over macrophages and pyroninophilic plasmacytes. Scattered macrophages in spleen and lung sections also contained intracytoplasmic radioactivity. Clusters of antibody-synthesizing cells in the regional lymph nodes were demonstrated with fluorescence microscopy, and these cells were compared to similar cells possessing radioactivity as observed in the section autoradiographs. An occasional Russell body plasma cell containing specific antibody was observed in splenic impressions. Windowless flow counting showed that greatest radioactivity was in regional node sections, with less in spleen and lung, and none in contralateral lymph nodes. A quantitative comparison between windowless flow counting and autoradiography revealed that 20 counts were required to yield one silver grain.

Management of the Regional Lymph Nodes in Early-Stage Breast Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia S. Wong ◽  
Laura E.G. Warren ◽  
Jennifer R. Bellon
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Early Stage Breast Cancer ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes

Immunophenotype of Cells within Cervine Rectoanal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue and Mesenteric Lymph Nodes

2012 ◽  
Vol 146 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Dagleish ◽  
J. Finlayson ◽  
P.J. Steele ◽  
Y. Pang ◽  
S. Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

scholarly journals Guidelines for safe and optimum neck dissection: a review article

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheetal A. Murchite ◽  
Thakut Gowtham ◽  
Abhinandan Milind Kadiyal ◽  
Vaishali Vinayak Gaikwad ◽  
Ashutosh Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Head And Neck Surgery ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Regional Metastases

Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. The single most important factor affecting prognosis for squamous cell carcinoma is the status of the cervical lymph nodes. Metastasis to the regional lymph nodes reduces the 5-year survival rate by 50% compared with that of patients with early-stage disease. The American cancer society reports that 40% of patients with squamous carcinoma of the oral cavity and pharynx present with regional metastases to the cervical lymph nodes. This activity presents the steps for safe and optimum neck dissection. Objectives of the study were to identify the anatomical structures in neck dissection, review the complications of head and neck surgery and summarize the importance of care coordination and to improve outcomes for patients undergoing head and neck surgery.

A phase II study of PRV111 nanoengineered cisplatin patch as a neoadjuvant therapy for early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6056-6056
Author(s):  
Nishant Agrawal ◽  
Evgeny Izumchenko ◽  
Kenneth Hodge ◽  
Simon Young ◽  
James C. Melville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Primary Endpoints ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy ◽  
Tumor Reduction

6056 Background: OSCC is a devastating disease causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in the conventional therapeutic approaches, surgical resection often leads to permanent disfigurement, while radiotherapies and systemic platinum-based chemotherapy result in significant toxicities, affecting patient wellbeing and quality of life. Thus, development of novel therapeutic approaches is paramount to improve health outcomes and survival of patients with OSCC. Systemic toxicity is often dose limiting, but could be tentatively reduced by locoregional administration. We have developed PRV111, a nanotechnology based patch for local and regional delivery of highly concentrated potent cisplatin, designed to penetrate tumor tissue, reach and enter regional lymph nodes and avoid systemic circulation. Here we present the results of phase 1/2 CLN-001 trial, designed to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity by neoadjuvant treatment with PRV111. Methods: A phase 1/2, single arm, open-label CLN-001 (NCT03502148) study has enrolled 12 patients with confirmed OSCC; unknown nodal involvement, no distant metastasis, and tumor size ≤ 4.0 cm. Three weeks prior to surgery, patients were administered 1 cycle of standalone neoadjuvant PRV111, consisting of up to 4 treatment visits (each visit dose: ≤12mg of cisplatin, each patch loading dose: 2mg of cisplatin). The primary endpoints were safety, efficacy and tumor reduction in ̃ 7 days by greater than 30%. Secondary endpoints included nanoengineered patch consistent and complete adhesion to mucosal surfaces and uniform drug release. Exploratory endpoints included immunogenesis/immunomodulation. Results: PRV111 successfully met all clinical primary endpoints, as well as safety and efficacy objectives. It caused over 70% tumor reduction in ̃7 days with over 87% response rate across 10 subjects. No dose-limiting toxicities, serious adverse event, or systemic toxicities were reported and no locoregional recurrences were evident in 6 months. PRV111 induced ̃15 times increase in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes compared with the initial biopsy. Concentrations of cisplatin found in the tumor and regional lymph nodes were over 300 and 100 times higher respectively as compared with IV cisplatin, with only negligible amount of cisplatin found in the blood. Grade 1 or 2 oral and tongue pain induced by the treatment were the most common adverse events. Furthermore, 97.5% successful patch performance was achieved across 182 patches used in the study. Conclusions: Adding neoadjuvent PRV111 to the care for patients with OSCC may improve the surgical outcome and increase event free survival. Given these encouraging results, future studies are needed to establish the application of this non-invasive platform in head and neck SCC and other epithelial cancers, including anal, colorectal, genitourinary, nasal, and skin. Clinical trial information: NCT03502148.

Systemic bacterial invasion induced by sleep deprivation

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (4) ◽  
pp. R905-R916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol A. Everson ◽  
Linda A. Toth
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Bacterial Migration ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Profound sleep disruption in humans is generally believed to cause health impairments. Through comparative research, specific physical effects and underlying mechanisms altered by sleep deprivation are being elucidated. Studies of sleep-deprived animals previously have shown a progressive, chronic negative energy balance and gradual deterioration of health, which culminate in fatal bloodstream infection without an infectious focus. The present study investigated the conditions antecedent to advanced morbidity in sleep-deprived rats by determining the time course and distribution of live microorganisms in body tissues that are normally sterile. The tissues cultured for microbial growth included the blood, four major organs, six regional lymph nodes, the intestine, and the skin. The principal finding was early infection of the mesenteric lymph nodes by bacteria presumably translocated from the intestine and bacterial migration to and transient infection of extraintestinal sites. Presence of pathogenic microorganisms and their toxins in tissues constitutes a septic burden and chronic antigenic challenge for the host. Bacterial translocation and pathogenic sequelae provide mechanisms by which sleep deprivation appears to adversely affect health.

scholarly journals Lymph Node Radiotherapy Instead of Extended Axillary Surgery - the New Standard

Breast Care ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Niehoff ◽  
Silla Hey-Koch
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Dissection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Axillary Staging ◽  
Lymph Node Staging ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes

Breast cancer treatment has undergone major changes in the last 20 years. Specifically, the role of axillary lymph node dissection has changed from radical axillary dissection with excision of a high number of lymph nodes to sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). This paradigm shift is associated with a controversial debate regarding the significance of axillary staging, the need for surgery, and the role of radiotherapy. Looking ahead, lymph node staging and axillary treatment might shift from SLNB and/or axillary dissection to ultrasound-guided needle biopsy and irradiation of regional lymph nodes in order to reduce treatment-related sequelae in early-stage breast cancer.

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