scholarly journals The effect of Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. extract addition and cooling period on the preference levels, chemical properties and glycemic index of Cr and Mg fortified – parboiled rice

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
W.A. Yulianto ◽  
Sulistyani ◽  
F.D.H. Swasono
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Parboiled Rice ◽  
Cooling Period ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Pandanus Amaryllifolius ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

Diabetic patients are commonly deficient in chromium (Cr) and magnesium (Mg) and suffer from high blood sugar levels. Therefore, they need food with a low glycemic index (GI), for example, parboiled rice. However, parboiled rice is commonly not favored by consumers, particularly in Indonesia. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the methods of adding pandan leaf extract and fortificants (Cr and Mg) and the cooling durations needed to produce parboiled rice that contains high resistant starch (RS) and fortificants with a low GI. The results obtained indicated that the panelists level of preference for the parboiled rice was between ‘like’ and ‘like slightly’. The lowest GI (20.03) and the highest RS content (23.99) were found in the fortified parboiled rice that was produced with method 1 (pandan leaf extract and fortificants soaked at 65oC for 2.5 hrs) and cooled at 2oC for 12 hrs. The rice that was preferred by the panelists had a score of 2.60 and contained Cr of 0.06 mg/kg and Mg of 131.80 mg/kg. The Cr and Mg fortified parboiled rice produced with method one was suitable for people with diabetes.

scholarly journals Low-Glycemic-Index Sugar in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Steciuk ◽  
Samia Mahmood Hafez Amir ◽  
Muzzammil Hosenally ◽  
Aroushini Goorapah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

Abstract Background and Objectives: There is a need to re assess the value of low-GI food and its specific components. The effect of one of them, namely low-glycemic-index sugar, is unclear, as its impact is usually confounded when reported in the literature. This study attempts to breach this gap, shedding light on its effect in type 2 diabetic patients and evaluate if it could be considered as part of a dietary plan.Subjects and Methods: The blood sugar level of twenty (20) type 2 diabetics was monitored using a Continuous Glucose Monitoring system during two phases; firstly, an initial period of 5 days, whereby all the included patients were taking their usual dietary meals. Subjects were then randomized into two groups of equal size before embarking on a second phase; 10 subjects were instructed to eat prepared, portioned and delivered meals, the difference for the second group being that low-GI sugar was used for the preparation. Results: Compared to baseline (day 1), blood sugar dropped by 18% for the group with low-GI sugar and 13% for those who consumed sugar with a normal-GI. The variation in sugar levels was also more contained in the interventional group. A by-product of the study design shows that constant glucose monitoring could raise awareness, and may foster reduction in blood sugar levels. Portioned food was capable of reducing blood sugar levels, with elevated levels of compliance just after start. Conclusions: Even though the ultimate aim is to reduce sugar consumption by diabetic patients, the intake of a low-GI sugar seems to be less harmful than normal sugar. Compared to using normal sugar for the preparation of portioned foods, the use of a low-GI sugar is encouraged as part of a wider plan for the management of diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Low-Glycemic-Index Sugar in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: a Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Steciuk ◽  
Samia Mahmood Hafez Amir ◽  
Aroushini Goorapah ◽  
Muzzammil Hosenally
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

Abstract Background and ObjectivesThere is a need to re assess the value of low-GI food and its specific components. The effect of one of them, namely low-glycemic-index sugar, is unclear, as its impact is usually confounded when reported in the literature. This study attempts to breach this gap, shedding light on its effect in type 2 diabetic patients and evaluate if it could be considered as part of a dietary plan.Subjects and MethodsThe blood sugar level of twenty (20) type 2 diabetics was monitored using a Continuous Glucose Monitoring system during two phases; firstly, an initial period of 5 days, whereby all the included patients were taking their usual dietary meals. Subjects were then randomized into two groups of equal size before embarking on a second phase; 10 subjects were instructed to eat prepared, portioned and delivered meals, the difference for the second group being that low-GI sugar was used for the preparation. ResultsCompared to baseline (day 1), blood sugar dropped by 18% for the group with low-GI sugar and 13% for those who consumed sugar with a normal-GI. The variation in sugar levels was also more contained in the interventional group. A by-product of the study design shows that constant glucose monitoring could raise awareness, and may foster reduction in blood sugar levels. Portioned food was capable of reducing blood sugar levels, with elevated levels of compliance just after start. ConclusionsEven though the ultimate aim is to reduce sugar consumption by diabetic patients, the intake of a low-GI sugar seems to be less harmful than normal sugar. Compared to using normal sugar for the preparation of portioned foods, the use of a low-GI sugar is encouraged as part of a wider plan for the management of diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Effects of Millet Bran Dietary Fiber and Millet Flour on Dough Development, Steamed Bread Quality, and Digestion In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 912
Author(s):  
Yunlong Li ◽  
Jing Lv ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Yingying Zhu ◽  
Ruiling Shen
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Hydrolysis Rate ◽  
Sensory Acceptability ◽  
Steamed Bread ◽  
Sugar Levels

Twenty-five percent of steamed millet flour (MF) and different contents of dietary fiber (DF) were added to wheat flour (WF). The results showed that 25% of steamed MF and DF had significant effects (p < 0.05) on dough farinographical and tensile properties. With the increase of DF content, the hardness of the steamed bread increased, the elasticity decreased significantly, and the sensory acceptability decreased. The results of digestion showed that the content of rapidly digested starch (RDS) and slowly digested starch (SDS) in MF steamed bread decreased with the increase of DF, while resistant starch (RS) increased. Meanwhile, the starch hydrolysis rate, hydrolysis index (HI), and glycemic index (GI) decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and protein digestibility decreased gradually. Comprehensive evaluation showed that the 2% DF sample had good sensory performance and medium GI, which is beneficial to the control of blood sugar levels. These good functional properties could meet the requirements of a healthy diet.

scholarly journals Glycemic Index of Selected Foods in Jamaica

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Ryan Francis ◽  
Perceval S Bahado-Singh ◽  
Andrew O Wheatley ◽  
Ann Marie Smith ◽  
Helen N Asemota
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Citrullus Vulgaris ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

Background: Fruits, vegetables and legumes for their complex carbohydrates, dietary fiber and micronutrients, should form an essential part of every diet. In order to give good dietary advice to diabetic patients, it is necessary to know the glycemic index of foods commonly consumed locally. The objective of this study was to determine the Glycemic Index (GI) and Glycemic Load (GL) of commonly available and consumed Guava (Psidium guajava), Watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris), Gungo (Cajanus cajan), Papaya (Carica papaya) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in Jamaica. Methods: Ten (10) healthy Jamaican subjects (5 males, 5 females) with mean age 30 ± 2 years and mean BMI 25 ± 1 kg/m2 were recruited to the study. Using a non-blind, crossover design trial, the subjects consumed 50 (or 25) grams of available carbohydrate portions of glucose (standard food) and test foods after an overnight fast and their serum glucose levels were determined at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after the consumption of each test food. Glucose was tested on three separate occasions, and the test foods once. The GI value was calculated geometrically by expressing the Incremental Area Under the Blood Glucose Curve (IAUC) for the test foods as a percentage of each subject's average IAUC for the standard food. Results: The results indicated that the IAUC for Watermelon (95 ± 11) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of Tomato (37 ± 12), and Gungo (58 ± 13). The differences in IAUC of Watermelon (95 ± 11), Guava (83 ± 27) and Papaya (80 ± 7) were not statistically significant. Similarly, there was no significant difference in GI among the samples studied. Conclusion: Tomato, Gungo, Papaya Watermelon and Guava were shown to have low glycemic index and glycemic load values.

scholarly journals Superior haplotypes towards development of low glycemic index rice with preferred grain and cooking quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramchander Selvaraj ◽  
Arun Kumar Singh ◽  
Vikas Kumar Singh ◽  
Ragavendran Abbai ◽  
Sonali Vijay Habde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Low Glycemic Index ◽  
Trait Associations

AbstractIncreasing trends in the occurrence of diabetes underline the need to develop low glycemic index (GI) rice with preferred grain quality. In the current study, a diverse set of 3 K sub-panel of rice consisting of 150 accessions was evaluated for resistant starch and predicted glycemic index, including nine other quality traits under transplanted situation. Significant variations were noticed among the accessions for the traits evaluated. Trait associations had shown that amylose content possess significant positive and negative association with resistant starch and predicted glycemic index. Genome-wide association studies with 500 K SNPs based on MLM model resulted in a total of 41 marker-trait associations (MTAs), which were further confirmed and validated with mrMLM multi-locus model. We have also determined the allelic effect of identified MTAs for 11 targeted traits and found favorable SNPs for 8 traits. A total of 11 genes were selected for haplo-pheno analysis to identify the superior haplotypes for the target traits where haplotypes ranges from 2 (Os10g0469000-GC) to 15 (Os06g18720-AC). Superior haplotypes for RS and PGI, the candidate gene Os06g11100 (H4-3.28% for high RS) and Os08g12590 (H13-62.52 as intermediate PGI). The identified superior donors possessing superior haplotype combinations may be utilized in Haplotype-based breeding to developing next-generation tailor-made high quality healthier rice varieties suiting consumer preference and market demand.

scholarly journals PENURUNAN INDEKS GLIKEMIK BERAS PRATANAK DENGAN BAHAN BAKU GABAH KERING PANEN (GKP)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Rahmawati Nurdjannah ◽  
Sarah Anita Apriliani ◽  
Sri Widowati
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Component Ratio ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Parboiled Rice

<p>Mayoritas masyarakat Indonesia menyukai beras dengan tekstur pulen yang memiliki kandungan amilosa rendah dan cenderung memiliki Indeks Glikemik (IG) tinggi. Respon glikemik beras selain dipengaruhi oleh sifat fisiko-kimianya, dipengaruhi juga oleh proses pengolahan, penyimpanan, ratio komponen amilosa dan amilopektin pada pangan, indeks gelatinisasi dan ukuran partikel pati, komponen pangan lain, dan asam-asam organik. Proses pratanak terbukti mampu menurunkan nilai indeks glikemik pada beras gabah kering giling (GKG), namun belum pernah dilakukan pada Gabah Kering Panen (GKP), bila dilihat dari kadar airnya dapat mempercepat proses perendaman,dan menghemat biaya produksi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari-April 2016. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Besar Litbang Pasca Panen. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah GKP dan GKG dari varietas Inpari 24 (beras merah). Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap faktorial tiga kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah bahan baku (GKP dan GKG) dan faktor kedua adalah lama perendaman (3 dan 4 jam). Parameter analisa yang dilakukan adalah mutu fisik beras, proksimat, serat pangan, gula total, pati, amilosa, daya cerna pati, serat kasar dan Indeks Glikemik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mutu fisik beras pra tanak dari bahan baku GKP yang direndam selama 4 jam memiliki kadar beras kepala yang lebih tinggi (92,86%) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang lain. Beras pratanak yang berasal dari GKP dan GKG yang direndam selama 4 jam memiliki nilai Indeks Glikemik yang sama yaitu 62 yang lebih rendah dari bahan baku (IG GKP: 84, IG GKG: 72).</p><p> </p><p><strong>Reducing Glycemic Index on Parboiled Rice with Raw Material from Freshly Harvested Paddy</strong></p><p>The majority of Indonesian people liked the rice with a fluffier texture that has a low amylose content and tend to have the Glycemic Index (GI) high. Besides rice glycemic response is influenced by the physic-chemical properties, influenced also by the processing, storage, component ratio of amylose and amylopectin in food, gelatinization index and particle size starch. Parboiled process is proven to reduce the glycemic index value of dried paddy (DP), but it has never been done on wet paddy (WP). The study was conducted in February-April 2016. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Postharvest Research and Development. The raw materials used are DHR and DMR of Inpari 24 (brown rice). The study was conducted on a laboratory scale with a completely randomized factorial design of three replications. The first factor is the raw material (DHR and DMR) and the second factor is the soaking time (3 and 4 hours). Parameter analysis performed is physical quality rice, proximate, dietary fiber, total sugar, starch, amylose, starch digestibility, crude fiber, color and the Glycemic Index. Results showed physical quality of rice parboiled of raw materials DHR soaked for 4 hours had levels higher head rice (92.86%) compared to other treatments. Parboiled rice originating from DHR and DMR soaked for 4 hours to have the same value of the glycemic index was 62 lower than the raw material (IG DHR: 84, IG DMR: 72).</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p>

scholarly journals INDEKS GLIKEMIK COOKIES SORGUM (SORGHUM BICOLOR) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG KACANG MERAH (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS) PRATANAK

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Tri Kusuma Agung Puruhita
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Area Under Curve ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
White Bread ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Red Bean ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

Background: The prevalence of diabetes is increasing, one of the pillars of intervention is the provision of high-fiber or complex carbohydrates food. Sorghum as local food has the potential to manufacture as cookies diabetes because it contains fiber and low glycemic index. Foods with a low glycemic index help to prevent against high blood glucose fluctuation. Levels of resistant starch can be improved with the addition of parboiled red beans fluor. Parboiled process aims to improve the digestibility and resistant starch level of red beans. Objective: Determine parboiled red beans fluor % addition which still preferred by consumer panelists, and then determine the glycemic index of cookies sorghum with the addition of selected parboiled red beans fluor. Methods: Experimental study, the first stage was organoleptic test with randomized block design. 6 treatments of parboiled red bean flour and three replications. The addition consists of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%. The second stage was the determination of the glycemic index. The subject had to fasting for 10 hours, consumed white bread, and then measured the glycemic response at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 minute. Four days later the same step repeated with cookies sorghum as food had to consumed. Glycemic index values determined by comparing the inceremental area under curve of cookies sorghum with the incremental area under curve of white bread. Results: The addition of parboiled red bean flour preference is 30%. Cookies sorgum glycemic index was 48.5Conclusion: Cookies sorghum can be used as a snack food for healthy people because it has a low glycemic index

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