scholarly journals Crimes of Consumption: Polemical uses of Gluttony and Cannibalism in English Print, 1580-1625

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rata Lanei Alexander
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Empirical Science ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Excessive Consumption ◽  
Competition For Resources

<p>Attacks on excessive consumption are an enduring theme in Western biblical and Greco- Roman thought. This dissertation attempts to unravel the cultural and political context of two such critiques. The 'culture' of gluttony at the Court of King James still stands as a stereotype largely left unchanged by the recent revisionist historiography. This dissertation argues that James's Court was unexceptional when placed in the context of other English and European Courts. Polemical attacks on the culture of 'gluttony' at the Court of King James were motivated by political contest. Proximity to the King's person allowed for unrivalled privilege and reward. The attacks on James's new favourites came from the old nobility, once at the centre, and now relegated to the periphery, while those targeted, James's 'new men', came from the periphery. Competition for resources also informed the allegations of cannibalism made against New World peoples. Under the Spanish, attacks against the 'cannibals' at the periphery were designed to justify the appropriation of their resources. The English, when their opportunity came, could no longer convincingly accuse those at the periphery of cannibalism. New economic arguments and empirical science together promoted a new focus on 'culture', which suggested that Amerindians belonged at the periphery. At some stage in their 'development' and under proper Christian tutelage, and if they behaved themselves, they might be incorporated into the centre. In the meantime, English 'trade and friendship'  would assist in their education. This dissertation makes an original contribution by demonstrating that bodily practices sit at the heart of enduring political contests.</p>

scholarly journals Crimes of Consumption: Polemical uses of Gluttony and Cannibalism in English Print, 1580-1625

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rata Lanei Alexander
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Empirical Science ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Excessive Consumption ◽  
Competition For Resources

<p>Attacks on excessive consumption are an enduring theme in Western biblical and Greco- Roman thought. This dissertation attempts to unravel the cultural and political context of two such critiques. The 'culture' of gluttony at the Court of King James still stands as a stereotype largely left unchanged by the recent revisionist historiography. This dissertation argues that James's Court was unexceptional when placed in the context of other English and European Courts. Polemical attacks on the culture of 'gluttony' at the Court of King James were motivated by political contest. Proximity to the King's person allowed for unrivalled privilege and reward. The attacks on James's new favourites came from the old nobility, once at the centre, and now relegated to the periphery, while those targeted, James's 'new men', came from the periphery. Competition for resources also informed the allegations of cannibalism made against New World peoples. Under the Spanish, attacks against the 'cannibals' at the periphery were designed to justify the appropriation of their resources. The English, when their opportunity came, could no longer convincingly accuse those at the periphery of cannibalism. New economic arguments and empirical science together promoted a new focus on 'culture', which suggested that Amerindians belonged at the periphery. At some stage in their 'development' and under proper Christian tutelage, and if they behaved themselves, they might be incorporated into the centre. In the meantime, English 'trade and friendship'  would assist in their education. This dissertation makes an original contribution by demonstrating that bodily practices sit at the heart of enduring political contests.</p>

scholarly journals Negotiating a New World View in Acts 1.8? A Note on the Expression ἕως ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Peter-Ben Smit
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
World View ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World

This article argues that the expression ‘to the end of the earth’ in Acts 1.8, while not referring to one specific geographical location, as has often been argued in contemporary scholarship on Acts, is best understood as a way of (re)ordering the world geographically and, therefore, ideologically. Drawing on Greco-Roman geographical and literary conventions, the article suggests that the author of Acts invites the work's readers to look at the world in a new way, with Jerusalem and the gospel emanating from it as its centre – and the rest, including Rome, as its ideological (and therefore geographical) periphery. In this way, Acts proceeds to renegotiate the ‘world-view’ of its readers in an intercultural and subversive way.

scholarly journals Los antiguos en el Nuevo Mundo. Reflexiones de los jesuitas José de Acosta y Alonso de Ovalle sobre el origen de los nativos americanos, siglos XVI-XVII

2018 ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Carolina Valenzuela Matus
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
New World ◽  
Rational Method ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Accurate Knowledge ◽  
Roman People ◽  
Ancient Civilizations ◽  
Jose De Acosta

Durante los siglos XVI y XVII, cronistas y evangelizadores europeos defendieron algunas teorías de poblamiento que sostenían que los nativos americanos provenían de pueblos bíblicos y grecorromanos. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las reflexiones realizadas sobre esta materia por los jesuitas José de Acosta y Alonso de Ovalle, considerando que hubo un tiempo en que las exploraciones geográficas y un conocimiento más cabal del continente privilegió el valor de la evidencia y la experiencia. Este artículo pretende demostrar que los jesuitas aquí estudiados tuvieron una postura escéptica sobre estas teorías, adhiriendo a un método racional moderno desde el que realizaron sus propuestas sobre poblamiento, prescindiendo de la presencia de las antiguas civilizaciones pero manteniendo la idea del monogenismo bíblico.Palabras clave: Monogenismo bíblico, tradición clásica, jesuitas, poblamiento.Ancients in the New World. Reflections by Jesuits José de Acosta and Alonso de Ovalle about the origin of Native Americans, 16th-17th centuriesAbstractDuring the Sixteenth and Seventeenth centuries, European chroniclers and evangelizers defended some settlement theories that held that Native Americans came from Biblical and Greco-Roman people. This article is aimed to analyze the reflections made on this subject by Jesuits José de Acosta and Alonso de Ovalle, considering that there was a time when geographical explorations and a more accurate knowledge of the continent privileged the value of evidence and experience. This article tries to demonstrate that Jesuits here studied had a skeptical position on these theories adhering to a modern rational method from which they made their proposals on settlement, dispensing with the presence of ancient civilizations but maintaining the idea of biblical monogenism.Keywords: Biblical monogenism, classic tradition, Jesuits, settlement.Os antigos no Novo Mundo. Reflexões dos jesuítas José de Acosta e Alonso de Ovalle sobre a origem dos nativos americanos, séculos XVI-XVIIResumoDurante os séculos XVI e XVII, cronistas e evangelizadores europeus defenderam algumas teorias de assentamentos que sustentavam que os nativos americanos procediam dos povos bíblicos e greco-romanos. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as reflexões feitas sobre este assunto pelos jesuítas José de Acosta e Alonso de Ovalle, considerando que houve um tempo onde as explorações geográficas e um conhecimento mais preciso do continente privilegiaram o valor da evidência e da experiência. Este artigo pretende demonstrar que os jesuítas aqui estudados tiveram uma posição cética sobre essas teorias que aderiram a um método racional moderno a partir do qual eles fizeram suas propostas sobre o assentamento, prescindindo a presença de civilizações antigas, mas mantendo a ideia do monogenismo bíblico.Palavras-chave: Monogenismo bíblico, tradição clássica, jesuítas, assentamento.

Evangelization of the “New World”: An Old World Perspective

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casiano Floristán ◽  
Michael Keefe
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
New World ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Old World ◽  
World Perspective

The theological and political context of fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Spain and Portugal must be taken into account if one wants to understand the motivations and methods of the first missionaries to the New World. Rather than an evangelization, therefore, we need to speak of a catechization of the indigenous peoples of America, even though this process, and the abuses that followed, came under constant critique throughout the colonial era.

„Teraz nic nie wiadomo”. Apokalipsa niespełniona w Stacji Abbesses Stefanii Zahorskiej

2017 ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Jakub Osiński
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
New World ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Social Consciousness ◽  
The Political ◽  
Nuclear Threat ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post War ◽  
Social Views

The article undertakes the analysis of social views on an atomic bomb in Stacja Abbesses by Stefania Zahorska. The author refers to the political context and proves that the forgotten short story is a literary voice of reason in the post-war discussion held in exile on the possibility of the outbreak of a new world conflict. However, this is also a fascinating record of the post-war state of the social consciousness of the nuclear threat, its course, effects etc., which can be regarded as the second thesis of the article.

Impacts of Imperial Interests on Health and Economy in the Byzantine Near East

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan A. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
New World ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Population Movement ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Porotic Hyperostosis ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Greco Roman

Perry’s research in Jordan spans the divide between investigations of the imperialism and colonialism in the Old World versus the New World, and between prehistory versus history. She probes the effects of the early Byzantine empire on health and quality of life at the sites of Faynan and Aila in Jordan. With textual, material, and archaeological data, she notes that life under imperial rule in these regions was not as drastically different as life under imperial rule by the Europeans, since the Nabataeans had established social and political structures that were influenced by Greco-Roman ones. However, she is able to establish that as influence of Byzantine imperial rule waxed and waned, lives and health of the imperial subjects at Faynan and Aila similarly wavered. She explores quality of life and health through the exploration of dental enamel hypoplasias, periostitis, porotic hyperostosis/cribra orbitalia, as well as strontium ratios, which may act as proxies for either population movement or for dietary diversity.

Qarābādhīn (Pharmacopoeia) in Greeco-Arabian era : A Historical and Regulatory Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Mohd Akhtar Ali ◽  
Hamiduddin
Keyword(s):  
Health Sciences ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Greek Language ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Regulatory Status ◽  
Regulatory Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
History Of

Qarābādhīn can be termed as pharmacopoeia, contains compiled form of compound formulations or recipes. Importance of Qarābādhīn gradually increased and acquired an imperative status. The history of Qarābādhīn starts from Chiron, Aesculapius, Hippocrates, Dioscorides and Galen in Greco-Roman era. Many of early and medieval Islamic and Arab physicians play vital role and immense original contribution in this discipline and authored important and essential Qarābādhīn with systemic and scientific approaches. Although some of them could not reach the present day, many of the manuscripts can be found in various libraries across the world. Since the Arab Caliphates appreciated and patronized the fields of medicine acquired from Greeks and worked for its development, this period also known as “Greco-Arabic era”. In this work the evaluation of Qarābādhīn (particularly written in Arabic or Greek language) was done in historical and regulatory perspective particularly in Greek era and later on in Medieval Islamic era. The findings of the review indicate the importance and regulatory status of Qarābādhīn and provide information about it. It can be helpful to explore Qarābādhīn and related publications of Greek and Medieval Islamic Arabic period, which gives foundations for the present-day pharmacopeias. Since these documents also take into account ethical considerations, its utility in the fields of medicine and medical ethics should be investigated.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 04 October’21 Page: 388-404

Mark 8–16

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Gospel Of Mark ◽  
Political Context ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Religious Context ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Lay People ◽  
Jewish Revolt

In the final nine chapters of the Gospel of Mark, Jesus increasingly struggles with his disciples’ incomprehension of his unique concept of suffering messiahship and with the opposition of the religious leaders of his day. The Gospel recounts the events that led to Jesus’ arrest, trial, and crucifixion by the Roman authorities, concluding with an enigmatic ending in which Jesus’ resurrection is announced but not displayed. In this volume New Testament scholar Joel Marcus offers a new translation of Mark 8–16 as well as extensive commentary and notes. He situates the narrative within the context of first-century Palestine and the larger Greco-Roman world; within the political context of the Jewish revolt against the Romans (66–73 C.E.); and within the religious context of the early church’s sometimes rancorous engagement with Judaism, pagan religion, and its own internal problems. For religious scholars, pastors, and interested lay people alike, the book provides an accessible and enlightening window on the second of the canonical Gospels.

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