scholarly journals P(a)lace of Consumption: Architecture, the Revitalisation of Space through Shopping Mall Design Principles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zachary Blue
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Retail Environment ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Business Sustainability ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual

<p>Architecture can be regarded as both a product for the retail environment and as a medium which can influence change in contemporary society. Within the context of the retail environment, architecture becomes intrinsically associated with the concepts of business sustainability because of the needs from investors challenging the needs of the public. Business sustainability within the retail environment is concerned with the success of the tenants occupying the investors' assets whilst the architectural sustainability focuses upon the public acceptance of the space that is transformed once being constructed and in the future. Furthermore, the architecture within the retail environment encapsulates the utilisation of space, crime and neglect prevention, retail attractiveness and targeting users through urban design principles. The research identifies the gap between the urban design principles and the individual business success within the inner-city. This thesis explores the coordination of the urban design principles and shopping mall design principles upon the existing urban fabric which is set to revitalise and improve dilapidated areas within the Wellington inner-city. This is to not only improve the retail location, but also the residential environment which is ever increasing. The shopping mall design principles have been integrated into the retail urban fabric and as the research states, shopping mall design is more successful than the individual street retail by improving the productivity of the businesses as well as allowing a higher grade of space to be created with the additional income and mutual design motivation. Although the shopping mall design principles are traditionally implemented upon a single ownership environment and as such allows a decision to be made through a single official, the inner-city is filled with multiple owners upon the one site which adds limitations to the design that can be manipulated. As such, this thesis designs as though the site is organised under a collective, allowing a common goal to be achieved. The important successful shopping mall design principles have been segregated into four clusters; anchors, configuration, interior aesthetic and control. These clusters combined with the common urban design principles allow the individual small business owners to challenge the large-scale retail businesses putting them out of business. Also, national and international urban and shopping mall precedents have been analysed as showing physical representations of the research studied in the literature review. The design being placed upon a dilapidated area within the Wellington inner-city the success of the design case study will determine the future success of the idea migrating into other areas of Wellington's inner-city. The idea that beginning the concept in the worst case scenario would allow the design to act as a catalyst for growth into already established market areas such as Cuba Street and Courtenay Place.</p>

scholarly journals P(a)lace of Consumption: Architecture, the Revitalisation of Space through Shopping Mall Design Principles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zachary Blue
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Retail Environment ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Business Sustainability ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual

<p>Architecture can be regarded as both a product for the retail environment and as a medium which can influence change in contemporary society. Within the context of the retail environment, architecture becomes intrinsically associated with the concepts of business sustainability because of the needs from investors challenging the needs of the public. Business sustainability within the retail environment is concerned with the success of the tenants occupying the investors' assets whilst the architectural sustainability focuses upon the public acceptance of the space that is transformed once being constructed and in the future. Furthermore, the architecture within the retail environment encapsulates the utilisation of space, crime and neglect prevention, retail attractiveness and targeting users through urban design principles. The research identifies the gap between the urban design principles and the individual business success within the inner-city. This thesis explores the coordination of the urban design principles and shopping mall design principles upon the existing urban fabric which is set to revitalise and improve dilapidated areas within the Wellington inner-city. This is to not only improve the retail location, but also the residential environment which is ever increasing. The shopping mall design principles have been integrated into the retail urban fabric and as the research states, shopping mall design is more successful than the individual street retail by improving the productivity of the businesses as well as allowing a higher grade of space to be created with the additional income and mutual design motivation. Although the shopping mall design principles are traditionally implemented upon a single ownership environment and as such allows a decision to be made through a single official, the inner-city is filled with multiple owners upon the one site which adds limitations to the design that can be manipulated. As such, this thesis designs as though the site is organised under a collective, allowing a common goal to be achieved. The important successful shopping mall design principles have been segregated into four clusters; anchors, configuration, interior aesthetic and control. These clusters combined with the common urban design principles allow the individual small business owners to challenge the large-scale retail businesses putting them out of business. Also, national and international urban and shopping mall precedents have been analysed as showing physical representations of the research studied in the literature review. The design being placed upon a dilapidated area within the Wellington inner-city the success of the design case study will determine the future success of the idea migrating into other areas of Wellington's inner-city. The idea that beginning the concept in the worst case scenario would allow the design to act as a catalyst for growth into already established market areas such as Cuba Street and Courtenay Place.</p>

Waterfront as the Public Space of the City - Research on the Waterfront Park of the North Bund in Shanghai

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1733-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Xia Yang ◽  
Wei Shang ◽  
Stefania Rusconi ◽  
Beatrice Anne Bruneaux
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Environmental Resources ◽  
Waterfront Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Future Design ◽  
The North ◽  
The Future ◽  
The City

The waterfront development in China faces the problems of landscape, ecology and sustainability. According to the research of the waterfront park in the North Bund of Shanghai, this paper discusses the main issues from the view of urban design and gives possible countermeasures for the future design. In order to make full use of the environmental resources, we should build a connection between the waterfront and the inside city, and provide more opportunities for individuals to keep closing to water.

scholarly journals Transforming everyday public places into thriving third places

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kieran Wells
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Third Places ◽  
Third Place ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Place Theory ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Core

<p>By exploring interactions between architecture, urban design and sociology, this thesis seeks to highlight the disconnection between these disciplines and how they can be integrated into a robust framework. The central question driving this investigation is how integrating third place theory with urban design principles can support and nurture communities within the public realm. In order to achieve this, the thesis outlines third place theory in conjunction with the core urban design principles and highlights the benefits and value by bringing these together. The outcome is an integrated novel framework that effectively brings these bodies of knowledge together.</p>

scholarly journals Transforming everyday public places into thriving third places

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kieran Wells
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Third Places ◽  
Third Place ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Place Theory ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Core

<p>By exploring interactions between architecture, urban design and sociology, this thesis seeks to highlight the disconnection between these disciplines and how they can be integrated into a robust framework. The central question driving this investigation is how integrating third place theory with urban design principles can support and nurture communities within the public realm. In order to achieve this, the thesis outlines third place theory in conjunction with the core urban design principles and highlights the benefits and value by bringing these together. The outcome is an integrated novel framework that effectively brings these bodies of knowledge together.</p>

scholarly journals The Basis for Exemption from Criminal Responsibility

2018 ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Blagov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Main Body ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The article considers the reason, adequate cause, justifying exemption from criminal responsibility. In the criminal law literature there are numerous decisions on this issue, but their main body alone can not explain why a person is exempted from criminal responsibility. The author concludes that the basis for such liberation must be sought in the personality of the culprit. Under current criminal legislation, justifying the exemption from criminal responsibility can only be elimination or significant reduction in the public danger of the person who committed the crime. In the future, it is necessary to formulate the relevant provisions of the criminal law so that the basis for this exemption is only elimination of the public danger caused by the individual. Accordingly, Art. 76. 2 and part 1 of Art. 90 are subject to exclusion from the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and, on the contrary, inclusion in the chapter on the exemption from criminal responsibility of the relevant provisions of Art. 80.1 and part 1 of Art. 81 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

The Improvable Imbecile: His Training and Future

1899 ◽  
Vol 45 (188) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
A. R. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Unstable Equilibrium ◽  
Patient Instruction ◽  
The Public ◽  
Vast Amount ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Fair Chance

The cause of the Imbecile has for some time past been a plea which has never failed to elicit the practical sympathy of the public; yet much remains to be done before we have fulfilled our obligation to those who are not lunatics, and are capable, under suitable conditions, of being made self-supporting members of the community. As in this paper I intend to deal chiefly with the future of the improvable imbecile, I think that in the first place the statement that such an individual after training is independently capable of earning his own livelihood is as absurd as it is impossible. I shall presently endeavour to show that without supervision little or nothing can be expected from an imbecile, however highly trained and educated he may be; his whole disposition and temperament away from control completely negatives the supposition, and actual cases have proved that, unless under sympathetic and intelligent guidance, the life of the imbecile as far as usefulness is concerned is not only a blank, but that the individual himself is a burden, and in some instances a nuisance to society and his friends. Secondly, there can be no doubt that much of the careful and patient instruction bestowed upon such cases at the educational establishments is wasted, for the simple reason that at the expiration of their term there many improved imbeciles gravitate to conditions totally unsuitable for them, and under which it is almost impossible to expect that the training which they have received will, so to speak, have a fair chance. On completion of their term of training it may be that in some cases the parents are dead, and there are no relations or guardians to look after them; for a large number there is nothing but the workhouse. Again, their imbecile temperament causes others, perhaps in a moment of pique, to abandon the work which has been obtained for them possibly only by a vast amount of trouble, and they thus become a burden to their relatives. A third section are, away from supervision, incurably vicious, and many in the course of their career become gaol-birds and convicts. The imbecile is one who is totally, or in part, bereft of the faculties necessary to enable him to take a successful part in the battle of life, and I think that it may be safely assumed that, in the whirl of this nineteenth century, with its attributes of high pressure and overcrowding in every direction, the imbecile can of himself secure no place. His appearance, his mental and often physical deficiencies, are all dead against him, and his unstable equilibrium, manifested in uncertainty of temper and morals, renders him in many cases quite unfit to be trusted away from proper care and supervision. In fact, it is unjust and unfair to forget this by exposing these individuals to risks by trusting them too far.

Before Pearl Harbor

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-63
Author(s):  
Robert L. McLaughlin ◽  
Sally E. Parry
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
The State ◽  
Pearl Harbor ◽  
The Public ◽  
World Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Key Largo

A range of deeply held convictions and loudly proclaimed opinions was reflected in the New York theater in the years before Pearl Harbor. Between 1933 and 1941 New York theatergoers saw plays representing multifarious positions, from pacifism and anti-intervention to critiques of fascism. This variety represents the public discourses of the time, a time of confusion and uncertainty, when there was no single way of understanding the problems facing us and no clear path through the problems into the future. Some plays, such as Robert E. Sherwood's Idiot's Delight, Lillian's Hellman's Watch on the Rhine, Robert Ardrey's Thunder R ock, and Maxwell Anderson's Key Largo, used the world crisis as a means of considering the state of the nation during great economic upheaval or the state of the individual as the world teetered toward a war that seemed inevitable.

scholarly journals Beyond Intermediary Liability: The Future of Information Platforms [Yale Law School Workshop Report]

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany Li
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
Law School ◽  
The Public ◽  
Information Intermediaries ◽  
The Future ◽  
Intermediary Liability ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Impact

On February 13, 2018, the Wikimedia/Yale Law School Initiative on Intermediaries and Information (WIII) hosted the workshop, “Beyond Intermediary Liability: The Future of Information Platforms.” Leading experts from industry, civil society, and academia convened at Yale Law School for a series of non-public, guided discussions. The roundtable of experts considered pressing questions related to intermediary liability and the rights, roles, and responsibilities of information platforms in society. Based on conversations from the workshop, WIII published a free, publicly available report detailing the most critical issues necessary for understanding the role of information platforms, such as Facebook and Google, in law and society today. The report highlights insights and questions raised by experts during the event, providing an insider’s view of the top issues that influential thinkers on intermediary liability are considering in law, policy, and ethics. (Nothing in the report necessarily reflects the individual opinions of participants or their affiliated institutions.) Key takeaways from this report include the following: Common Misconceptions on Intermediary LiabilityConsumers and policymakers often (incorrectly) assume it is easy to determine what content to take down and how to do so efficiently. In reality, these decisions are very difficult and require many levels of human (not AI) review.There is no legal requirement for information intermediaries to be “neutral,” but policymakers and the public often assume this incorrectly.Intermediaries and Global NormsInformation intermediaries play a vital role in protecting free speech, free expression, and access to knowledge globally. This is especially crucial for minorities and political dissidents living under authoritarian regimes.It is difficult, and at times impossible, for information intermediaries to comply with conflicting laws from different countries. This can be a barrier to innovation, disproportionately affecting smaller companies and startups.Policymakers should consider the impact that proposed regulations in one jurisdiction may have on people in the rest of the world. Regulations in democratic countries that restrict free online speech or that mandate content takedowns may provide support for illiberal regimes to call for greater censorship of online content.Legal and Policy ProposalsInformation intermediaries are no longer the companies they were when intermediary liability laws first developed, and the role of platforms in society is changing. The law must find a way to flexibly address these changes.A hybrid model of governance, with a larger role for lawmakers and an opportunity for judicial review and a right of reply in content takedown decisions, might better address the competing issues raised in speech regulation.Creating a transparency safe harbor would allow companies to provide more information to the public about their reasons for removing content.Policymakers could consider enacting different levels of regulations for different types of information intermediaries (infrastructure vs. content platforms, small companies vs. large companies, and so on).

The Afterlife of a Dream and the Ritual System of the Epidaurian Asklepieion

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Ahearne-Kroll
Keyword(s):  
Human Action ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Public Display ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Mind

Abstract This study looks at the ways that the healing inscriptions at the Epidauran Asklepieion transfer the private experience of a supplicant into the public realm of the life of the sanctuary. This process imbues the individual dream with a potential for influence that can honor the god in unforeseen ways well into the future. The study then examines the role of one god, Mnēmosyne, in the afterlife of the dream in order to gain an appreciation of the overall ritual system at the Asklepieion. It will be argued that Mnēmosyne plays a key role ritually not just in preserving the memory of the dream for the individual, but also in intellectually ordering the mind for the dreamer to articulate the dream to the sanctuary officials, in enabling the construction and inscription of the account for public display, and in creating opportunities for others to honor Asklepios well into the future and well beyond Epidaurus. Mnēmosyne’s involvement at the Epidauran Asklepieion attests to a complex ritual system of human action within a perceived divine group-effort to benefit the divine and human worlds.

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