scholarly journals Determinants of the Exchange of Support between Parents and their Emerging Adult Offspring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Cissy Li
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Developmental History ◽  
Family Climate ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
First Time ◽  
Time Point

<p>The parent-child relationship is one of the most integral connections throughout the life course (Fingerman, Cheng, Tighe, Birditt, & Zarit, 2012). Research indicates that support readily flows back and forth within this relationship, with parents providing the majority of support when their offspring are in adolescence, and middle aged offspring providing the most when parents reach old age (Hogan, Eggebeen, & Clogg, 1993). Determinants of this supportive exchange that have been investigated include demographic factors such as age, gender, and geographical proximity (Rossi & Rossi, 1990). Substantially less research has investigated the impact of longitudinal determinants, such as the joint developmental history shared by parents and their offspring on the amount of support exchanged between them. Even less research has investigated the links between a shared developmental history and more proximal predictors of supportive exchanges such as filial motives, and their influence on actual support provision. A prediction investigated in the current study was that a positive family climate in adolescence would predict increased supportive exchanges between emerging adult children and their parents. Further, it was posited that a Western conceptualisation of filial motives would mediate the relationship between family climate and the exchange of support, and a new scale was constructed using a theoretical approach to measure this dynamic. This study employed longitudinal data from 338 participants from two time points of the Youth Connectedness Project, five years apart. Participants were aged 12-17 in 2008 at the first time point, and aged 17-23 in 2013 at the second time point. Family climate variables were measured at the first time point, whereas filial motives and the exchange of support were measured at the second time point. A confirmatory factor analysis of a newly constructed filial motives measure indicated a three factor solution of ‘interdependence’, ‘duty’ and ‘independence’. The three aspects of this new construct evidenced unique mediating relationships between family climate variables in adolescence and reported exchange of support five years later. A path analysis constructed with structural equation modelling indicated that engagement in family mutual activities and the degree to which parents granted autonomy directly predicted five years later the amount of support received from caregivers. Notably, family cohesion was the strongest indirect predictor of the provision of support to parents, and this relationship was mediated by filial motives of interdependence and duty. These results collectively support the notion of continuity throughout the life course, and emphasises the need for longitudinal research to better understand the influence of family climate in adolescence on the parent-child relationship later in the life course.</p>

scholarly journals Determinants of the Exchange of Support between Parents and their Emerging Adult Offspring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Cissy Li
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Developmental History ◽  
Family Climate ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
First Time ◽  
Time Point

<p>The parent-child relationship is one of the most integral connections throughout the life course (Fingerman, Cheng, Tighe, Birditt, & Zarit, 2012). Research indicates that support readily flows back and forth within this relationship, with parents providing the majority of support when their offspring are in adolescence, and middle aged offspring providing the most when parents reach old age (Hogan, Eggebeen, & Clogg, 1993). Determinants of this supportive exchange that have been investigated include demographic factors such as age, gender, and geographical proximity (Rossi & Rossi, 1990). Substantially less research has investigated the impact of longitudinal determinants, such as the joint developmental history shared by parents and their offspring on the amount of support exchanged between them. Even less research has investigated the links between a shared developmental history and more proximal predictors of supportive exchanges such as filial motives, and their influence on actual support provision. A prediction investigated in the current study was that a positive family climate in adolescence would predict increased supportive exchanges between emerging adult children and their parents. Further, it was posited that a Western conceptualisation of filial motives would mediate the relationship between family climate and the exchange of support, and a new scale was constructed using a theoretical approach to measure this dynamic. This study employed longitudinal data from 338 participants from two time points of the Youth Connectedness Project, five years apart. Participants were aged 12-17 in 2008 at the first time point, and aged 17-23 in 2013 at the second time point. Family climate variables were measured at the first time point, whereas filial motives and the exchange of support were measured at the second time point. A confirmatory factor analysis of a newly constructed filial motives measure indicated a three factor solution of ‘interdependence’, ‘duty’ and ‘independence’. The three aspects of this new construct evidenced unique mediating relationships between family climate variables in adolescence and reported exchange of support five years later. A path analysis constructed with structural equation modelling indicated that engagement in family mutual activities and the degree to which parents granted autonomy directly predicted five years later the amount of support received from caregivers. Notably, family cohesion was the strongest indirect predictor of the provision of support to parents, and this relationship was mediated by filial motives of interdependence and duty. These results collectively support the notion of continuity throughout the life course, and emphasises the need for longitudinal research to better understand the influence of family climate in adolescence on the parent-child relationship later in the life course.</p>

Social Characteristics as Predictors of ADHD Labeling across the Life Course

2020 ◽  
pp. 215686932091653
Author(s):  
Melissa Thompson ◽  
Lindsey Wilkinson ◽  
Hyeyoung Woo
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
First Time

Although originally considered to be a disorder of childhood, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly being diagnosed for the first time in adulthood. Yet we know little about the social characteristics (race, gender, and social class) of those first labeled in adulthood, how these differ from those first labeled in childhood/adolescence, and whether the ADHD label is applied proportionately across social groups given ADHD symptomology. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, the current research considers how typifications of ADHD affect application of the ADHD label in childhood/adolescence and in adulthood. Results indicate that even after controlling for ADHD symptoms, social characteristics are important predictors of the ADHD label in childhood/adolescence but are less influential in predicting ADHD labeling in adulthood. Additionally, results indicate the importance of race in moderating the association between childhood ADHD symptoms and application of the ADHD label throughout the life course.

scholarly journals AN INTERGENERATIONAL DYADIC APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING GRANDPARENT DEATH WITHIN A FAMILY SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S281-S281
Author(s):  
Margaret M Manoogian ◽  
Heidi Igarashi ◽  
Maggie Leinenweber
Keyword(s):  
Family System ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Intergenerational Relationships ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Family Outcomes ◽  
Family Culture ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
The Life Course

Abstract Due to increased longevity and generational location, grandparent death creates new contexts for identity, family culture, and intergenerational relationships. To explore this loss from two perspectives, we conducted intensive interviews with young adults and their mothers (N = 16) who experienced a recent grandparent (parent) death. Guided by the life course perspective, we were interested to learn how grandparent death may shape identity, meaning, and behaviors among family members, and influence their shared parent-child relationship. Findings suggest that the relationship with the grandparent, the diverse expressions of grief, the navigation of family transitions during and after death, and the curation of grandparent memories influenced individual and family outcomes. Implications suggest the need for varied supports that are sensitive to how individual family members approach grief in distinct ways reflective of their developmental positions, past experiences, and relational expectations.

Parent-Emerging Adult Relationships in the Digital Age

2018 ◽  
pp. 1419-1434
Author(s):  
Justin Peer
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Digital Communication ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Emerging adulthood is a period of life characterized by increased individuation and independence. For emerging adults to successfully navigate this process, many aspects of the parent-child relationship must be renegotiated, including rules and expectations related to communication. The emergence of digital communication technology has provided an added layer to this process. This chapter summarizes research related to the influence of digital technology on parent-emerging adult relations. Early findings suggest that digital influence on this stage of development is complex. This chapter employs a Family Systems perspective to offer insight into how current and historical family functioning influences choices related to the use of digital communication technology and how these choices affect the development of emerging adults. Implications for practice as well as avenues for future research are offered.

scholarly journals Health and Well-Being of Adolescents in Different Family Structures in Germany and the Importance of Family Climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6470
Author(s):  
Max Herke ◽  
Anja Knöchelmann ◽  
Matthias Richter
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Family Climate ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Health And Well Being

The family is of exceptional and lifelong importance to the health of adolescents. Family structure has been linked to children’s and adolescents’ health and well-being; a nuclear family has been shown to be indicative of better health outcomes as compared with a single-parent family or a step-family. Family climate is rarely included in studies on children’s and adolescents’ health and well-being, albeit findings have indicated it is importance. Using data from n = 6838 students aged 12–13 years from the German National Educational Panel Study, this study shows that stronger familial cohesion and better a parent-child relationship are associated with better self-rated health, higher life satisfaction, more prosocial behavior, and less problematic conduct, and that these associations are stronger than those for family structure. Surveys on young people’s health are encouraged to include family climate above and beyond family structure alone.

scholarly journals Characterizing the human methylome across the life course: findings from eight UK-based studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Walton ◽  
Riccardo Marioni ◽  
Hannah R Elliott ◽  
Simon R Cox ◽  
Ian R Deary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cpg Sites ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Developmental Age ◽  
Regression Framework ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
First Time

Variation in DNA methylation (DNAm) is associated with multiple biological processes that track growth and development, ageing and age-related diseases. However, there is little understanding of what constitutes typical patterns of DNAm variation and how these patterns change across the life course. In this study, we synthesised a map of the human methylome across the life course, focussing on changes in variability and mean DNAm. Harmonizing DNAm datasets across eight longitudinal and cross-sectional UK-based studies, we meta-analysed n=13,215 blood samples from n=7,037 unique individuals from birth to 98 years of age. Changes in CpG-specific variability and means were described across the life course using a meta-regression framework. CpG-specific associations of variability or mean DNAm in relation to the likelihood of association with 100 traits linked to environmental exposures, health and disease were tested within and across ten developmental age bins across the life course. Age was linked to DNAm variability at 29,212 CpG sites. On average, we observed a 1.26 fold increase in DNAm variability per year across the life course. 33,730 CpGs displayed changes in mean DNAm, with 64% of these loci showing decreases in DNAm over time. CpG sites linked to traits were in general more variable across the life course. Our study provides, for the first time, a map of the human methylome across the life course, which is publicly accessible through a searchable online database. This resource allows researchers to query CpG-specific trajectories from birth to old age and link these to health and disease.

New Life Courses and Postponed Timing of Home Establishment

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Hans Christian Sandlie
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Housing Consumption ◽  
Data Consumption ◽  
Life Courses ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
First Time

Housing consumption has been rising throughout the post-war era in Norway. However, at the end of the 1990s there was a decline in consumption among young age groups. This tendency is confirmed by newer data: consumption among younger households has stabilised at a lower level than used to be the case. Less of these households are owner-occupiers and they live in smaller dwellings compared to fifteen years ago. In this paper the life course paradigm is used to explain these consumption changes. We find no signs of altering housing preferences among today's youth. The reduced housing consumption among this group can instead be seen in relation to new ways of organising the life course. Postponement of important life events such as completing one's education, entering the labour market, and starting a family of one's own will also postpone the point at which one becomes a homeowner for the first time. The observed decline in housing consumption among young household can, in other words, be understood as a delay in consumption. New life courses among today's youth entail new ways of adapting to the housing market.

scholarly journals Living With Parents and Emerging Adults’ Depressive Symptoms

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (16) ◽  
pp. 2254-2276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Copp ◽  
Peggy C. Giordano ◽  
Monica A. Longmore ◽  
Wendy D. Manning
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Parental Home ◽  
Economic Independence ◽  
Adolescent Relationships ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The Life Course

Whether moving back home after a period of economic independence or having never moved out, the share of emerging adults living with parents is increasing. Yet little is known about the associations of coresidence patterns and rationales for coresidence for emerging adult well-being. Using the Toledo Adolescent Relationships Study ( n = 891), we analyzed depressive symptoms among emerging adults who (a) never left the parental home, (b) returned to the parental home, and (c) were not currently living with a parent. About one fifth of emerging adults had boomeranged or moved back in with their parents. Among those living with parents, nearly two fifths had boomeranged or returned to their parental home and they reported significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms. Among coresident emerging adults, both intrinsic and utilitarian motivations (i.e., enjoy living with parents and employment problems) partially mediated the association between coresidence and depressive symptoms. Returning to the parental home was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms only among emerging adults experiencing employment problems. These findings are especially relevant because the recession hit emerging adults particularly hard. The ability to distinguish boomerang emerging adults and emerging adults who have never left home provides a more nuanced understanding of parental coresidence during this phase of the life course.

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