scholarly journals A HOUSE THAT GROWS ON THE INSIDE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Amy Lane
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Flexible Design ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Alternative Housing ◽  
Incremental Change ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Incremental Construction ◽  
The Cost

<p>With house prices rising so rapidly, many New Zealand families find the stretch to homeownership beyond them. It is now customary to hear of people unable to purchase a property for their needs, in relation to the size of the house, its location or both and the idea of homeownership is fast becoming a pipeline dream for most people. With large upfront costs and large mortgage repayments, the cost of purchasing or building a house is unaffordable for a growing number of the population (Aravena & Lacobelli, 2012; Michael Bassett, 2013). Affordability is a broad notion but in essence, this research portfolio addresses it as the concern for accessibility of New Zealanders to put a roof over their heads. The crux of this issue is the relatively high cost to purchase a place to call home, making housing a commodity to enrich a few. An alternative solution to building and financing a home is needed.  This research portfolio questions how flexible design and incremental construction approaches can be applied to a range of sites typical to the New Zealand context, providing an alternative housing solution that addresses housing affordability. This alternative housing solution demonstrates flexible design and incremental construction tactics derived from the comparative and critical analysis of literature and precedence. These tactics are demonstrated through the design of four typologies that accommodate the users changing needs and financial circumstances. Housing affordability has been addressed by the consideration of these flexible design and incremental construction tactics to allow for incremental investment. As the users, financial circumstances increase or change, the design and construction of their dwelling allows them to make changes easily. This reduces the need for major construction work in order to change the layout and use and it easily allows for the opportunity to expand when the money becomes available. It also averts the necessity to move which in the current property market is costly in terms of finances and time.  To address the aims of this research portfolio, this alternative housing solution inverts the typical process of building and financing a home. It responds effortlessly to the occupant’s requirements, however varied. Incorporating flexible design and incremental construction tactics allows for incremental change and incremental investment over the lifetime of the building. At times when a lack of supply has resulted in rampant price increases, we need to question why, would one build a house that takes a great amount of time, money and effort to construct but so quickly becomes redundant? A dwelling, therefore, shouldn’t be a product. A dwelling should be an ongoing process.</p>

scholarly journals A HOUSE THAT GROWS ON THE INSIDE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Amy Lane
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Flexible Design ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Alternative Housing ◽  
Incremental Change ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Incremental Construction ◽  
The Cost

<p>With house prices rising so rapidly, many New Zealand families find the stretch to homeownership beyond them. It is now customary to hear of people unable to purchase a property for their needs, in relation to the size of the house, its location or both and the idea of homeownership is fast becoming a pipeline dream for most people. With large upfront costs and large mortgage repayments, the cost of purchasing or building a house is unaffordable for a growing number of the population (Aravena & Lacobelli, 2012; Michael Bassett, 2013). Affordability is a broad notion but in essence, this research portfolio addresses it as the concern for accessibility of New Zealanders to put a roof over their heads. The crux of this issue is the relatively high cost to purchase a place to call home, making housing a commodity to enrich a few. An alternative solution to building and financing a home is needed.  This research portfolio questions how flexible design and incremental construction approaches can be applied to a range of sites typical to the New Zealand context, providing an alternative housing solution that addresses housing affordability. This alternative housing solution demonstrates flexible design and incremental construction tactics derived from the comparative and critical analysis of literature and precedence. These tactics are demonstrated through the design of four typologies that accommodate the users changing needs and financial circumstances. Housing affordability has been addressed by the consideration of these flexible design and incremental construction tactics to allow for incremental investment. As the users, financial circumstances increase or change, the design and construction of their dwelling allows them to make changes easily. This reduces the need for major construction work in order to change the layout and use and it easily allows for the opportunity to expand when the money becomes available. It also averts the necessity to move which in the current property market is costly in terms of finances and time.  To address the aims of this research portfolio, this alternative housing solution inverts the typical process of building and financing a home. It responds effortlessly to the occupant’s requirements, however varied. Incorporating flexible design and incremental construction tactics allows for incremental change and incremental investment over the lifetime of the building. At times when a lack of supply has resulted in rampant price increases, we need to question why, would one build a house that takes a great amount of time, money and effort to construct but so quickly becomes redundant? A dwelling, therefore, shouldn’t be a product. A dwelling should be an ongoing process.</p>

scholarly journals Housing Affordability Woes and The State Of Developed Underdevelopment In Penang Island

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khoo Suet Leng ◽  
Nor Malina Malek ◽  
Suziana Mat Yasin
Keyword(s):  
Home Ownership ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Aesthetic Values ◽  
Development Perspective

Housing affordability is a critical issue in Malaysia. This issue is doubly challenging in states like Penang where its topographical make-up is divided into a mainland and an island. The dwindling stock of land in Penang Island has inevitably pushed up house prices. To compound this problem, a combination of policy and socio-economic changes has collectively hiked up the cost of buying a house on the island. This has hindered equal opportunities towards home ownership. Based on a development perspective, this paper attempts to contextualize current housing woes in Penang Island. This paper argues that Penang Island’s physical urban environment has ‘developed’ in terms of aesthetic values and appreciated in monetary terms but actual development in terms of a person’s ‘capability to function’ and enjoy a better quality of life is not progressing in tandem. A critical state of developed underdevelopment is currently unfolding on the island in terms of housing affordability. The recommendations of this paper will contribute towards shaping pragmatic housing policies.  

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF BUBBLES IN THE MALAYSIAN HOUSING MARKET

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohayu Ab. Majid ◽  
Rosli Said ◽  
Chong J.T.S
Keyword(s):  
Business Cycles ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Residential Property ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Housing Bubble ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Housing Bubbles ◽  
Year 2000

Property cycle and housing bubble have been a noteworthy subject of discussion since decades ago. The economic and business cycles have been closely associated with the property cycle as the economic and business factors have certain definite effects on the property market. At some point of the property cycle, the housing bubble will occur. The housing bubble is a trend of unreasonable increase of house prices where the increase is supported by factors that are not economics related. It causes the house prices to be intolerable in terms of housing affordability and the bursting of this housing bubble would lead to the crash of the property market. This paper focuses on using the economic indicators to identify the phases of the residential property cycle in Malaysia from the year 2000 to 2012. Having done so, housing bubbles were analysed using ratio analysis for the year 2012. The results show that housing bubble is yet to become a significant threat to our national property market as it only affects certain areas and housing types.

scholarly journals Why House Prices Increase in the COVID-19 Recession: A Five-Country Empirical Study on the Real Interest Rate Hypothesis

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Chung Yim Yiu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Real Interest Rate ◽  
House Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
The United States ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
The Real

There are substantial rebounds in house prices in many developed economies after the outbreak of COVID-19. It provides a special opportunity to test the real interest rate hypothesis empirically as a “synchronized” price rebound implies a common cause of house price hikes across the economies. This study conducts a panel regression analysis on five economies, namely Australia, Canada, European Union, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, to test the hypothesis. The data range from 2017Q1 to 2021Q1. The results confirm that the real interest rate imposes a negative and significant effect on house price growth rate after controlling for economic growth factors, unemployment factors, and cross-country fixed effects. The empirical result of the five housing markets shows that a 1% fall in the real interest rate caused a 1.5% increase in house prices, ceteris paribus, in this period. It also provides casual evidence refuting the economic growth hypothesis and the migrant hypothesis in New Zealand. The results provide far-reaching practical implications on housing policy and on the ways forward to solve housing affordability problems.

The Cost of Housing: More Than Just Dollars

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
R.J. Fuller ◽  
U.M. de Jong
Keyword(s):  
House Prices ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
The United States ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Residential Property ◽  
The Past ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Cost

Australians were recently awarded the dubious honour of building the largest homes in the world. Our new homes are now seven percent larger than those in the United States and nearly three times larger than those in the United Kingdom. At the same time, the price of an average residential property is now five times what it was 20 years ago. Although incomes have risen over the same period, they have not kept pace with rising house prices. In terms of disposable income, the cost of housing has almost doubled. While traditional housing affordability is measured in terms of house prices and incomes, a broader and more encompassing perspective also indicates that we can no longer ‘afford’ to build houses as we have done in the past. The environmental impact of modern Australian housing is significant. Australians have resisted the need for increased urban density as their capital city populations grow and new houses have been built on the outskirts of the existing cities, encroaching on the greenwedge and agricultural lands, destroying and degrading existing fauna and flora. The houses built have increased carbon emissions because of their size, embodied energy and reliance on the motor car. This paper discusses the environmental ‘affordability’ of current Australian housing and argues that this must be considered alongside traditional affordability criteria so that a more holistic approach to the issues is adopted.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF BUBBLES IN THE MALAYSIAN HOUSING MARKET

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohayu Ab. Majid ◽  
Rosli Said ◽  
Chong J.T.S
Keyword(s):  
Business Cycles ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Residential Property ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Housing Bubble ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Housing Bubbles ◽  
Year 2000

Property cycle and housing bubble have been a noteworthy subject of discussion since decades ago. The economic and business cycles have been closely associated with the property cycle as the economic and business factors have certain definite effects on the property market. At some point of the property cycle, the housing bubble will occur. The housing bubble is a trend of unreasonable increase of house prices where the increase is supported by factors that are not economics related. It causes the house prices to be intolerable in terms of housing affordability and the bursting of this housing bubble would lead to the crash of the property market. This paper focuses on using the economic indicators to identify the phases of the residential property cycle in Malaysia from the year 2000 to 2012. Having done so, housing bubbles were analysed using ratio analysis for the year 2012. The results show that housing bubble is yet to become a significant threat to our national property market as it only affects certain areas and housing types.

Locking down behavioural compliance: The role of emotion and emotion regulation in breaches of COVID-19 mitigation measures in Aotearoa New Zealand

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532110299
Author(s):  
Terise Broodryk ◽  
Kealagh Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Insight Into

Although anxiety and worry can motivate engagement with COVID-19 preventative behaviours, people may cognitively reframe these unpleasant emotions, restoring wellbeing at the cost of public health behaviours. New Zealand young adults ( n = 278) experiencing nationwide COVID-19 lockdown reported their worry, anxiety, reappraisal and lockdown compliance. Despite high knowledge of lockdown policies, 92.5% of participants reported one or more policy breaches ( M  = 2.74, SD = 1.86). Counter to predictions, no relationships were found between anxiety or worry with reappraisal or lockdown breaches. Findings highlight the importance of targeting young adults in promoting lockdown compliance and offer further insight into the role of emotion during a pandemic.

Was India Right in Not Joining RCEP? A Cost–Benefit Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 097492842110477
Author(s):  
Monika Jain
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Trade Diversion ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Trade Creation ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

India dropped out of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), which included the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries, China, South Korea, New Zealand, Japan and Australia, after negotiating for almost seven years in November 2018 on the grounds of national interest and also that free trade agreements (FTAs) did not amount to free trade and led to more trade diversion than trade creation. The cost and benefit of a regional agreement depend on the amount of trade creation with respect to trade diversion (Panagriya, 2000). This study tries to examine India’s concerns and at the same time, highlights the cost of not joining RCEP. India’s trade deficit with 11 out of the 15 RCEP nations has been a major cause of concern. Unfavourable trade balance, concerns about the impact on dairy sector, economic slowdown, past experience with FTA’s, China factor, data localisation, rules of origin, the experience of ASEAN countries with Sino-FTA have been some of the reasons behind India’s decision to opt-out of this mega multilateral agreement. Also, bilateral trade agreements with some RCEP countries such as Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and South Korea were operational. A multilateral trade agreement with ASEAN countries was very much in place. So, trade between India and 12 of the RCEP member countries would not have changed much after India’s inclusion in RCEP. The impact of lower tariffs would have been evident for the remaining three countries: China, Australia and New Zealand. Furthermore, there was fear of a massive surge in imports of manufactures from China, dairy imports from Australia and New Zealand. This study also examines the long term impact of this decision and if India has missed out on becoming a part of the global value chain and gaining greater market access in the Asia Pacific region. India’s policy of import substitution and protectionism did not capitulate desired results in the past. Hence, a critical evaluation of India’s decision and some validation on her concerns and fears have been done.

scholarly journals Modelling the cost differential between healthy and current diets: the New Zealand case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Vandevijvere ◽  
Nick Young ◽  
Sally Mackay ◽  
Boyd Swinburn ◽  
Mark Gahegan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cost Differential ◽  
The Cost
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