scholarly journals Livelihood Impacts of Smallholder Rubber Plantations: Case Studies of Two Communities in Vientiane Province, Lao PDR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Alounxay Onta
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The Government ◽  
Livestock Rearing ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

<p>In Laos rubber plantation investment has increased significantly in recent years, supported by the Government. Farmers decide to cultivate rubber trees in order to generate greater income and diversify their agricultural activities. However, rubber planting also creates impacts on the livelihoods of farmers. This research aims to examine the impacts of rubber plantations on two communities in Vientiane Province. Utilising the sustainable livelihood framework, this research seeks to understand how the introduction of rubber plantations affect livelihood activities, the local land use system, and the environment in the case study communities. Key positive impacts include increased income and job opportunities. However, increased rubber planting reduces the availability of land for crops and livestock rearing and also creates some adverse environmental impacts. Overall, rubber production significantly modifies local agricultural production systems and resource use decision making in communities.</p>

scholarly journals Livelihood Impacts of Smallholder Rubber Plantations: Case Studies of Two Communities in Vientiane Province, Lao PDR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Alounxay Onta
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The Government ◽  
Livestock Rearing ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

<p>In Laos rubber plantation investment has increased significantly in recent years, supported by the Government. Farmers decide to cultivate rubber trees in order to generate greater income and diversify their agricultural activities. However, rubber planting also creates impacts on the livelihoods of farmers. This research aims to examine the impacts of rubber plantations on two communities in Vientiane Province. Utilising the sustainable livelihood framework, this research seeks to understand how the introduction of rubber plantations affect livelihood activities, the local land use system, and the environment in the case study communities. Key positive impacts include increased income and job opportunities. However, increased rubber planting reduces the availability of land for crops and livestock rearing and also creates some adverse environmental impacts. Overall, rubber production significantly modifies local agricultural production systems and resource use decision making in communities.</p>

scholarly journals An Examination of Rural Homestay Operations through the Lens of the Sustainable Livelihood Framework: A Case Study of Phou Khao Khouay National Park Community-Based Tourism (PKK NP CBT), Lao PDR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Khamsavay Pasanchay
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Culture Shock ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood Framework ◽  
The Government

<p>In many developing countries, Community-Based Tourism (CBT) is regarded as a sustainable tourism development tool as well as a catalyst for rural community development through the involvement of local people and the improvement of the standard of living. To extend the involvement of the local community in CBT, homestay tourism is a form of operation unit and its concept aims to facilitate individual household social-cultural and economic benefit from CBT directly. Although homestays are widely regarded as providing better livelihoods directly to the homestay operators, it is not clear to what extent homestay operations actually contribute to the sustainable livelihood of homestay operators when considering the wider livelihood implications. This research seeks to explore this gap by analysing homestay operators through the lens of Sustainable Livelihood theory (Scoones, 1998). This research adopts a post-positivist paradigm with qualitative methodology. Taking a case study approach, semi-structured interviews and observations were employed to collect primary data from community leaders, heads and deputy heads of the tourist guides, and homestay operators themselves.  Results of the study found that although homestay tourism was initially established by the government. The study also found the main characteristics of the homestay operation are in a small size with a limitation of bedrooms, and a few family members involved in hosting tourists, which are husband, wife, and an adult child. All of these people are unpaid labour but receive benefits from the sharing of food and shelter. The study also uncovered that cash-based income, gender empowerment enhancement, and environmental enhancement were the positive impacts of homestay tourism on the livelihoods of the homestay operators, and these positive livelihood outcomes were in line with the original sustainable livelihood framework. In addition, cultural revitalisation was found as an emerged indicator of the sustainable livelihood outcomes, which was used to extend the revised framework. However, the study discovered that opportunity costs, culture shock, and conflict with villagers were negative implications affecting sustainable livelihood outcomes of the homestay operators. The revised Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF) suggests that if these negative implications are mitigated, the overall livelihood outcomes will be even greater. The results of this study are expected to provide a deeper understanding of how the impacts of homestay tourism on the sustainable livelihood of the homestay operators.</p>

scholarly journals Prosperity factors of agricultural companies in the SR in the LFA after the EU integration

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľ. Szabo ◽  
M. Grznár
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
Intensive Production ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems ◽  
The Eu

The agricultural production in less favoured areas (LFA) should, first of all, fulfil the non-production goals, as is the nature and environment protection and job opportunities generation. These goals could be achieved within the conditions of sustainable agricultural production systems. This paper is aimed on the analysis of how the companies operating in marginal conditions realize commercial principles and targets specified for the LFA conditions. The obtained knowledge indicates that the managers of majority of the companies do not respect the recommendations and persist in the intensive production in spite of the unfavourable conditions.

scholarly journals Gender analysis of livelihood strategies among ethnic households in Northern Laos: From subsistence agriculture to rubber plantations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoko Kusakabe ◽  
Chanthavisith Chanthoumphone
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Subsistence Agriculture ◽  
Gender Analysis ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Early Adopters ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Social Interface

<p>The study examined livelihood changes in eight villages in Luang Namtha province of northern Lao PDR following the expansion in rubber plantations and analyzed its impact on gender roles and relations. The differential impact of rubber plantation was analyzed on the basis of location (distance from border), infrastructure (distance from roads), land ownership (concession, small farmhold) and timeline for entry into rubber plantations. Early adopters located near the border were able to gain maximum benefit from rubber plantations and these benefits were instrumental in transforming gender roles and relations in favor of women. The study showed used the concept of Long’s ‘social interface’ to argue the diversity in coping strategies employed by women and men in different locations and contexts, and questioned the sustainability of these livelihood changes.</p><p> </p>

Gender analysis of livelihood strategies among ethnic households in Northern Laos: From subsistence agriculture to rubber plantations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoko Kusakabe ◽  
Chanthavisith Chanthoumphone
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Subsistence Agriculture ◽  
Gender Analysis ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Early Adopters ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Social Interface

<p>The study examined livelihood changes in eight villages in Luang Namtha province of northern Lao PDR following the expansion in rubber plantations and analyzed its impact on gender roles and relations. The differential impact of rubber plantation was analyzed on the basis of location (distance from border), infrastructure (distance from roads), land ownership (concession, small farmhold) and timeline for entry into rubber plantations. Early adopters located near the border were able to gain maximum benefit from rubber plantations and these benefits were instrumental in transforming gender roles and relations in favor of women. The study showed used the concept of Long’s ‘social interface’ to argue the diversity in coping strategies employed by women and men in different locations and contexts, and questioned the sustainability of these livelihood changes.</p><p> </p>

Research on the Effectiveness of Black-Faced Spoonbill Bird Tourism and Conservation Strategy. A Case Study of Shifen Community at Chi-Gu District of Tainan City

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 313
Author(s):  
Chih-Jan HUANG ◽  
Yung-Nane YANG
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Tourism Resource ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Tainan City ◽  
The Government ◽  
Depth Interviews

In this study, the concept of ecotourism serves as the framework for the investigation of black-faced spoonbill tourism and conservation strategies implemented in Shifen, a community in the Chi-Gu District of Tainan City. It featured an examination of the formulation, planning, and implementation of the conservation strategies and conducted in-depth interviews on individuals from the public sector, local residents, tourists, and nongovernment organizations. Research results identified numerous problems: latent concerns regarding black-faced spoonbills as a tourism resource, poor awareness of ecotourism, difficulties in implementing black-faced spoonbill tourism and conservation strategies, and difficulty maintaining a balance between conservation and residents’ livelihoods. The government is advised to integrate the opinions and suggestions of local residents, promote community participation, and increase job opportunities for local residents to create a win-win model for the development of community-based ecotourism.

Amalan Pengurusan Perniagaan Usahawan Tani IKS Bumiputera: Satu Kajian Kes Di Negeri Terengganu

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramlee Mustapha ◽  
Nurulhuda Che Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Site Visit ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Pertinent Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
Value Add

Sektor pertanian di negara kita sedang mengalami transformasi ke arah yang lebih dinamik dan kompetitif. Sektor ini amat penting, bukan sahaja kerana ianya dapat membantu menjana pertumbuhan ekonomi negara malahan memberi peluang pekerjaan kepada rakyat. Pembangunan Industri Kecil dan Sederhana (IKS) berasaskan pertanian telah diberi penekanan di dalam Dasar Pertanian Negara memandangkan potensinya di dalam mewujudkan peluang–peluang pekerjaan dan menambah nilai (value–added) hasil pengeluaran pertanian. Walaupun dasar dan inisiatif kerajaan untuk menjadikan Malaysia pusat pengeluaran makanan di peringkat global pada 2010 namun pencapaian usahawan tani terutama kaum Bumiputera masih pada tahap yang rendah. Kajian kes ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Untuk mengumpul data – satu set soal selidik, protokol temubual dan senarai pemerhatian telah dibina berdasarkan objektif kajian dan tinjauan literatur. Seramai 10 orang usahawan tani (5 lelaki dan 5 wanita) di negeri Terengganu telah dipilih berdasarkan kriteria kejayaan ushawan dalam memajukan perniagaan mereka. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan amalan pengurusan perniagaan dari persepsi usahawan tani Bumiputera yang dikaji berada pada tahap yang tinggi (min=4.43, sp=0.55). Walaupun begitu, hasil temubual mendapati usahawan tani yang dikaji mengakui bahawa amalan pengurusan pemasaran mereka masih di tahap yang lemah manakala hasil pemerhatian pula menunjukkan amalan pengurusan kewangan responden masih di tahap tidak memuaskan. Kata kunci: Sektor pertanian; industri kecil dan sederhana; usahawan tani; Bumiputera; Malaysia Agriculture in this country is experiencing significant transformation towards a more dynamic and competitive sector. This sector is critical in the sense that it is not only contributing to economic growth but also to creating job opportunities. The development of agro–based small and medium industries (SMI) is emphasised the nation’s Agriculture Policy because it is expected to value add the agro–products. Even tough the move by the government to make Malaysia a global hub for food production and chain by 2010, the achievement of SMI Bumiputera agropreneurs is still at low level. This case study utilised quantitative and qualitative approaches. Based on the research objectives and literature review, a set of questionnaires, interview protocol and site visit checklist was developed in order to collect pertinent data for this study. A sample of 10 agropreneurs (5 males and 5 females) in the state of Terengganu was selected based on their success profile in the business. The study found that the respondents strongly agreed (m=4.43, sd=0.55) that their business practices were in order. However, the result of the interview reveals that the participants acknowledged that their marketing strategies were weak. Further, the results of the site visit and document analysis show that, in general, the participants’ management of finances and account were poor. Key words: Agriculture; small and medium industries (SMI); agropreneurs, Bumiputera; Malaysia

scholarly journals An Examination of Rural Homestay Operations through the Lens of the Sustainable Livelihood Framework: A Case Study of Phou Khao Khouay National Park Community-Based Tourism (PKK NP CBT), Lao PDR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Khamsavay Pasanchay
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Culture Shock ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood Framework ◽  
The Government

<p>In many developing countries, Community-Based Tourism (CBT) is regarded as a sustainable tourism development tool as well as a catalyst for rural community development through the involvement of local people and the improvement of the standard of living. To extend the involvement of the local community in CBT, homestay tourism is a form of operation unit and its concept aims to facilitate individual household social-cultural and economic benefit from CBT directly. Although homestays are widely regarded as providing better livelihoods directly to the homestay operators, it is not clear to what extent homestay operations actually contribute to the sustainable livelihood of homestay operators when considering the wider livelihood implications. This research seeks to explore this gap by analysing homestay operators through the lens of Sustainable Livelihood theory (Scoones, 1998). This research adopts a post-positivist paradigm with qualitative methodology. Taking a case study approach, semi-structured interviews and observations were employed to collect primary data from community leaders, heads and deputy heads of the tourist guides, and homestay operators themselves.  Results of the study found that although homestay tourism was initially established by the government. The study also found the main characteristics of the homestay operation are in a small size with a limitation of bedrooms, and a few family members involved in hosting tourists, which are husband, wife, and an adult child. All of these people are unpaid labour but receive benefits from the sharing of food and shelter. The study also uncovered that cash-based income, gender empowerment enhancement, and environmental enhancement were the positive impacts of homestay tourism on the livelihoods of the homestay operators, and these positive livelihood outcomes were in line with the original sustainable livelihood framework. In addition, cultural revitalisation was found as an emerged indicator of the sustainable livelihood outcomes, which was used to extend the revised framework. However, the study discovered that opportunity costs, culture shock, and conflict with villagers were negative implications affecting sustainable livelihood outcomes of the homestay operators. The revised Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF) suggests that if these negative implications are mitigated, the overall livelihood outcomes will be even greater. The results of this study are expected to provide a deeper understanding of how the impacts of homestay tourism on the sustainable livelihood of the homestay operators.</p>

scholarly journals A regional agricultural model for reallocation of water resources in central-eastern Tunisia

New Medit ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Houcine JEDER ◽  
Zina DBOUBA ◽  
Ayoub FOUZAI
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Regional Models ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

Good management of water resources requires a good allocation of their availability, especially in public irrigated schemes in Tunisia. This paper contributes to a better reallocation of available water resources at the farm and regional levels. A case study was discussed in the Kalâa Kebira region, in the center-east of Tunisia. Regional models based on aggregation and the possibility of water transfer between two irrigated schemes was tested. The results show that a good seasonal allocation is possible with a total regional exchange of 9.60% m3 of water available between these two schemes. This reallocation is beneficial at the regional level, recording an increase of 2.12% in agricultural income and less beneficial, except for farms that are less competitive, in terms of use of water resources. This reallocation also allows for cultural diversity and specification of agricultural farms. Competitiveness in the water use, diversification and specification of agricultural production systems help to preserve natural resources but they also help to satisfy demand of the regional market.Good management of water resources requires a good allocation of their availability, especially in public irrigated schemes in Tunisia. This paper contributes to a better reallocation of available water resources at the farm and regional levels. A case study was discussed in the Kalâa Kebira region, in the center-east of Tunisia. Regional models based on aggregation and the possibility of water transfer between two irrigated schemes was tested. The results show that a good seasonal allocation is possible with a total regional exchange of 9.60% m3 of water available between these two schemes. This reallocation is beneficial at the regional level, recording an increase of 2.12% in agricultural income and less beneficial, except for farms that are less competitive, in terms of use of water resources. This reallocation also allows for cultural diversity and specification of agricultural farms. Competitiveness in the water use, diversification and specification of agricultural production systems help to preserve natural resources but they also help to satisfy demand of the regional market.

scholarly journals Analisis Pendapatan Petani Karet Bibit Unggul Dan Bibit Tradisional Di Kecamatan Batang Cenaku Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-289
Author(s):  
Iskandar Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Rubber Plant ◽  
Plant Samples ◽  
The People ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Government

AbstractThis research was conducted in the District of Batang Cenaku Indragiri Hulu. This is because the District of Batang Cenaku an area that makes rubber commodity as one commodity and in meeting their needs. The purpose of this study was to determine how the income of farmers in the district rubber rod upstream and Indragiri district Cenaku To know that used descriptive analysis, the data obtained are tabulated and then described by existing theories. The survey results revealed that the rubber plantation is vital to the income of the people in the District of Batang Cenaku Thus it can be seen that the average income of farmers quality seeds rubber plant samples with an area of 1 hectare of Rp. 8,241,724, - per year, while the average income of farmers' traditional seed samples rubber plant with an area of 2 hectares of Rp. 8,463,739, - per year. A comparison of income between farmers using traditional quality seeds and that happened 2 times where income 1 hectare equals income prefetch queue seeds 2 acres of farmers using traditional seeds.Businesses manage rubber plantation is a tradition for the people of District of Batang Cenaku Indragiri Hulu. Many efforts have been done by the government in the development of rubber plantations, such as by providing quality seeds and adequate capital for rubber farmers.

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