scholarly journals Quality Assembly: Designing to offsite fabrication for medium density living in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
H. M. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Residential Construction ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Design Intent ◽  
Washington State University ◽  
Responsive Design

<p>This research portfolio looks at how consciously activating prefabrication into the design process early, and subsequently designing to the onsite assembly stage by using three key design principles, can contribute to a responsive design that embodies quality medium density living in New Zealand.  Prefabrication is at the forefront of the New Zealand Government’s conversation about its residential construction industry. The potential attributes of this efficient construction method of fast on-site installation time, reduced cost, improved construction safety, and improved construction quality, have the potential to positively impact the issues that our housing industry faces.  However, the intrinsic limitations that come with prefabrication being based on the ideals of efficiency, carry the risk (as seen throughout its history) of compromising the design quality. With the motivation to integrate this construction process into New Zealand’s commonplace residential construction industry based on its positive attributes, it is essential to address its relationship to the designed outcome, and consequently the design process.  Ryan E. Smith of Washington State University in Prefab Architecture expresses that prefabrication is a construction process not a product so a poor design results from a poor designer. He specifies that for a prefabrication project to achieve quality construction and aesthetics the design process must be directed to “quality assembly”. This idea endorses the integration of this chosen construction process in accordance with the design intent and guide the design through various scales to the detailing of assembly.  For this integration of ‘quality assembly’ into the design process three principles have been interpreted from founding literature as being key drivers: standardisation, repetition, and personalisation. Standardisation is the act of simplifications to efficiently design. Based on chosen factors measurements are controlled allowing pieces, elements, and/or units to relate to one another cleanly. Repetition is the act of reducing variances within the construction, maximising the efficiency of prefabrication. Traditionally this can improve quality. Personalisation is the principle that relates the desirability of the outcome with the necessity appropriately suiting its site and occupancy.  This research is positioned within New Zealand’s residential climate, which is seeing a growing demand for medium density living. The defined programme accommodates two key demographics within this density of first-home buyers and homeowners downsizing. The focus is to design a system that assists quality living – giving an alternative archetype – for New Zealand’s evolving climate.  Key findings from this research support the design intent of ‘designing to assembly’, whereby the construction process and the outcome are integral to one another. By focussing collectively on standardisation, repetition, and personalisation, a responsive design that is suitable to various sites and occupancies can be realised. The challenge lies within balancing flexibility with restriction efficiently.</p>

scholarly journals Quality Assembly: Designing to offsite fabrication for medium density living in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
H. M. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Residential Construction ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Design Intent ◽  
Washington State University ◽  
Responsive Design

<p>This research portfolio looks at how consciously activating prefabrication into the design process early, and subsequently designing to the onsite assembly stage by using three key design principles, can contribute to a responsive design that embodies quality medium density living in New Zealand.  Prefabrication is at the forefront of the New Zealand Government’s conversation about its residential construction industry. The potential attributes of this efficient construction method of fast on-site installation time, reduced cost, improved construction safety, and improved construction quality, have the potential to positively impact the issues that our housing industry faces.  However, the intrinsic limitations that come with prefabrication being based on the ideals of efficiency, carry the risk (as seen throughout its history) of compromising the design quality. With the motivation to integrate this construction process into New Zealand’s commonplace residential construction industry based on its positive attributes, it is essential to address its relationship to the designed outcome, and consequently the design process.  Ryan E. Smith of Washington State University in Prefab Architecture expresses that prefabrication is a construction process not a product so a poor design results from a poor designer. He specifies that for a prefabrication project to achieve quality construction and aesthetics the design process must be directed to “quality assembly”. This idea endorses the integration of this chosen construction process in accordance with the design intent and guide the design through various scales to the detailing of assembly.  For this integration of ‘quality assembly’ into the design process three principles have been interpreted from founding literature as being key drivers: standardisation, repetition, and personalisation. Standardisation is the act of simplifications to efficiently design. Based on chosen factors measurements are controlled allowing pieces, elements, and/or units to relate to one another cleanly. Repetition is the act of reducing variances within the construction, maximising the efficiency of prefabrication. Traditionally this can improve quality. Personalisation is the principle that relates the desirability of the outcome with the necessity appropriately suiting its site and occupancy.  This research is positioned within New Zealand’s residential climate, which is seeing a growing demand for medium density living. The defined programme accommodates two key demographics within this density of first-home buyers and homeowners downsizing. The focus is to design a system that assists quality living – giving an alternative archetype – for New Zealand’s evolving climate.  Key findings from this research support the design intent of ‘designing to assembly’, whereby the construction process and the outcome are integral to one another. By focussing collectively on standardisation, repetition, and personalisation, a responsive design that is suitable to various sites and occupancies can be realised. The challenge lies within balancing flexibility with restriction efficiently.</p>

Architectural Programming and Architectural Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 2650-2653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ma
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Architectural Programming

Architectural programming provides the basis of architectural design, and provides a framework to guide the whole construction process, results and quality control of the project, the construction activities towards our default direction. Architecture programming plays a very important role in the control of the whole design process and design quality.

scholarly journals Design Out Waste Framework for Achieving Sustainability in Public Housing Projects in Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 222-231
Author(s):  
Ayman A. E. Othman ◽  
Laila A. Elsawaf
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Housing Projects

Due to the increasing population worldwide, Public housing projects (PHPs) have witnessed a rapid increase during the previous decades. Simultaneously, this generated a substantial amount of waste that represents roughly 40% of the solid waste produced by the construction industry every year. Being one of the significant phases of the construction process, the choices made during the design process play a crucial role towards increasing the solid waste created during the construction phase, which eventually affected the sustainability of the developed projects. This called for considering innovative strategies that reduce construction waste during the design process. This paper aims to develop a framework to facilitate the implementation of Design out waste (DOW) strategy to achieve sustainability in PHPs in Egypt. A research methodology based on literature review, case studies and survey questionnaire was developed to achieve the above mentioned aim. The developed framework represent a synthesis that is novel and creative in thought as it is the first study to discuss the implementation of DOW strategy towards achieving sustainability in PHPs in Egypt

The design of modular oil tank: A new design process model

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Li ◽  
Xingsheng Jiang ◽  
Jingye Li ◽  
Yadong Zhao ◽  
Xuexing Li
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Fuel Tank ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Design Time ◽  
Design Process Model

Background: In the whole design process of modular fuel tank, there are some unreasonable phenomena. As a result, there are some defects in the design of modular fuel tank, and the function does not meet the requirements in advance. This paper studies this problem. Objective: Through on-the-spot investigation of the factory, a mechanical design process model is designed. The model can provide reference for product design participants on product design time and design quality, and can effectively solve the problem of low product design quality caused by unreasonable product design time arrangement. Methods: After sorting out the data from the factory investigation, computer software is used to program, simulate the information input of mechanical design process, and the final reference value is got. Results: This mechanical design process model is used to guide the design and production of a new project, nearly 3 months ahead of the original project completion time. Conclusion: This mechanical design process model can effectively guide the product design process, which is of great significance to the whole mechanical design field.

scholarly journals Zero Carbon Building Practices in Aotearoa New Zealand

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4455
Author(s):  
Thao Thi Phuong Bui ◽  
Suzanne Wilkinson ◽  
Niluka Domingo ◽  
Casimir MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Zero Carbon

In the light of climate change, the drive for zero carbon buildings is known as one response to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Within New Zealand, research on climate change mitigation and environmental impacts of buildings has received renewed attention. However, there has been no detailed investigation of zero carbon building practices. This paper undertakes an exploratory study through the use of semi-structured interviews with government representatives and construction industry experts to examine how the New Zealand construction industry plans and implements zero carbon buildings. The results show that New Zealand’s construction industry is in the early stage of transiting to a net-zero carbon built environment. Key actions to date are focused on devising a way for the industry to develop and deliver zero carbon building projects. Central and local governments play a leading role in driving zero carbon initiatives. Leading construction firms intend to maximise the carbon reduction in building projects by developing a roadmap to achieve the carbon target by 2050 and rethinking the way of designing and constructing buildings. The research results provide an insight into the initial practices and policy implications for the uptake of zero carbon buildings in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Ontology-Based Interorganizational Knowledge Management in Sustainable Construction Project

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 6339-6343
Author(s):  
Guang Bin Wang ◽  
Gui You He ◽  
Li Bian
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Process Ontology ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
Industry Needs

Due to the great negative impact, the construction industry needs to undergo a paradigm shift from traditional construction to sustainable construction. To reach the goal of sustainable development, the construction industry needs to intensify its efforts to move to a knowledge intensive mode. Based on the analysis of e-Cognos and the concept of ontology, this paper proposes that e-Cognos ontology can be applied in the development of sustainable construction process ontology, which is a key part of knowledge management system (KMS). Following this, the application process of ontology-based KMS is analyzed using IDEF0 modeling method. Finally, this paper analyzes interorganizational collaboration model in sustainable project.

Collaboration in research: weaving Kaupapa Māori and computer science

2021 ◽  
pp. 117718012110431
Author(s):  
Anna K Rolleston ◽  
Judy Bowen ◽  
Annika Hinze ◽  
Erina Korohina ◽  
Rangi Matamua
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Software Design ◽  
Integrated Process ◽  
Engineering Project ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Treaty Of Waitangi ◽  
Kaupapa Māori

We describe a collaboration between Māori (Indigenous people of Aotearoa/New Zealand) and Tauiwi (non-Māori) researchers on a software engineering project. Te Tiriti o Waitangi (The Treaty of Waitangi) provides the basis for Māori to lead research that involves Māori as participants or intends to impact Māori outcomes. Through collaboration, an extension of the traditional four-step software design process was created, culminating in a nine-step integrated process that included Kaupapa Māori (Māori ideology) principles. The collaboration experience for both Māori and Tauiwi highlighted areas of misunderstanding within the research context based on differing worldviews and our ability to navigate and work through this. This article provides context, guiding principles, and recommended research processes where Māori and Tauiwi aim to collaborate.

Parametric bridge design – reinforcement design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Navrátil ◽  
Petr Ševčík ◽  
Johann Stampler ◽  
Gregor Strekelj
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Bridge Design ◽  
Proof Checking ◽  
Challenging Tasks ◽  
Stress States ◽  
Reinforcement Design

<p>Using BIM technology for the design process in the construction industry has become somewhat of a standard approach. For bridge design, various solutions offering geometric design functionality and data management facilities are available on the market. However, integrated solutions for seamlessly supporting the whole planning process are still a scarce commodity. The solution presented integrates architectural modeling, structural analysis, and sophisticated proof checking functionality in one package, where, based on a 4D architectural model, an analysis model is automatically derived, allowing for simulating the erection process in detail and investigating all relevant stress states. The focus of the paper is the reinforcement design of prestressed concrete sections, which is one of the most challenging tasks among the various requirements arising in the design process.</p>

The Impact of Geometric Variation on Compressor Two-Dimensional Incidence Range

2014 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin N. Goodhand ◽  
Robert J. Miller ◽  
Hang W. Lung
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Suction Surface ◽  
Design Intent ◽  
Manufacture Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Geometric Variation

An important question for a designer is how, in the design process, to deal with the small geometric variations which result from either the manufacture process or in-service deterioration. For some blade designs geometric variations will have little or no effect on the performance of a row of blades, while in others their effects can be significant. This paper shows that blade designs which are most sensitive are those which are susceptible to a distinct switch in the fluid mechanisms responsible for limiting blade performance. To demonstrate this principle, the sensitivity of compressor 2D incidence range to manufacture variations is considered. Only one switch in mechanisms was observed, the onset of flow separation at the leading edge. This switch is only sensitive to geometric variations around the leading edge, 0–3% of the suction surface. The consequence for these manufacture variations was a 10% reduction in the blade's positive incidence range. For this switch, the boundary in the design space is best defined in terms of the blade pressure distribution. Blade designs where the acceleration exceeds a critical value just downstream of the leading edge are shown to be robust to geometric variation. Two historic designs, supercritical blades and blades with sharp leading edges, though superior in design intent, are shown to sit outside this robust region and thus, in practice, perform worse. The improved understanding of the robust, region of the design space is then used to design a blade capable of a robust, 5% increase in operating incidence range.

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