Results of the Study of Bone Tissue Density in Patients of the Study Groups at the Restoration of Bone Defects by Various Osteoplastic Materials

The restoration processes of damaged or lost bone tissue are an important and topical issue of surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery today. According to statistics, diseases that are accompaning by destructive changes in bone tissue occupy one of the dominant places among the nosologies of MFA. Along with the use of updated methods of surgical technique, both before and now the problem of choice of bone-plastic material is relevant, because it is known that osteoplasty opens up great opportunities for complete rehabilitation of patients. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of our developed osteoplastic composition for the restoration of bone defects in dentistry. Materials and methods. X-ray computed tomography to determine bone density was performed in 26 patients with bone defect replacement "Kolapan-L" (group A), 28 people during augmentation of our proposed osteoplastic composition "Kolapan-L" + multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells + platelet-rich plasma) (group B), and 25 patients where the healing of the bone defect occurred spontaneously (group B). X-ray computed tomography was performed on a 16-slice spiral computed tomography Siemens Somatom Emotionc. Image processing was performed using the program "Dicom". Statistical processing of research results was carried out using conventional methods of variation statistics. Results and discussion. After 1 year of research, the average value of the bone density in patients of group B was probably higher: 1.5 times and 1.8 times relative to the corresponding data in groups A and B. At the same time, the minimum value of the bone density in patients of subgroups A and B was 1.5 times and 1.8 times lower than in persons of group B (p <0.01, p1 <0.01). At the same time, the maximum values of the bone density in patients of group B, where the augmentation of bone defects was performed using our proposed composition, were 1.4 times (p <0.01) and 1.8 times (p <0.05, p1 <0.01) higher than in group A, in the replacement of bone defects "Kolapan-L" and in group B, where the healing of the bone defect was spontaneous, respectively. It was found that in patients of group B after 12 months of studies, the average density of osteoregeneration was 1036.69±55.53 (HU), which was 1.5 times and 1.8 times more than in group A (p <0.01) and in group B patients (p <0.05, p1 <0.01) respectively. Conclusion. The use of tissue equivalent of bone tissue, proposed by us to replace a bone defect based on multipotent mesenchymal adipose tissue cells, contributed to the maximum increase in bone density, with a slightly lower effect of increasing bone density in the augmentation of bone defects

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Repairing Rabbit Radius Bone Defects with Simvastatin Compound Biological Bone

Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1166/jbt.2021.2710 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1263-1270

Author(s):

Zhong-Yu Liu ◽

Jin-Li Zhang ◽

Yang Zhang ◽

Shi-Lian Kan ◽

Jun Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Defect ◽

Maximum Stress ◽

Biomechanical Testing ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Bending Test ◽

Bone Material ◽

X Ray ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Group D

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of repairing rabbit radius bone defects with simvastatin compound biological bone. Methods: Simvastatin biological bone material was prepared, and osteoblasts were cultured. A total of 42 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups, and a bone defect with a length of 15 mm was created at the middle part of the radial shaft of both limbs in each rabbit, thereby establishing a bone defect model. The grafts in group A were biological bones of osteoblasts combined with simvastatin; the grafts in group B were biological bones of simvastatin; the grafts in group C were biological compound bones of osteoblasts; and the grafts in group D were simple biological bones. In each group, four animals were randomly sacrificed at the sixth and twelfth week after surgery, and specimens were collected for gross observation, X-ray examination, histological observation, and biomechanical testing. In each group, two animals were randomly sacrificed at the twelfth week after surgery; a three-point bending test was performed using a biomechanical testing machine, and the results were compared with those of a normal radius. Results: The X-ray and histological examinations at 6 and 12 weeks after surgery revealed that the osteogenesis ability of the simvastatin biological bone and osteoblast-simvastatin biological bone was better than that of the osteoblast biological bone and simple biological bone, which was superior in group A and group B to group C and group D. The results of the biomechanical examination revealed that the maximum stress of the normal radius was significantly higher than that of the experimental groups. Among the experimental groups, the difference between group A and group B was not statistically significant, and the maximum stress was higher in groups A and B than in groups C and D. Conclusion: Simvastatin biological bone material can promote the repair of rabbit radius defects and increase the quality of bone healing.

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Analysis by means of cone-beam computed tomography, bone density and X-ray beam attenuation of rabbit mandibles subjected to low-level laser therapy during distraction osteogenesis

Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas ◽

10.9771/cmbio.v14i1.12388 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rodrigo Cenci ◽

Vinicius Silveira ◽

Luciano Mayer ◽

Helena De Oliveira ◽

João Moraes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Bone Density ◽

Low Level Laser Therapy ◽

Cone Beam ◽

X Ray ◽

Beam Attenuation ◽

Level Laser ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Objectives: To assess by means of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) the relative bone density of newly formed bone in rabbit mandibles treated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) during distraction osteogenesis (DO). Methods: Seven rabbits underwent surgical osteotomy and immediate installation of a distractor on the mandible (right side). DO was performed for 10 days, and LLLT (aluminum-gallium-arsenide [AlGaAs] infrared laser, λ 830 nm, 40 mW) was applied during distractor activation (days 4-10). Three rabbits were euthanized at the end of the activation period (day 10, group A), and four at the end of the maturation period (day 20, group B). Quality and quantity of newly formed bone in the distracted area were measured on grayscale images using adjacente untreated areas as controls. Two CBCT images were acquired for each animal (before and after removal of soft tissue) to evaluate the influence of the soft tissue on X-ray beam attenuation. Results: Mean grayscale values in the distracted area were higher in group B rabbits (140.47 vs. 102.55 in group A), indicating greater bone maturation in a short period. Absence of soft tissues during CBCT scanning was associated with higher grayscale values, indicative of less X-ray beam attenuation. Conclusions: It is possible to measure differences in bone density in areas subjected to DO on CBCT scans, providing an objective assessment useful for monitoring bone quality during the repair process.

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A Comparative Study of Bioartificial Bone Tissue Poly-L-lactic Acid/Polycaprolactone and PLLA Scaffolds Applied in Bone Regeneration

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2014/935149 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Weizong Weng ◽

Shaojun Song ◽

Liehu Cao ◽

Xiao Chen ◽

Yuanqi Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

New Zealand ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Bone Defect ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Group A ◽

Repair Bone Defect ◽

Group B ◽

New Zealand Rabbits

Bioartificial bone tissue engineering is an increasingly popular technique to repair bone defect caused by injury or disease. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of PLLA/PCL (poly-L-lactic acid/polycaprolactone) by a comparison study of PLLA/PCL and PLLA scaffolds applied in bone regeneration. Thirty healthy mature New Zealand rabbits on which 15 mm distal ulna defect model had been established were selected and then were divided into three groups randomly: group A (repaired with PLLA scaffold), group B (repaired with PLLA/PCL scaffold), and group C (no scaffold) to evaluate the bone-remodeling ability of the implants. Micro-CT examination revealed the prime bone regeneration ability of group B in three groups. Bone mineral density of surgical site in group B was higher than group A but lower than group C. Meanwhile, the bone regeneration in both groups A and B proceeded with signs of inflammation for the initial fast degradation of scaffolds. As a whole, PLLA/PCL scaffoldsin vivoinitially degrade fast and were better suited to repair bone defect than PLLA in New Zealand rabbits. Furthermore, for the low mineral density of new bone and rapid degradation of the scaffolds, more researches were necessary to optimize the composite for bone regeneration.

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BMSCs Seeding in Different Scaffold Incorporation with Hyperbaric Oxygen Treat Seawater Immersed Bony Defect

10.21203/rs.3.rs-44123/v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

gan zhang ◽

Xiaosong Chen ◽

Xunsheng Cheng ◽

Xiuwu Ma ◽

Congcong Chen

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Defect ◽

Medullary Canal ◽

Bony Defect ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

X Ray ◽

New Zealand White Rabbits ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Group D

Abstract Introduction: The experiment was undertaken to estimate the effect of BMSCs seeding in different scaffold incorporation with HBO on the repair of seawater immersed bone defect. And future compared n-HA/PLGA with β-TCP/PLGA as scaffold in treatment effect of seawater immersed bone defect.Methods: 60 New Zealand White rabbits with standard seawater defect in radius were randomly divided to group A (implant with nothing), group B (implanted with atuogenous bone), group C (implanted with n-HA/PLGA/BMSCs, and Group D ( implanted with β-TCP/PLGA/BMSCs). After implant, each rabbit receive HBO treatment at 2.4 ATA 100% oxygen for 120 minutes per day for 2 weeeks. Radiograph, histological and biomechanical examination were used to analyze osteogenesis.Result: X-ray analysis show that n-HA/PLGA/BMSCs and β-TCP/PLGA/BMSCs could accelerate the new bone formation, and the new bone formation in group C was lager than in group D or group A, and close to group B (P<0.05). After 12 weeks, in group A, defect without scaffold show a loose connect tissue filled in the areas. The medullary canal in group B was recanalizated. Defect in group C and D show a larger number of wove bone formation. The new wove bone formation in defect areas in group C was lager than D. The mechanical examination revealed ultimate strength at 12 weeks were group D>group C>group B>group A(P<0.05).Conclusion: Scaffold of n-HA/PLGA and β-TCP/PLGA incorporation with HBO and BMSCs were effective to treat seawater immersed bone defect, and n-HA/PLGA was more excellent than β-TCP/PLGA.

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BMSCs Seeding in Different Scaffold Incorporation with Hyperbaric Oxygen Treat Seawater Immersed Bony Defect

10.21203/rs.3.rs-44123/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

gan zhang ◽

Xiaosong Chen ◽

Xunsheng Cheng ◽

Xiuwu Ma ◽

Congcong Chen

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Defect ◽

Medullary Canal ◽

Bony Defect ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

X Ray ◽

New Zealand White Rabbits ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Group D

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Bone density and asymmetry are not related to DDT in House Sparrows: Insights from micro-focus X-ray computed tomography

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.119 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 212 ◽

pp. 734-743

Author(s):

L. Steyn ◽

J. Hoffman ◽

H. Bouwman ◽

A.W. Maina ◽

J.N. Maina

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Bone Density ◽

House Sparrows ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Computed

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Biphasic Calcium Phosphate/Chitosan/Polyacrylonitrile/Polylactic Acid-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) Nanocomposite Stent for Repair and Osteogenesis of Oral Alveolar Bone Defect

Science of Advanced Materials ◽

10.1166/sam.2021.4039 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1324-1334

Author(s):

Gang Cheng ◽

Hong Chen ◽

Kai Wang ◽

Jinxing Gao ◽

Xiao Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Defect ◽

Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽

Glycolic Acid ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Bone Defects ◽

X Ray ◽

Defect Area ◽

Group A ◽

Alveolar Bone Defect

ABSTRACTThe ability of sol-gel micro-nano biphasic calcium stent to repair oral alveolar bone defects was investigated in this study, and its osteogenesis performance was also analyzed. Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was synthesized by wet method, which was combined with chitosan (CS), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polylactic acid-glycolic acid (PLGA). Then, the BCP/CS/PAN/PLGA nanocomposite stent was prepared by vacuum freeze-drying technology. The micro-nano composite stent was combined with the bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) gene, so as to obtain the sol-gel micro-nano biphasic calcium BMP-2/BCP/CS/PAN/PLGA composite stent. Besides, the composite stent should be measured in terms of compressive strength, porosity, structure, and morphological features. The healthy female rhesus monkeys were taken as the research animals, and the iliac bone marrow was extracted by puncture. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were obtained by density gradient centrifugation, and their osteogenic differentiation ability was observed. The MSCs were cultured in vitro with BMP-2/BCP/CS/PAN/PLGA composite stent, methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) was applied to detect cell adhesion and proliferation, and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was employed to analyze its osteogenic properties on stent materials. In addition, the expression of BMP-2 was detected by Western blot. The alveolar bone defect models were established and divided into group A (MSCs + BMP-2/BCP/CS/PAN/PLGA), group B (BMP-2/BCP/CS/PAN/PLGA), group C (BCP/CS/PAN/PLG), and group D (control group, reposition of gingival flap and suture) according to different implant materials. The changes of bone defect area in different groups were detected by gross examinations and X-ray, so that the new bone density was analyzed. The results showed that the BCP/CS/PAN/PLGA composite stent exhibited a porous structure combining multiple pores/small pores, with an average pore diameter (PD) of 400–500 µm, maximum compressive strength of 6.02 Mpa, and porosity of 86.82%. MSCs differentiated into osteoblasts under osteogenic induction conditioned medium, and the optical density (OD) of CS + MSCs/BMP-2/BCP/CS/PAN/PLGA cells was greater in contrast to that of MSCs/BMP-2/BCP/CS/PAN/PLGA cells on the 1st and 7th day of culture, showing a statistical difference (P < 0.05). The gross examination and X-ray of bone defect area in group A showed that its bone structure and density were very close to those of normal bone (all materials were absorbed, and newly formed bone cells were active); the CT value of alveolar bone in groups A, B, C, and D was 1,092.45± 15.87 g/cm3, 932.26± 16.75 g/cm3, 859.51 ±17.86 g/cm3, and 787.96± 16.54 g/cm3, respectively. There was no marked difference in CT values between group A and normal alveolar bone (P > 0.05), while the CT value of alveolar bone in group A was higher obviously than the value of groups C and D (P < 0.05). It indicated that the composite stent based on sol–gel micro-nano biphasic calcium BMP-2/BCP/CS/PAN/PLGA could promote the repair of oral alveolar bone defect and its osteogenesis, thereby providing a reference for the oral clinical treatment of periodontal bone defects.

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Evaluation of regenerative process at bone defects of the rat lower leg using in vivo micro X-ray computed tomography

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.ijom.2011.07.631 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 40 (10) ◽

pp. 1212

Author(s):

Y. Yonehara ◽

T. Mashimo ◽

S. Namaki ◽

J. Iwata ◽

H. Shiratsuchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Lower Leg ◽

Regenerative Process ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Computed

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Novel Piston Technique Versus Ilizarov Technique for The Repair of Bone Defect After Lower Limb Infection

10.21203/rs.3.rs-749905/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jiafei Du ◽

Zifei Yin ◽

Pengfei Cheng ◽

Pei Han ◽

Hao Shen

Keyword(s):

Bone Defect ◽

Bone Healing ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Functional Results ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Ilizarov Technique ◽

Group A ◽

The Mean ◽

Group B

Abstract Background We described the use of a novel Piston technique versus Ilizarov technique to compare the effectiveness and complications for the repair of bone defect after lower limb infection. Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed 41 patients who had been treated at our department for lower extremity bone defects following osteomyelitis. They were 38 males and 3 females with a mean age of 43.41 (range 12 to 69 years). The infected bone defects involved 36 tibias and 5 femurs. Piston technique (PT, group A) was used in 12 patients and Ilizarov technique (IT, group B) in 29 ones. The mean duration of follow-up was 28.50 months (PT) and 29.90 months (IT). The modified Application of Methods of Illizarov (ASAMI) criteria was used to evaluate the bone healing and functional recovery. Results Complete eradication of infection and union of docking sites were accomplished well in both groups. The mean external fixator index (EFI) was 42.32 days/cm in group A versus 58.85 days/cm in group B (p < 0.001). The bone outcomes were similar between group A and B (p = 0.558) [excellent (9 vs. 19), good (3 vs.10)]; group A showed better functional outcomes than group B (p < 0.05) [excellent (7 vs. 6), good (4 vs. 12), fair (0 vs. 10) and poor (1 vs. 1)]. Pain was complained most during follow-up and group A had fewer cases of pin tract infection (1 vs. 6), adjacent joint stiffness (3 vs. 8) and delayed healing of the joint (0 vs. 3). Conclusions Satisfactory bone healing can be obtained by using both PT and IT, while PT had better functional results, lower EFI and allowed early removal of the external fixation. We have found that this novel Piston technique can improve the comfort of patients, reduce the incidence of complications, and provide a rapid and convenient rehabilitation.

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Analysis of Age-Based Bone Mineral Density in the Koran Adult population using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

10.20944/preprints202008.0485.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jung Chul Lee ◽

Hee-Joo Lee ◽

Jaeyong Park

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Density ◽

Mineral Composition ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Dual Energy ◽

Whole Body ◽

Mineral Density ◽

X Ray ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) measuring tool is a reliable and accurate technology to measure bone density and bone mineral composition. This research examined the composition and bone density (bone mineral composition and bone mineral density) of the whole body and representative body parts using DEXA. The participants were 240 healthy adult men and women who were divided into three groups based on age. The total bone mineral density (BMD) of women amounted to an average of 1.14 g/㎠ in Group A, 1.14 g/㎠ in Group B, and 0.98 g/㎠ in Group C. For men, the average BMD was 1.25 g/㎠ in Group A, 1.20 g/㎠ in Group B, and 1.17 g/㎠ in Group C. As a result, the reduction of age-specific BMD was shown to have a correlation with aging and body mass index(BMI), and it is determined that exercising on a regular basis can prevent reduction in BMD by maintaining appropriate muscle mass.

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