scholarly journals Third Study on WHO MPOWER Tobacco Control Scores in Eastern Mediterranean countries 2011-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 598-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Heydari ◽  
Arezoo EbnAhmady ◽  
Harry Lando ◽  
Fahimeh Chamyani ◽  
Mohammadreza Masjedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Mediterranean Countries

scholarly journals WHO MPOWER tobacco control scores in the Eastern Mediterranean countries based on the 2011 report

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gh. Heydari ◽  
F. Talischi ◽  
H. Algouhmani ◽  
H.A. Lando ◽  
A. Ebn Ahmady
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Mediterranean Countries

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of genetic diversity in wild and primitive cultivated barley in a center of diversity.

Genetics ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 981-990
Author(s):  
S Jana ◽  
L N Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Cultivated Barley ◽  
Multilocus Associations ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum K.) and indigenous primitive varieties of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), collected from 43 locations in four eastern Mediterranean countries, Jordan, Syria, Turkey and Greece, were electrophoretically assayed for genetic diversity at 16 isozyme loci. Contrary to a common impression, cultivated barley populations were found to maintain a level of diversity similar to that in its wild progenitor species. Apportionment of overall diversity in the region showed that in cultivated barley within-populations diversity was of higher magnitude than the between-populations component. Neighboring populations of wild and cultivated barleys showed high degree of genetic identity. Groups of 3 or 4 isozyme loci were analyzed to detect associations among loci. Multilocus associations of varying order were detected for all three groups chosen for the analysis. Some of the association terms differed between the two species in the region. Although there was no clear evidence for decrease in diversity attributable to the domestication of barley in the region, there was an indication of different multilocus organizations in the two closely related species.

scholarly journals Own-price and cross-price elasticities of demand for cigarettes and waterpipe tobacco in three Eastern Mediterranean countries: a volumetric choice experiment

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056616
Author(s):  
Ali Chalak ◽  
Rima Nakkash ◽  
Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh ◽  
Yousef S Khader ◽  
Mohammed Jawad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Demand Elasticity ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Price Elasticities ◽  
Mediterranean Countries

BackgroundWaterpipe tobacco smoking rates in the Eastern Mediterranean region are among the highest worldwide, yet little evidence exists on its economics. Estimates of demand elasticities for tobacco products are largely limited to cigarettes. This study aimed to estimate own-price and cross-price elasticities of demand for cigarettes and waterpipe tobacco products in Lebanon, Jordan and Palestine.MethodsA volumetric choice experiment was conducted using nationally representative household surveys. The choice experiment elicited respondents’ stated purchases of eight cigarette and waterpipe tobacco product varieties by hypothetically varying prices. Data were analysed using zero-inflated Poisson models that yielded demand elasticity estimates of cigarette and waterpipe tobacco consumption.ResultsThe study included 1680 participants in Lebanon (50% female), 1925 in Jordan (44.6% female) and 1679 in Palestine (50% female). We found the demand for premium cigarettes to be price elastic (range, −1.0 to −1.2) across all three countries, whereas the demand for discount cigarettes was less elastic than premium cigarettes in Lebanon (−0.6) and Jordan (−0.7) and more elastic in Palestine (−1.2). The demand for premium waterpipe tobacco was highly elastic in Lebanon (−1.9), moderately elastic in Jordan (−0.6) and inelastic in Palestine (0.2). The cross-price elasticity between cigarettes and waterpipe tobacco was near zero, suggesting that the two products are not considered to be close substitutes by consumers.ConclusionsThese results serve as a strong evidence base for developing and implementing fiscal policies for tobacco control in the Eastern Mediterranean region that address cigarettes and waterpipe tobacco products.

scholarly journals Emerging Mosquito-Borne Threats and the Response from European and Eastern Mediterranean Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Johnson ◽  
Mar Fernández de Marco ◽  
Armando Giovannini ◽  
Carla Ippoliti ◽  
Maria Danzetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Wildlife Migration ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Autochthonous Transmission

Mosquito-borne viruses are the cause of some of the greatest burdens to human health worldwide, particularly in tropical regions where both human populations and mosquito numbers are abundant. Due to a combination of anthropogenic change, including the effects on global climate and wildlife migration there is strong evidence that temperate regions are undergoing repeated introduction of mosquito-borne viruses and the re-emergence of viruses that previously were not detected by surveillance. In Europe, the repeated introductions of West Nile and Usutu viruses have been associated with bird migration from Africa, whereas the autochthonous transmission of chikungunya and dengue viruses has been driven by a combination of invasive mosquitoes and rapid transcontinental travel by infected humans. In addition to an increasing number of humans at risk, livestock and wildlife, are also at risk of infection and disease. This in turn can affect international trade and species diversity, respectively. Addressing these challenges requires a range of responses both at national and international level. Increasing the understanding of mosquito-borne transmission of viruses and the development of rapid detection methods and appropriate therapeutics (vaccines / antivirals) all form part of this response. The aim of this review is to consider the range of mosquito-borne viruses that threaten public health in Europe and the eastern Mediterranean, and the national response of a number of countries facing different levels of threat.

scholarly journals Diet and Food Allergy as Risk Factors for Asthma in the Arabian Gulf Region: Current Evidence and Future Research Needs

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naser A. Alsharairi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Arabian Gulf Region ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Increased Risk

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease which is associated with higher levels of systemic inflammation. The causes of asthma remain poorly understood. Unhealthy diet and food allergy are potential risk factors for developing asthma. The prevalence of asthma in the Arabian Gulf region (AGR), and Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Qatar in particular, is higher than in other Eastern Mediterranean countries. In the AGR, diets tend to be of low nutritional value due to high levels of total energy, cholesterol, sodium, added sugars and saturated fat, and low levels of fiber, fruit and vegetables. A few studies that include children and adults in the AGR have suggested a potential link between unhealthy diets/specific food allergens and increased risk of asthma, however, the association of food allergy with asthma is still a controversial issue. The aim of this commentary is to consider the evidence from the AGR regarding the effects of diet/food allergy on asthma risk that may be used to make recommendations for future research.

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