scholarly journals Teknologi saringan air berbahan pasir kerubung di Pondok Pesantren Tarbiyah Islamiyah Singkawang

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Riski Muliyani ◽  
Yudi Kurniawan ◽  
Iip Istirahayu

<span class="ShortAbstract"><em><span lang="EN-US">The purpose of service programs was designed for water filter by using kerubung sand. The method of designing the water purification was literature study on the specifics articles that related to the simple water purification process with the slow water filter method. The development of the filter method by the service team using the kerubung sand. The service teams’ considerations in choosing local materials as the main component as water purification because it was easy to get, less price event some things can be obtained for free because they were available in the wild, or it can be made easily. The results of the water purification design by using the slow water method with kerubung sand had been proportion of 15: 4: 4: 1 with the </span></em></span><span class="ShortAbstract"><em><span lang="EN-US">types of materials were kerubung sand, zeolite sand, the palm fiber, and activated</span></em></span><span class="ShortAbstract"><em><span lang="EN-US"> carbon, respectively. It is hoped that the successful creation of the water purification design composition of the slow water method using kerubung sand will make the quality of water produced from the filter process better than before. The addition output of this service program was the publication of copyright certificate of the manual book for slow water purification method. The conclusion that can be concluded from this design process was that the use of kerubung sand as a filter media is alleged to be a solution for filtering well water at the location of PKM partners</span></em></span>

Author(s):  
Abayomi Olusegun Adeniyi

Artificial pollution of groundwater may arise from either point or diffuse sources. Several different means to improve the microbial quality of water and reduce waterborne diseases have been documented around the world.  Traditional methods of water treatment include Filtration through winnowing sieve (used widely in Mali), Filtration through cloth (commonly used in villages in India, Mali and the southern part of Niger), Filtration through clay vessels (used in Egypt), filtration through plant material (commonly used in Tamil Nadu and Kerala, India) and Jempeng stone filter method (used in Bali, Indonesia). Modern methods of water treatment include Solar Water Disinfection (SODIS), LifeStraw, Nanofilter, Ceramic water filter, Bio-sand filter and Kanchan Arsenic filter. Comparatively, traditional methods of water treatment employ crude methods which have proved to be effective in relation to filtration but the modern methods make use of newer research technologies in the elimination of pathogens and toxic chemicals to make drinking water more potable and safe.


ANRI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Vladimir Povarov ◽  
Igor' Gusev ◽  
Sergey Rosnovsky ◽  
Dmitriy Statsura ◽  
Vladimir Kazansky ◽  
...  

The article is dedicated to the assessment of the experience in drainage water purification from radionuclides using ion-selective purification method on Units 1,2 Novovoronezh-2 NPP. Application of an ion-selective sorbent based on nickel ferrocyanide, as well as the preliminary oxidation of corrosive origin radiongjuclides, allow to achieve a satisfactory quality of purification from Cs-134, Cs-137, Co-60, Co 58, Mn-54, Cr-51. However, this method turned out to be ineffective for drainage water purification from Be-7, Sb-124, Sb-125. The article presents a possible method for drainage water purification from Be-7, Sb-124, Sb-125 using an iron-based coagulant, prospects for the modernization of the ion-selective drainage water purification plant, as well as plans to improve methods for drainage water purification at Novovoronezh-2 NPP


Author(s):  
Wan Ainaa Mardhiah Wan Zahari, Et. al.

Water is the primary source needed to ensure human and other creature life continuity. There are a lot of water on this planet, but increasingly this water is not where it is needed or it is of inadequate quality (purity) for human consumption or other beneficial for example industrial, agricultural and so on purposes. Contaminated water supply causing harm to human body health and also contributes to extinction to the certain creature. Thus, water-saving or wise water usage is an important matter in Islam. Reuse of wastewater or sewage water is a solution to the water crisis problem faced nowadays. The contaminated water is purified and treated by certain processes. Water purification or treatment water is introduced to produce pure and clean water. However, discussions and debates among experts and societies continue to occur because the water is categorised as pure water but not purify (musta'mal) and impure water and not purify (mutanajjis). Therefore, this study aims to identify the concept and method of water purification and treatment (تطهير الماء) according to Fiqh perspective. Methodology of this study is qualitative approach by using document analysis by analysing several classic Fiqh books by four mazhab (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafie and Hanbali). Hence, this study can discover the water purification method suggested in Fiqh perspective to be applied by Muslim communities in Malaysia.


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
MA’MUN MA’MUN

ABSTRAK<br />Minyak nilam dan minyak daun cengkeh mempunyai arti penting<br />dalam ekspor minyak atsiri Indonesia, karena kedua jenis minyak atsiri<br />tersebut memiliki volume ekspor tertinggi. Sebagian minyak nilam dan<br />minyak daun cengkeh dihasilkan dari penyulingan yang masih mengguna-<br />kan ketel penyuling terbuat dari logam besi, sehingga warnanya keruh dan<br />gelap. Keadaan tersebut menyebabkan kedua minyak tersebut sulit diteri-<br />ma dalam perdagangan dan harganya lebih rendah. Minyak yang keruh<br />dan gelap karena kontaminasi dari logam besi dapat dimurnikan dengan<br />cara kompleksometri, yaitu pengikatan logam menggunakan bahan kimia<br />yang disebut bahan pengkelat (chelating agent). Penelitian pemurnian<br />minyak nilam dan minyak daun cengkeh yang keruh dan gelap telah<br />dilakukan di Laboratorium Pengolahan Hasil Balai Penelitian Tanaman<br />Rempah dan Obat, Bogor, dari bulan Januari sampai April 2005.<br />Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap<br />(RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan diulang 3 kali. Perlakuan yang diuji terdiri<br />atas (1) jenis bahan pengkelat, yaitu etilen diamin tetra asetat (EDTA),<br />asam sitrat dan asam tartarat; (2) konsentrasi pada masing-masing<br />pengkelat terdiri atas 0,50%; 1,0% dan 1,50%; (3) lama waktu pengadukan<br />yaitu 30; 60 dan 90 menit. Penilaian hasil pemurnian didasarkan pada<br />tingkat kejernihan minyak (%T), kandungan besi (Fe) dan kandungan<br />komponen utama dalam minyak hasil pemurnian. Hasil penelitian<br />menunjukkan bahwa bahan pengkelat, konsentrasi pengkelat maupun lama<br />pengadukan sangat berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kejernihan dan<br />kandungan besi dalam minyak hasil pemurnian. EDTA dapat memurnikan<br />minyak nilam dan minyak daun cengkeh lebih baik dibanding asam sitrat<br />dan asam tartarat. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi pengkelat serta semakin<br />lama waktu pengadukan dapat meningkatkan kejernihan minyak nilam dan<br />minyak daun cengkeh dan menurunkan kandungan besi didalam kedua<br />minyak tersebut. Bahan pengkelat EDTA 1,50% menghasilkan minyak<br />paling jernih serta kadar Fe paling rendah. Pada minyak nilam kadar Fe<br />terendah 17,66 ppm dan pada minyak daun cengkeh 27,16 ppm. Kom-<br />ponen utama dalam minyak nilam yaitu patchouli alkohol dan komponen<br />utama dalam minyak cengkeh yaitu eugenol serta karakteristik lainnya<br />dalam kedua minyak tersebut tidak dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan. Minyak<br />nilam dan minyak daun cengkeh hasil pemurnian tersebut memenuhi<br />persyaratan Standar Nasional Indonesia.<br />Kata kunci : Nilam, Pogostemon spp., cengkeh, Eugenia aromatica,<br />minyak nilam, minyak daun cengkeh, prosesing, pemurnian,<br />kompleksometri, patchouli alkohol, eugenol, Jawa Barat<br />ABSTRACT<br />Patchouly oil and clove leaf oil purification using<br />complexometry method<br />Patchouly oil and clove leaf oil have the biggest volume in the total<br />Indonesian essential oil export. Some of the oil is produced using iron<br />metal distilling apparatus. So that, as the result the oil produced is dirty<br />and has dark colour. Its quality is low and its price is lower. Purification of<br />the dirty and dark oil can be carried out using complexometry method,<br />where the iron metals are attachted by chelating agent chemical to form the<br />complex compound. The purification experiment was carried out to<br />evaluate the influence of chelating agents (EDTA, citric acid, tartaric acid)<br />their concentration and duration of mixing on the quality of pure oil<br />produced. Material used was the crude patchouly oil and clove leaf oil<br />from the small distilling industry in Purwokerto, Central Java. The<br />experiment used a completely randomized design, arranged factorially<br />with three replications. Parameters used for evaluating the effect of the<br />treatment were the clearness of the oil, iron (Fe) content, and the main<br />component (patchouly alcohol in patchouly oil, eugenol in clove leaf oil)<br />of oil produced. Experiment was conducted in the Postharvest Technology<br />Laboratory, Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops, Bogor, from<br />January to April 2005. The result of the experiment showed that the best<br />purification method is using EDTA chelating agent of 1.50% concen-<br />tration. Such a purification method produced the clearest oil and the lowest<br />iron content in purified patchouly oil and clove leaf oil. Meanwhile, the<br />main component content and other characteristics of both oil were not<br />affected by the treatment. Patchouly oil and clove leaf oil of the<br />purification method meet the Indonesian National Standard.<br />Key words: Patchouly, Pogostemon spp., patchouly oil, clove, Eugenia<br />aromatica,  clove  leaf  oil,  processing,  purification,<br />complexometry, patchouli alcohol, eugenol, West Java


2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Qilin Liu

Nowadays global water quality pollution has become extremely serious, and solving water pollution has been extremely urgent, so researches on water pollution solutions have become even urgent. And flocculating method is the most traditional water purification method, research and create new high performance flocculating agent is one of flocculating method inherent problems. The paper mainly describes adding iron, zinc two kinds of metal captions together in polysyllabic acid, well controlling all aspects requirements in technology, researching and creating new water purification substance—poly iron and zinc silicate sulfate flocculants (PFZSS). PFZSS making method is weighting proper amount sodium silicate into container, and meanwhile putting it into water to dissolve, then utilizing dilute euphoric acid and sodium hydroxide to adjust silicic acid solution pH value and arrive at regulated scope, letting it to activate and arrive at certain time, slowly importing activated proper silica acid solution into moderate iron sulfate and zinc sulfate on the condition of fully blending, and finally putting and curing for a while. And implement experiment research on how mixed solution metal cations matching; making method, pH value, and silicon dioxide concentration these factors affect PFZSS overall performance. PFZSS application mainly takes catering industry sewage solution as an example to get PFZSS has very strong absorption capacity, owns good cleaning effects on extremely turbid catering industry treatment sewage COD and turbidity acquiring, its reaction formed flock density is great, sedimentation rate is very fast, so PFZSS will have great application prospects in the aspect of treating urban sewage.


InCIEC 2015 ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Shohei Ohno ◽  
Kagura Shima ◽  
Masato Kiji ◽  
Tadashi Tagawa

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmin Zaman ◽  
Anowara Begum ◽  
K. S. Rabbani ◽  
Latiful Bari

A simple and inexpensive water purification method was developed using natural coagulant (Moringa seed powder) and antibacterial agents (scallop powder) followed by bio-sand filtration. In this study, surface water from different sources (e.g. pond, canal, lake and river) treated with combined Moringa seed powder, and scallop powder (MOSP) at a ratio of 2:1 for 10 minutes showed a clear water layer at the top and a sediment layer at the bottom. The clear water was then passed through an eight-fold sari cloth and/or natural bio-sand filtration and the resulting water was found drinkable. The microbiological and physico-chemical quality of this water showed non-significant differences compared to the US EPA drinking water quality parameters. Moreover, no cytotoxic effect of MOSP with BHK-21 and HeLa cells, nor any bacterial endotoxins were observed, indicating use of MOSP does not pose any adverse health effect. Furthermore, the quality of 6 months stored water at room temperature was found acceptable, indicating the usefulness of this technology for drinking water purposes. On the other hand, the sediment or sludge produced in this process could be used in agricultural fields after proper composting. Therefore, this simple, inexpensive and ecofriendly method could be used in drinking water scarcity areas of the world.


Sound has an important role in showing the atmosphere in a video game. But for most people, the sound element in the video game is not overly noticed. So the Beat Defender game was made which highlighted the sound elements in it. This research aims to design and build a game called Beat Defender using fuzzy logic. By using fuzzy logic, components in this game can have an artificial intelligence that reacts with sound. Beat Defender is a three-dimensional video game that relies on music as its main component. The player must keep an object from approaching enemies from all directions. The enemy's movements depend on the artificial intelligence of the fuzzy logic algorithm that reacts to the music that being played. To fight enemies, players use audio visualizations that react with sound input from the player's microphone. The programming language used in the making of this game is the C# language. The research process begins with conducting a literature study, then design, development, testing, report writing and consultation with supervisors throughout the research. After doing research, it can be concluded that designing and building Beat Defender game using fuzzy logic algorithm is a success.


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