scholarly journals A Review on the Building Wind Impact through On-site Monitoring in Haeundae Marine City: 2021 12th Typhoon OMAIS Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 414-425
Author(s):  
Jongyeong Kim ◽  
Byeonggug Kang ◽  
Yongju Kwon ◽  
Seungbi Lee ◽  
Soonchul Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Wind Effect ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Environment ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Site Monitoring ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Overcrowding of high-rise buildings in urban zones change the airflow pattern in the surrounding areas. This causes building wind, which adversely affects the wind environment. Building wind can generate more serious social damage under extreme weather conditions such as typhoons. In this study, to analyze the wind speed and wind speed ratio quantitatively, we installed five anemometers in Haeundae, where high-rise buildings are dense, and conducted on-site monitoring in the event of typhoon OMAIS to determine the characteristics of wind over skyscraper towers surround the other buildings. At point M-2, where the strongest wind speed was measured, the maximum average wind speed in 1 min was observed to be 28.99 m/s, which was 1.7 times stronger than that at the ocean observatory, of 17.0 m/s, at the same time. Furthermore, when the wind speed at the ocean observatory was 8.2 m/s, a strong wind speed of 24 m/s was blowing at point M-2, and the wind speed ratio compared to that at the ocean observatory was 2.92. It is judged that winds 2–3 times stronger than those at the surrounding areas can be induced under certain conditions due to the building wind effect. To verify the degree of wind speed, we introduced the Beaufort wind scale. The Beaufort numbers of wind speed data for the ocean observatory were mostly distributed from 2 to 6, and the maximum value was 8; however, for the observation point, values from 9 to 11 were observed. Through this study, it was possible to determine the characteristics of the wind environment in the area around high-rise buildings due to the building wind effect.

scholarly journals A Remotely Deployable Wind Sonic Anemometer

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Muhammad Awais ◽  
Syed Suleman Abbas Zaidi ◽  
Murk Marvi ◽  
Muhammad Khurram
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Sonic Anemometer ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Ground Truth Data

Communication and computing shape up base for explosion of Internet of Things (IoT) era. Humans can efficiently control the devices around their environment as per requirements because of IoT, the communication between different devices brings more flexibility in surrounding. Useful data is also gathered from some of these devices to create Big Data; where, further analysis assist in making life easier by developing good business models corresponding to user needs, enhance scientific research, formulating weather prediction or monitoring systems and contributing in other relative fields as well. Thus, in this research a remotely deployable IoT enabled Wind Sonic Anemometer has been designed and deployed to calculate average wind speed, direction, and gust. The proposed design is remotely deployable, user-friendly, power efficient and cost-effective because of opted modules i.e., ultrasonic sensors, GSM module, and solar panel. The testbed was also deployed at the roof of Computer & Information Systems Engineering (CIS) department, NED UET. Further, its calibration has been carried out by using long short-term memory (LSTM), a deep learning technique; where ground truth data has been gathered from mechanical wind speed sensor (NRG-40 H) deployed at top of Industrial & Manufacturing (IM) department of NED UET. The obtained results are satisfactory and the performance of designed sensor is also good under various weather conditions.

Effects of building lift-up design on the wind environment for pedestrians

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1214-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Xia ◽  
Xiaoping Liu ◽  
Jianlei Niu ◽  
Kenny C. S. Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Wind Environment ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
Low Wind Speed ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Air Ventilation

Low airflow or poor outdoor ventilation around building blocks can negatively influence pollutant dispersion in the surroundings and indoor air quality, and increase the risks of airborne transmission of infectious diseases. However, there have been few studies addressing the wind environment, thermal comfort and other concerns at the pedestrian level. Buildings with a lift-up design may have a number of impacts on the pedestrian-level wind and thermal environments. Three building configurations that resulted in the lowest wind speed zones were identified from a previous study. A 3.5 m high open ground floor was added to each of the three configurations, and scale models of the three designs were studied in a wind tunnel to assess their influences on airflow and ventilation around the buildings. Undesirable areas of low wind speed leading to poor air ventilation and, on the other side of extreme, areas of discomfort due to strong wind conditions were both identified, and their practical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Impact of weather conditions on cheetah monitoring with scat detection dogs

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Noreen M. Mutoro ◽  
Jonas Eberle ◽  
Jana S. Petermann ◽  
Gertrud Schaab ◽  
Mary Wykstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Average Wind ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Detection Dog ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Knowledge on cheetah population densities across their current range is limited. Therefore, new and efficient assessment tools are needed to gain more knowledge on species distribution, ecology and behaviour. Scat detection dogs have emerged as an efficient and non-invasive method to monitor elusive and vulnerable animal species, like cheetahs, due to the dog’s superior olfactory system. However, the success of locating scat using detection dogs can be significantly improved under suitable weather conditions. We examined the impact of temperature, humidity and wind speed on detection rates of scat from cheetahs during a scat detection dog survey in Northern Kenya. We found that average wind speed positively influences the scat detection rate of detection dogs working on leash. Humidity showed no significant influence. Temperature showed a strong negative correlation with humidity and thus was excluded from our model analyses. While it is likely that wind speed is especially invalid for dogs working off leash, this study did not demonstrate this. Wind speed could thus influence the success of monitoring cheetahs or other target species. Our findings help to improve the survey and thus maximise the coverage of study area and the collection of target samples of elusive and rare species.

scholarly journals Numerical Study on Wind-Induced Noise of High-Rise Building Curtain Wall with Outside Shading Devices

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Wei Xu ◽  
Feng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Maximum Wind Speed ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Curtain Wall ◽  
Perforation Plate ◽  
Maximum Wind ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Plate Size ◽  
Shading Devices

Perforation metal plates with dense holes are often used as external curtain walls of high-rise buildings. When air flow passes through these holes at a high speed, complex vortex is generated and causes a significant issue of wind-induced noise. In this study, both Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulations and large-eddy simulations (LES) were conducted to study flow around high-rise buildings with an external sunshade curtain wall. First, wind speed distributions at the height of a typical level under 16 wind directions were acquired. Then, the maximum wind speed ratio and its corresponding azimuth were identified. Second, the sound pressure levels in the vicinity of the shading devices with two types of perforation plate schemes were calculated to evaluate the acoustic characteristics by using the FW-H equation to simulate sound generation and propagation. The results indicate that the maximum wind speed around the buildings exists at the building corners, and the maximum wind speed ratio is 2.8 observed at 0-degree wind direction. Under two different wind conditions, the aeroacoustic performance of perforation plate is enhanced with reducing end plate size and increasing aperture size. The overall sound pressure level (OSPL) and A-weighted sound pressure level (ASPL) around the shading devices are 80 dB and 68 dB(A), respectively, for the improved perforation plate scheme under the 1-year return period maximum speed, which are changed to 58dB and 45dB(A) under the annual average speed. Therefore, it is believed that perforation plates with small end plate size and large aperture size are desirable for the noise prevention design of shading devices.

Investigation of pedestrian-level wind environment near two high-rise buildings in different arrangements

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 2620-2634
Author(s):  
Hemant Mittal ◽  
Ashutosh Sharma ◽  
Ajay Gairola
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Wind Environment ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Flow Features ◽  
Staggered Arrangement ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

The presence of buildings that surround the wind environment adversely affects at the pedestrian level. The present study investigates the effect of different arrangement of two buildings on wind flow structure and modification of wind speed conditions at the pedestrian level. The investigation was carried out for parallel, tandem, and staggered arrangement of two buildings using computational fluid dynamics simulations. The wind tunnel experiments were conducted to validate the computational fluid dynamics results. The computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed using the standard [Formula: see text] model with LK modification and revised closure coefficients. Different flow features such as skew-symmetric vortex structure for parallel arrangement, reattachment of shear layer on the surfaces of the downstream building for tandem arrangement, and deviation of wake region behind the upstream building to leftward of the flow direction for staggered arrangement were observed. It was observed that the strong wind conditions were mostly affected by tandem and parallel location of the twin buildings. The results of numerical simulation obtained using the modified SKE model were found to be in good agreement with the experimental results.

scholarly journals Correlation between weather conditions and COVID-19 pandemic in the southeast area of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najmeh Parvaz ◽  
Fatemeh Amin ◽  
Ali Esmaeili Nadimi ◽  
Hadi Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Average Wind ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has influenced the live of all people around the world. This study analyzed the relationship between the weather elements (daily temperature, wind speed and humidity) and daily active, recovered and dead cases of covid-19 in Rafsanjan, in the southeast area of Iran. Covid-19 data and meteorological variables were obtained from 29 February 2020 to 20 March 2021 (386 days) from Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences and Meteorological Organization of Iran, respectively. The results showed that there is a significant inverse association between daily average temperature with the number of daily active cases (r: -0.293, p<0.01), recovered cases (r: -0.301, p<0.01) and dead cases (r: -0.198, p<0.01). With decreasing the average wind speed, the number of daily active cases (r: -0.224, p<0.01), recovered cases (r: -0.232, p<0.01) and dead cases has been increased. A nonsignificant positive correlation between daily humidity average and daily active cases (r:0.033, p=0.518) and recovered cases (r:0.044, p=0.390), and significant positive correlation with the number of daily dead cases (r: 0.254, p<0.01) was observed. Therefore, temperature and wind speed can be considered as affective factors in COVID-19 as an auxiliary solution.

scholarly journals Analysis of Wind Effect on High-Rise Building for Different Terrain Category

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Chinedum Vincent Okafor ◽  
Kevin Chucks Okolie ◽  
Mbanusi Echefuna Cyril ◽  
Chinenye Pamela Okafor
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Wind Effect ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Nodal Displacement ◽  
Building Model ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
Profile Equation ◽  
Terrain Category

This paper analyzed the effect of wind loadings on high-rise building for different terrain categories. The wind speed and design wind pressure for the different terrain categories adopted for this study were calculated as per logarithmic wind profile equation and BS6399-2:1997 respectively. Also, the nodal displacement of a 3D high-rise building model with reference to the calculated design wind loads were performed using finite element analysis software(STADDPROV8I). From the result obtained, it was shown that Terrain category IV when compared to other terrain categories recorded lower wind speed and pressure from the ground to a height of about 10m. The writers also observed that at greater terrain category(TC4), the wind speed and pressure tends to be much higher at the top floors(10m-48m) of the high-rise building whereas, terrain categories (TC3, TC2, TC1) recorded lower wind speed and pressure at that same height(10m-48m). this disparity however was discovered to be due to a phenomenon known as gust effect. Also, the nodal displacement for the different terrain category (TC4, TC3, TC2 and TC1) on each floor of the high-rise building increased uniformly in respective pattern as the height of the 3D model increases.  In conclusion, the authors therefore remark “the greater the terrain category, the lowest is the wind speed in the roughness sub layer and the longer height it takes to reach gradient wind speed”.

Measuring Sub-second Wind Velocity Changes for Agricultural Drift One Meter Above the Ground

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-704
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Schramm ◽  
H Mark Hanna ◽  
Matt J. Darr ◽  
Steven J. Hoff ◽  
Brian L. Steward
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Spray Drift ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Average Wind ◽  
Velocity Changes

Abstract. Agricultural spray drift is affected by many factors including current weather conditions, topography of the surrounding area, fluid properties at the nozzle, and the height at which the spray is released. During the late spring/summer spray seasons of 2014 and 2015, wind direction, speed, and solar radiation (2014 only) were measured at 10 Hz, 1 m above the ground to investigate conditions that are typically encountered by a droplet when released from a nozzle on an agricultural sprayer. Measurements of wind velocity as the wind passed from an upwind sensor to a downwind sensor were used to evaluate what conditions wind may be most likely to have a significant direction or speed change which affects droplet trajectory. For two individual datasets in which the average wind speed was 3.6 and 1.5 m/s (8.0 and 3.4 mi/h), there exists little linear correlation of wind speed or wind direction between an upwind and downwind anemometer separated by 30.5 m (100 ft). The highest observed correlation, resulting from a 12-s lag between the upwind and downwind datasets, was 0.29 when the average wind speed was 3.6 m/s (8.0 mi/h). Correlations greater than 0.1 were only found for wind speeds exceeding 3 m/s. Using this lag time, it was observed that the wind direction 30 s into the future had a 30% chance to be different by more than 20° from current conditions. A wind speed difference of more than 1 m/s (2.2 mi/h) from current conditions [mean wind speed was 3.6 m/s (8.0 mi/h)] was observed about 50% of the time. Analyzing 36 days of the 2014 and 2015 spray season wind velocity data showed that the most variability in wind direction occurred with wind speeds below 2 m/s (4.5 mi/h). Greater wind direction variability occurred in the mid-afternoon with higher solar radiation. Keywords: Sprayers, Spray drift, Spray droplets, Turbulence, Wind effects.

Identification of Geographical Locations to Operate Savonius Wind Turbine Rotor for Meeting a Desired Performance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukanta Roy ◽  
Ranjan Das ◽  
Ujjwal K. Saha
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Golden Section ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Savonius Wind Turbine ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
Wind Turbine Rotor

In this paper, feasible geographical locations in India have been identified to meet a desired performance criterion from a Savonius wind turbine rotor involving semicircular blades. The identification is based upon the average wind speed prevailing at the relevant location. For a given turbine geometry, in order to simultaneously satisfy the required power and torque characteristics over a particular range of tip speed ratio, an inverse problem is solved with the aid of golden section search method (GSSM)-based optimization algorithm to predict the required local wind speed. For this, the minimization of the sum of least square errors between the target power and torque coefficients is done with respect to some initially-guessed power and torque values. Thereafter, based on the estimated wind speed, the reconstructed power and torque characteristic curves are validated with the experimental wind tunnel data. The necessary blockage corrections have been considered during the inverse analysis for which pertinent correlations reported in the available literature are used. The variations of the estimated parameter and the pertinent objective function are studied at different iterations of the GSSM. The effect of the initial guess on the estimated value of wind velocity is also reported and it is found that a unique solution occurs for a particular set of power and torque characteristics. The present work avoids the conventional hit and trial method based nonlinear analysis along with repetitive field tests which are otherwise needed to simultaneously generate a given power and torque performance from the Savonius wind turbine. The proposed inverse method thus can be extremely useful to determine the feasible Indian geographical locations directly from any required torque and power data.

scholarly journals Assessing Wind Impact on Noise Level Measurements for Application in Architectural Acoustics: A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-419
Author(s):  
M. Ocholi ◽  
K.E. Ibe ◽  
E.E. Iheonu ◽  
E.E. Ameh
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Wind Effect ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Architectural Acoustics ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Impact

In this study, we have used wind data obtained from an earlier work covering several locations in Nigeria to estimate the possible impact of wind on sound pressure levels. Estimated Weibull parameters were used to compute the most probable wind speed, the average wind speed and the duration for which wind speed exceeds or equal the most probable speed. Adopting the proposed criteria that wind is able to strengthen or weaken sound pressure levels by 3dB depending on wind direction, the effect of wind on sound pressure level was determined. Results showed that wind effect seemed more predominant for the sub-sahelian stations such as Sokoto, Kano, and Maiduguri where the impact was found to be +/- 3dB obviously due to the characteristic high wind speeds recorded at those stations. The situation is almost the same for the midland region except that moderate impacts were found in some of the stations like Yola, Yelwa and Bauchi. However, moderate wind impacts generally characterize the Guinea Savannah and the coastal regions with the exception of Enugu with an impact of +/- 3dB. The result for Warri was found to be insignificant. It was concluded that most locations within the Nigerian environment may attain the wind conditions that would necessitate an adjustment in noise level measurements for application in architectural acoustics. In order to further validate the results of this preliminary study, it was recommended that detailed field survey where all relevant parameters such as wind speeds, wind directions and noise levels are simultaneously measured be conducted.

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