STRUCTURAL AND DYNAMIC FEATURES OF EAR-LY DISABILITY DUE TO MENTAL DISEASES

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Shmakova O.P.
Keyword(s):  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Child And Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
Child Psychiatrist ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Number Of Patients

Prevention of disability is one of the most significant tasks of child and adolescent psychiatry. Obtaining data on the dynamics of the number of people with disabilities and the factors affecting this indicator seems to be one of the relevant aspects. Aim: to trace the dynamics of the number of children with disabili-ties and to assess the change in the structure of early disability over the past decades. Materials and Meth-ods. A comparative analysis of two cohorts of patients was carried out: 1st - patients born in 1990-1992. (1203 patients (men - 914, 76%; women - 289, 24%)) who applied to the district neuropsychiatric dispensa-ry for outpatient care in childhood and adolescence; II - children and adolescents born in 2005 - 2018 (602 patients (male - 410, 68%; female - 192, 32%), ob-served at the time of the study by a child psychiatrist in the neuropsychiatric dispensary. Research methods: clinical and psychopathological; follow-up; statisti-cal. Results. Comparison of the number and nosologi-cal distribution of disabled children in two cohorts showed that over the 15th year there has been a shift towards an increase in the proportion of disabled children among patients observed by child and ado-lescent psychiatrists. The increase in the number of children with disabilities was due to those suffering from childhood autism and other disorders of general development. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of people with disabilities who received benefits before the age of 7, as well as differences in gender ratios among disabled people in the two cohorts. Conclusion. Early disability is a mul-tifactorial phenomenon, prevalence, dynamics, the structure of which depends not only on clinical, but also on socio-administrative realities. Children with autism require increased attention, since there has been a multiple increase in the number of patients with this diagnosis.

scholarly journals Well-differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma of Childhood and Adolescence- A Long Term Experience at a Single Institute

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Faria Nasreen ◽  
Nurun Nahar ◽  
Sadia Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
One Year

<p><strong><em>Background:</em></strong> Thyroid carcinoma is rare in childhood and adolescence. The presentation is more advanced in case of children as compared to adults. However, the prognosis for survival in children is reportedly excellent. The aim of the study was to see the outcome of patients with well differentiated thyroid carcinoma during childhood and adolescence treated at a single institute.</p><p><strong><em>Patients and methods:</em></strong> A retrospective study of 61 children and adolescent patients (age ≤18years) with well differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) enrolled in the National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Dhaka during the period of  January1986  up to December 2007 was carried out. To allow for a theoretical follow up of at least 5 years the last inclusion year was 2007 and follow up was carried on up to June 2013. All patients were treated by thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine ablation therapy. Whole body scans, Tg, anti Tg Ab and neck ultrasound findings were recorded six months to one year after initial therapy to classify patients into remission, persistent or recurrent disease. Status on last follow up was noted to estimate the survival rate.</p><p><strong><em>Results:</em></strong> A total of 40 patients had papillary carcinoma, 18 had follicular variant of papillary carcinoma (FVPCT) and three had follicular carcinoma. Age range at diagnosis was nine to 18 years with a mean of 15± 2 years. The number of patients ≤10 years were five and &gt; 10 years were 56. There were 12 males and 49 females giving a M: F ratio of about 1:4. Among the 61 patients 30 patients had lymph node metastases and two had both nodal and lung metastases at initial presentation. After one year follow up from the initial radioiodine therapy, 30 patients were in remission and 31 patients had persistent disease. Eventually recurrence occurred in five patients. Three patients died during the whole observation period and all of them were cancer related giving a cancer specific mortality ratio of 0.049%, 95% CI 0 to 0.105%. Cancer specific survival by Kaplan-Meier curve was 98.2%, 98.2% and 66% at 5, 10 and 15 years respectively.</p><p><strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong> DTC in children and adolescent has a good prognosis in the presence of neck and distant metastases. Awareness of the patient and regular follow up with life long surveillance is essential to obtain a favorable outcome.</p><p>Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 20(2): 99-104, July 2017</p>

EFFICACY OF HEMIARTHROPLASTY FOR HUMERAL FOUR-PART FRACTURES IN ELDERLY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Bobade ◽  
Sandesh Bobade ◽  
Pravin Deokate
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Proximal Humerus ◽  
Humeral Fracture ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Disability Score ◽  
Lesser Tuberosity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background: There are four anatomic parts of the proximal humerus namely, head, greater tuberosity, lesser tuberosity, and surgical neck. 140 ͦ is the approx angle that is formed by the neck-shaft of the humeral. With prevalence rate of 5-6% among the elderly its incidence increase with the advancement in the age.  There are various factors affecting this advancement of the elderly patients towards the proximal humerus including increasing age, osteoporosis, age, sex and other similar factors. Aim: To study the efficacy of Hemiarthroplasty for Humeral Four-part Fractures in Elderly Patients Methods: It was an observational study. 30 patients were taken up for the study, who were diagnosed with humeral fracture. All the patients were included in the study after getting written consent from them. Radiography was done for all the patients from an AP view, a lateral shoulder view in the scapular plane, and of the axilla according to the Neer’s classification. Results: The above table shows that the number of patients was 10 and that of the female patients was 20. The mean age for the patients was 75.45±10.69 years. The VAS score before treatment was found to be ranged from 50-90 and the VAS score after treatment was found to be ranged from 75-95. The above table shows that the VAS pain was 20 in 3 months follow up time that increased to 25 in 1 year follow up time. The VAS disability score within 3 months follow up was 53 that reduced to 47 in 1 year follow-up period. The CMS activity score was in 3 months follow-up was 10.5 and that in 1 year follow up was 15. The CMS mobility after 3 months follow-up was 13 that increased to 22 in 1 year follow-up period. Conclusion: In the light of above results and discussion it is evident that the Hemiarthroplasty is a more viable option for reducing pain and increasing mobility in elderly patients suffering from four-part humeral fracture as compared to any other operative technique.

scholarly journals The onset time of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) depends on AIT type

2014 ◽  
Vol 171 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Tomisti ◽  
Giuseppe Rossi ◽  
Luigi Bartalena ◽  
Enio Martino ◽  
Fausto Bogazzi
Keyword(s):  
Onset Time ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Amiodarone Therapy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pathogenic Mechanisms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Design And Methods

ObjectiveConsidering the different pathogenic mechanisms of the two main forms of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT), we ascertained whether this results in a different onset time as well.Design and methodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical records of 200 consecutive AIT patients (157 men and 43 women; mean age 62.2±12.6 years) referred to our Department from 1987 to 2012. The onset time of AIT was defined as the time elapsed from the beginning of amiodarone therapy and the first diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis, expressed in months. Factors associated with the onset time of AIT were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsThe median onset time of thyrotoxicosis was 3.5 months (95% CI 2–6 months) in patients with type 1 AIT (AIT1) and 30 months (95% CI 27–32 months, P<0.001) in those with type 2 AIT (AIT2). Of the total number of patients, 5% with AIT1 and 23% with AIT2 (P=0.007) developed thyrotoxicosis after amiodarone withdrawal. Factors affecting the onset time of thyrotoxicosis were the type of AIT and thyroid volume (TV).ConclusionsThe different pathogenic mechanisms of the two forms of AIT account for different onset times of thyrotoxicosis in the two groups. Patients with preexisting thyroid abnormalities (candidate to develop AIT1) may require a stricter follow-up during amiodarone therapy than those usually recommended. In AIT1, the onset of thyrotoxicosis after amiodarone withdrawal is rare, while AIT2 patients may require periodic tests for thyroid function longer after withdrawing amiodarone.

scholarly journals Female Sterilization by Tubal Ligation During C-Section in Women with a History of 2 or More C-Section

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Hatice Kansu Celik ◽  
Dilek Uygur ◽  
Yasemin Tasci ◽  
Merve Gulsen Durmus ◽  
Burcu Kisa Karakaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tubal Ligation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Income Status ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
At Home

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The aim of this study is to determine bilateral tubal ligation incidence performed during C-section in women with a history of 2 or more C-section and the factors affecting sterilization demand.</p><p><br /><strong>Study Design:</strong> Patients who were admitted to Zekai Tahir Burak Woman's Health, Education and Research Hospital between February 2017 and June 2017 and who had a history of 2 or more C-section between week 37 and 41 were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. These subjects were separated into 2 groups according to whether they wanted bilateral tubal ligation during C-section. Bilateral tubal ligation was performed by means of modified Pomeroy technique. Both groups were compared in terms of age, gravida, number of children living at home, education level and income status. Patients who did not want bilateral tubal ligation were asked to fill a questionnaire involving reasons for not asking for bilateral tubal ligation.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The number of patients who wanted bilateral tubal ligation was 51 (43%) while those who did not want bilateral tubal ligation was 67 (57%). Compared with patients who did not want bilateral tubal ligation, patients who wanted bilateral tubal ligation had more number of children at home and a higher number of previous C-section (p&lt;0.001). Reasons for not wanting bilateral tubal ligation consisted of religious beliefs (26.8%), desire for protection with a reversible contraceptive method (17.9%), partner who does not want bilateral tubal ligation (17.9%), incompletely family size (13.4%), respectively according to their frequency.<br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> bilateral tubal ligation for contraception during C-section was performed forty-three percent of women who had had a history of 2 or more C-section. In one fourth of the cases, pregnant women did not want bilateral tubal ligation due to religious beliefs.</p>

scholarly journals Malignant pleural mesothelioma: Experience of the Medical Oncology Department of Hassan II Hospital in Fez, Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Lamyae Nouiakh ◽  
Zineb Benbrahim ◽  
Karima Oualla ◽  
Abdelkrim Haita ◽  
Imane Ouafki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Medical Oncology ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a primary, rare and aggressive malignant tumor, closely correlated with asbestos exposure. Aim: The objective of this work is to study the main epidemiological, clinical, histological and therapeutic aspects of these tumors and to compare our results with those reported in the literature. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 8 cases of MPM collected at the medical oncology department of CHU Hassan II in Fez, for a period of 8 years from January 2011 to January 2019. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 53 years with an F/H sex ratio of 1.7. Occupational exposure to asbestos was found in only one patient. Pleural effusion syndrome was present in all patients. Biopsy was done under thoracoscopy in 7patients (87.5%). MPM were mostly stage IV (50%). The standard treatment was conventional chemotherapy based on platinum, administered to all patients. After an average number of 4 courses, the objective response rate was 12.5%, and the disease control rate was 50%. Second line chemotherapy consisted of monotherapy with NAVELBINE (67%) or PEMETREXED (33%). After a median follow–up of 17 months, the median of progression–free survival was 5 months, and that of overall survival was 8 months. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we conclude that MPM is a very rare tumor in Morocco with poor prognosis. Prognostic factors affecting survival could not be studied due to the low number of patients included in the study, and the lack of data on medical records.

Speech Therapy Services in a Large School System: A Six-Year Overview

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance P. DesRoches
Keyword(s):  
School System ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Case Load ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
School Population ◽  
System A ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
Selection Factors

A statistical review provides analysis of four years of speech therapy services of a suburban school system which can be used for comparison with other school system programs. Included are data on the percentages of the school population enrolled in therapy, the categories of disabilities and the number of children in each category, the sex and grade-level distribution of those in therapy, and shifts in case-load selection. Factors affecting changes in case-load profiles are identified and discussed.

Factors Affecting the Use and Consequences of Management Accounting Practices in A Transitional Economy: The Case of Vietnam

2016 ◽  
pp. 54-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Doan Ngoc Phi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Transitional Economy ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Enterprise Performance ◽  
Factors Affecting

This study seeks to help fill an important gap in the literature by investigating factors that have facilitated the use of management accounting practices (MAPs) in Vietnam - a transitional economy. Data were collected from 220 medium-to-large enterprises. Follow-up interviews were conducted with 20 accounting heads/vice heads to obtain further information and clarification. The quantitative data collected was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics (including t-tests and structural equation modeling), while the qualitative data was used to shed further light on the various relationships described by the quantitative analysis. This paper reveals that both decentralization and competition have a positive, significant influence on the use of new MAPs except for the old ones. Consequently, the use of MAPs has a positive, significant influence on enterprise performance.

Exploring the Ecological Factors Affecting the Employment of People with Disabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-93
Author(s):  
Young-soo Kim ◽  
◽  
Su-yon Kim ◽  
Won-sup Ryu ◽  
Soo-eun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Factors ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Factors Affecting

The Paradox of Poverty: Socio-Economic Aspects of Population Growth.— By T. Scarlett Epstein and Darrell Jackson. The Macmillan of India Limited Delhi, 1975. pp.127.

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-382
Author(s):  
M. Javed Akbar Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Fertility Decision ◽  
The Social

To many social theoreticians, the population explosion, particularly in the developing nations presents a crippling threat to their developmental pro¬cesses. Their argument's validity rests mainly on the assumption that expected economic progress is swallowed up by unbalanced rise of numbers in the population. The book being reviewed deals mainly with this subject matter and is divided into two parts, each containing three articles contributed by various researchers. Part one, 'The Social context of Fertility Decision' is focused on analyzing the role of factors affecting fertility at the micro-level decision making process. The first article 'Fertility decision in rural India' by Vinod Jainath, examines the applicability to rural India of various models of the process of fertility decision making and finds most of these wanting with respect to the Indian social situation. While analyzing the fertility patterns of Rural India, he points out the positive need for larger families among the poor small farmers mainly due to labour supply considerations. The author argues that unemployment and under¬employment actually motivate the poor to have more children as it better ensures their economic security in their old age. As the chances of gaining employ¬ment for their offspring diminish, they are induced to increase the total number of children in order that atleast one will be able to support them. Thus a vicious circle of poverty arises in large families because of each of the parents wanting to increase their children's chances of employment by ultimately reducing the overall employment opportunities even further and exacerbating their poverty.

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