Female Sterilization by Tubal Ligation During C-Section in Women with a History of 2 or More C-Section

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine bilateral tubal ligation incidence performed during C-section in women with a history of 2 or more C-section and the factors affecting sterilization demand. Study Design: Patients who were admitted to Zekai Tahir Burak Woman's Health, Education and Research Hospital between February 2017 and June 2017 and who had a history of 2 or more C-section between week 37 and 41 were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. These subjects were separated into 2 groups according to whether they wanted bilateral tubal ligation during C-section. Bilateral tubal ligation was performed by means of modified Pomeroy technique. Both groups were compared in terms of age, gravida, number of children living at home, education level and income status. Patients who did not want bilateral tubal ligation were asked to fill a questionnaire involving reasons for not asking for bilateral tubal ligation.Results: The number of patients who wanted bilateral tubal ligation was 51 (43%) while those who did not want bilateral tubal ligation was 67 (57%). Compared with patients who did not want bilateral tubal ligation, patients who wanted bilateral tubal ligation had more number of children at home and a higher number of previous C-section (p<0.001). Reasons for not wanting bilateral tubal ligation consisted of religious beliefs (26.8%), desire for protection with a reversible contraceptive method (17.9%), partner who does not want bilateral tubal ligation (17.9%), incompletely family size (13.4%), respectively according to their frequency. Conclusion: bilateral tubal ligation for contraception during C-section was performed forty-three percent of women who had had a history of 2 or more C-section. In one fourth of the cases, pregnant women did not want bilateral tubal ligation due to religious beliefs.

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HEMOGLOBIN STATUS OF FEMALE MEDICOS IN URBAN AREA AND FACTORS AFFECTING IT: AN OBSERVATIONAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i3.16440 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 439

Author(s):

Drpadmajauday Kumar ◽

Varsha Kalyanpur

Keyword(s):

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Green Leafy Vegetables ◽

Nutritional Anemia ◽

Mild Anemia ◽

History Of

ABSTRACTObjectives: Estimating the hemoglobin (Hb) status in female medicos through prospective cross-sectional study and assessment of influencing ofcofactors were objectives.Methods: Women medicos who volunteered, consented and met selection criteria were enrolled. Hb level was estimated to diagnose anemia.Relationship with influencing factors was assessed statistically.Result: A total of 100 eligible students were enrolled. Mean age±standard deviation (SD) age of the participants’ was 20.9±3.1 years (17-25 years).Mean±SD Hb was 12.25±1.0189 g% (9.0-16.0 g%). 33 were anemic, and mild anemia (32%) was frequent. There was a history of worm infestation inthree students (3%), who were treated adequately. Nine were on iron supplements of which five were still anemic and were continuing the treatmentby the end of the study. 28 (84.84%) anemic students were not on any iron or hematinic treatment. There was no association between the anemiaand nature of diet, consumption of green leafy vegetables, consumption of coffee/tea after food, smoking/tobacco or alcohol consumption, mother’seducation, socioeconomic status, menstrual factors, and physical exercise. The prevalence of anemia was found to be higher in underweight andoverweight students in comparison to students with normal body mass index.Asymptomatic participants (n=78) outnumbered symptomatic ones(n=22), but without any statistical significance. Easy fatigability (14%), pallor (7%), breathlessness (6%), weakness (9%), and easy bruising (1%)were frequent complaints.Conclusion: Anemia is frequent among women medicos, often underdiagnosed, under-reported, many remaining asymptomatic. Negligence ofmedical students toward their anemic status despite the awareness of consequences of low Hb level is a serious cause of concern.Keywords: Awareness, Hemoglobin, Nutritional anemia, Women medical students.

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COVID-19: An Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nowshera

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College ◽

10.37939/jrmc.v24i2.1376 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 149-155

Author(s):

Hamzullah Khan ◽

Mohammad Zahid Khan ◽

Mian Mohammad Naveed

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Epidemic Area ◽

History Of ◽

Severity Of The Disease ◽

Age Range

Objective: To determine the frequency of COVID-19 and characteristics of patients presenting to the COVID-19 clinic at Qazi Hussain Ahmed Medical Complex (QHAMC) Nowshera. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 21st Feb 2019 to April 8, 2020, in QHAMC Nowshera. Relevant information was collected on a pre-designed Performa prepared following the objectives of the study. Results: Out of 220 patients, 165(75%) were males, and 55(25%) females. 96(43.6%) of the patients were in the age range 18-30 years followed by 52(23.6%) in age range 31-45years and 17(7.7%) with age>60 years etc. Out of total the nasopharyngeal swabs of 26(11.6%) strong suspects were sent for PCR testing. 208(94.5%) were sent home while 12(5.5%) were advised quarantine. Forty-seven (21.4%) had a travel history to an epidemic area in the last 14 days. 51(23.2%) had a positive history of contact. Eighty-five (38.6%) had a fever and sore throat followed by 27(12.3%) with (fever & cough), 24(10.9%) with (cough and shortness of breath/dyspnea) and 14(6.4%) with a simple flue, etc. Out of 26 cases, 6(2.7%) were COVID-19 Positive, 12(5.5%) were negative and results of 8(3.6%) were still awaited. The PCR repeated the test for confirmed cases showed; 4(1.8%) negative, one died and one was refractory positive. A positive correlation (p=0.03, r=0.4) of an increase in age with the severity of the disease/outcome was recorded. Conclusion: The frequency of infectivity with COVID-19 was 2.6%. A higher number of patients with mild symptoms attend the COVID clinic. The rate of infection and mortality was higher in age> 60 years.

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Clinical Study of Bell's Palsy at Tertiary Care: Our Experience

Annals of Otology and Neurotology ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1693096 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 02 (01) ◽

pp. 16-20

Author(s):

M. B. Bharathi ◽

Thanzeem Unisa ◽

Swathi Chandresh ◽

Venkatesh C. R. ◽

Harsha S.

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Bell’S Palsy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Bell's Palsy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tertiary Referral Center ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

The Face ◽

History Of

Abstract Introduction Bell's palsy (BP) is the common cause of facial palsy. This study aims to report and analyze the age, sex distribution, symptomatology, site of lesion, and prognosis in 101 patients with (BP). Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted at tertiary referral center, JSS Hospital, Mysuru. All patients consenting to participate in this study, of all ages, of either sex, both outpatients and inpatients with a diagnosis of BP during this study period were included. Results Of the 101 patients analyzed, maximum cases (25.7%) were in third decade of age; 55.4% were males, and both right and left sides of the face were equally involved. Maximum number of patients (50.5%) had a history of postaural pain at presentation Topodiagnostic tests showed majority of BP cases involving geniculate or suprageniculate regions (67.3%) in our study. 20.8% had lesion above the nerve to stapedius, and 11.9% had lesion below the nerve to stapedius. Electrodiagnostic test—electroneuromyography (ENMG)—was abnormal in 57 (67.1%) individuals at day 4. 50.4% of patients had a House-Brackmann (HB) facial nerve grade IV at presentation. 90% of the BP group in our study recovered normal to near-normal facial nerve function by the end of 28 days’ time. Conclusion Each case of BP should be evaluated with thorough clinical examination, topodiagnostic tests, and electrodiagnostic tests. Appropriate management will help in almost full recovery of disease.

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Factors affecting the fetal & maternal outcome in a trial of labour after previous one caesarean section

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v10i2.390 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 1110-1117

Author(s):

Aseel Ghazi Rifat

Keyword(s):

Caesarean Section ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Safe Alternative ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Fetal Complications ◽

History Of ◽

Maternal Bmi

This study was designed to evaluate maternal and obstetrical factors associated with a successful trial of labour after one caesarean section (TOLAC) as well as evaluating the associated fetal and maternal outcomes and to determine the rate of vaginal delivery and repeated C/S. A prospective cross-sectional study was done on 237 women with previous one C/S then patients were selected for the trial of labour based on the department protocol. Those who were chosen for TOL were strictly monitored & observed for the progress of labour and the outcomes were recorded in terms of mode of delivery, maternal & fetal complications and were analysed and compared with those who had repeated C/S. Seventy-three (30.8%) patient was delivered by elective C/S without trial, 109 (46%) of the patients who were admitted to labour room delivered vaginally while 55 (23.2%) delivered by emergency C/S. It has been found that maternal BMI of (<25), history of vaginal birth after C/S (VBAC) and smaller gestational age were significantly associated with the success of TOL and can predict the outcome. Higher maternal & fetal complications rates were reported in cases delivered by emergency C/S compared to those who delivered vaginally or through elective C/S. The trial of labour after one caesarean section is a safe alternative to repeated C/S and decreases the associated morbidities with repeated C/S. The success rate of TOLAC reported in this study was (66.5%). A successful TOLAC is associated with normal maternal BMI, smaller gestational age and history of the previous VBAC.

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Pathogenic NOTCH3 Variants Are Frequent Among the Korean General Population

Neurology Genetics ◽

10.1212/nxg.0000000000000639 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. e639

Author(s):

Chul-Hoo Kang ◽

Young Mee Kim ◽

Yang-Ji Kim ◽

Su-Jeong Hong ◽

Do Yoon Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Genome Project ◽

Jeju Island ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Genome Database ◽

Pathogenic Variants ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

High Prevalence ◽

History Of ◽

Reference Genome Database

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the frequency of pathogenic NOTCH3 variants among Koreans.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we queried for pathogenic NOTCH3 variants in 2 Korean public genome databases: the Korean Reference Genome Database (KRGDB) and the Korean Genome Project (Korea1K). In addition, we screened the 3 most common pathogenic NOTCH3 variants (p.Arg75Pro, p.Arg544Cys, and p.Arg578Cys) for 1,000 individuals on Jeju Island, where the largest number of patients with cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) have been reported in Korea.ResultsThe pathogenic NOTCH3 variant (p.Arg544Cys) was found in 0.12% of sequences in the KRGDB, and 3 pathogenic variants (p.Arg75Pro, p.Arg182Cys, and p.Arg544Cys) were present in 0.44% of the Korea1K database. Of the 1,000 individuals on Jeju Island, we found 2 cysteine-altering NOTCH3 variants (p.Arg544Cys variant in 9 and p.Arg578Cys in 1 individual) in 1.00% of the participants (95% confidence interval: 0.48%–1.83%). The presence of cysteine-altering NOTCH3 variants was significantly associated with a history of stroke (p < 0.001).DiscussionPathogenic NOTCH3 variants are frequently found in the general Korean population. Such a high prevalence of pathogenic variants could threaten the brain health of tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of older adults in Korea.

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Identify determinant of contraceptive use in rural set up of Surat district, Gujarat

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20173352 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (8) ◽

pp. 2956

Author(s):

Rajendra Solanki ◽

Hiteshri C. Patel ◽

J. K. Kosambiya

Keyword(s):

Contraceptive Use ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Number Of Children ◽

First Child ◽

Education Of Women ◽

And Gender ◽

Set Up

Background: In spite of significant growth and expansion of family planning programme, pregnancy continues to be unplanned. This study has been conducted to identify determinant responsible for use of contraception. The aim of the study was to determine the factors affecting the use of the contraceptives. The objectives were to study Socio – demographic, fertility profile of eligible couples and its relation to use of contraceptionMethods: This is a cross sectional study conducted during period of 20th September 2014 to 15th January 2015. Three PHCs were selected purposively from Olpad taluka of the Surat District. Two Sub Centers were selected randomly from each PHC. Data regarding eligible couples were collected from Sub Center register. From each Sub Center, 47 eligible women were selected randomly. Total sample size was 280 (CPR: 60%, DLHS-3).Results: Mean age of study participants were 29.14±6.7 years. Out of total women, 18.6% women were married before attaining the age of 18 years. More than 50% women were 20-24 years of age group at the time of birth of first child where as 25.4% women gave birth to first child before the age of 20 years. There was significant association between use of Contraceptive methods with factors like age of women, caste, religion, education of women, education of husband and number of children (p<0.05). At the time of sterilization, number of children and gender of last child plaed a significant role.Conclusions: Women should be empowered with education regarding use of contraception. Child marriage act should be strictly followed.

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Practice of Eye Checks among Medical Doctors in South-East Nigeria

Advances in Research ◽

10.9734/air/2021/v22i430309 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 38-46

Author(s):

Arinze Anthony Onwuegbuna ◽

Akunne Ijeoma Apakama ◽

Miriam-Benigna Chika Amobi ◽

Emeka Akujuobi Chianakwalam ◽

Chuka Michael Okosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Visual Impairment ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Eye Diseases ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Medical Doctors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

History Of

Visual impairment greatly affects one’s quality of life. The number of persons with visual impairment and blindness in the world is on the increase. Eye screening allows for early detection of sight-threatening diseases and timely intervention could be sight-saving. Aim: To determine the practice of eye checks and identify the factors that affect periodic eye checks among medical doctors in south-east Nigeria. Methodology: This study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted among practicing medical doctors in private and public hospitals in Anambra State Nigeria, using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Information obtained from the participants included the sociodemographics data, type and duration of practice, presence of any medical and/or ocular condition, family history of eye diseases, history of use of spectacles, practice of eye check and interval of eye check, factors affecting the practice of eye check, and ways of promoting regular eye check. Data obtained were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23. Statistical significance was set at p˂0.05. Results: One hundred and eighty-seven practicing medical doctors were interviewed. There were 123 (65.8%) males and 64 (34.2%) females. Their ages ranged from 24 to 80 years, with a mean age of 44.81 ± 12.73 years. The mean duration of professional practice was 18.16 ± 11.9 years. Majority, 124 (66.3%) works in government-owned hospitals. Among the study participants, 93(49.7%) doctors had been diagnosed with different ocular diseases; 99(52.9%) had a family history of ocular problems; 94(50.3%) had used prescription lenses; and 51(27.3%) had medical conditions. One hundred and twelve (59.9%) had undergone at least eye examinations once, of which 54(48.2%) had their last eye examination over 5 years ago. The prevalence of eye check was 59.9% (95%CI: 52.9 – 66.9%). Eye checks were significantly associated with medical practice of over 20 years (P=0.030), working in a private practice (P=0.001), having eye diseases such as cataract (P=0.006), refractive error (P˂0.001), presbyopia (P˂0.001), and use of prescription spectacles (P˂0.001). ‘Belief of not having eye problems’ and ‘No time’ which accounted for 58.7% and 24.0% respectively were the commonest reasons for not regularly having eye examinations. Conclusion: Poor attitude to periodic eye examinations was seen in medical doctors in south east Nigeria.

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Clinical analysis of cardiac failure in post-myocardial infarction patients

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20182074 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 587

Author(s):

R. Jaya Prakash Reddy ◽

P. Vijaya Narasimha Reddy

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Cardiac Failure ◽

Clinical Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anterior Wall ◽

Prior History ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

History Of

Background: Cardiac failure is one of the common complications of Acute Myocardial Infarction. As CAD is the leading cause of death and post MI Cardiac failure also causing increase in rate of Mortality. It directs us to assess the complications of MI and to evaluate the precautionary & preventive steps of cardiac failure.Methods: The present study comprises of 50 cardiac failure patients with history of MI in the past and who presented with myocardial infarction with cardiac failure were included in this study. We excluded the patients who presented with Cardiac failure without Prior history of MI. This hospital based cross sectional study was conducted at Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ongole, Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh. The study was carried out for a period of 1 year with informed consent.Results: In present study majority number of patients (33) show hypokinesia and 10 are found to have dyskinesia and only 4 are akinesia. In this study More than 50% patients are with history of anterior wall involvement. 36(72%) patients have elevated JVP, 34(68%) have cardiomegaly, 38 patients presented with PND. 29(58%) patients are DM and 35(70%) are HTN and only 6(12%) patients are neither DM, nor HTN.Conclusions: Cardiac failure is a common complication after MI. Most common presentations are breathlessness, chest pain, PND, JVP etc. Anterior wall MI on ECG either isolated or associated with other walls is the leading cause of post MI cardiac failure.

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Nocturnal enuresis among children in Morogoro region in Tanzania: A cross-sectional survey

Tanzania Medical Journal ◽

10.4314/tmj.v31i1.325 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 16-29

Author(s):

Nehemia Kilongo ◽

Francis F. Furia

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

African Region ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Childhood Disorders ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

History Of

Background: Enuresis is common childhood disorders which affecting quality of life of children and causing significant psychosocial disturbances to children and their families. This condition has been widely reported globally with increasing data from sub-Saharan African region. In Tanzania there is no reports on its magnitude and therefore this study was carried out with the aim of determine the prevalence of this condition among children in Tanzania.Methods: This was a community based cross-sectional study conducted among children aged between 5 and 14 years recruited from 12 streets in Morogoro Municipality in Tanzania. Standardized Swahili questionnaire was used to collect data including socio-demographic details of parents, children and presence of enuresis. Socio-demographic data included age of the child, sex, level of education of the parents, education of the child, presence of bed wetting, history of enuresis in the family.Results: Five hundred and ten children were recruited into this study out of which 271 (53.1%) were females and mean age of study participants was 9±2.8 years. Enuresis was noted in 19% (97/510) of children, 68% (66/97) and 32% (31/97) had primary and secondary enuresis respectively. Significantly higher prevalence rates of enuresis were noted for children aged below 8 years 26.4% (43/162) and those with family history of enuresis 47% (18/38) with p values of 0.01 and < 0.001 respectively. Forty-one (42.3%) out of 97 respondents whose children had enuresis reported to have punished their children and only 21.4% (20/97) reported to have sought treatment for their children.Conclusions: Enuresis is common among children in Tanzania particularly those with positive family history. Punishment to children with enuresis was noted in this study and only one in five parents/guardians sought treatment for their affected children. Therefore, there is a need for initiatives for raising community awareness about enuresis in Tanzania Key words: Enuresis in children, prevalence of enuresis in Tanzania, factors affecting enuresis in children.

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Hand dermatitis among patients visited the Dermatology Clinic of Al-Sadder Teaching Hospital,MisanProvince

Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science ◽

10.23851/mjs.v29i1.231 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Hmood Hassan

Keyword(s):

Positive Family History ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hand Eczema ◽

The Body ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hand Dermatitis ◽

Dermatology Clinic ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Wide Range ◽

History Of

Abstract Hand dermatitis is a common dermatosis which a polymorphic inflammatory reaction pattern that involving the skin layers (epidermis and dermis). There are a lot of factors that causing hand dermatitis with clinically wide range of manifestations. Females is at increasing risk of the hand dermatitis development.. The study aim is to determine the prevalence and the important common factors that affect the hand dermatitis Patients and methods: A cross- sectional study including a total number of patients with generalized eczema in the body were 840.The number of the patients had hand eczema were 240. study was carried out during the period from 1st of January 2016 to 1st of November 2016. Results: In our study there were certain risk factors affected the patients presented with hand dermatitis were identified.. The results in study showed that(17.5%) had positive family history of hand dermatitis, (30%) had positive history of atopy and negative drug history had(77.5%). Patients with bilateral hands involvement (82.5% ) and the highest percentage in female at or older than 40years old(35.48% ).The highest percentage was among males in the (30-39 and above 40 years) age group with 44.44% for each group. Hand dermatitis more common in house wife then in building worker and nurse with married females have higher percentage 74% than non marriedones 26%. Conclusion : Hand dermatitis prevalence was higher in female patients at age of 20 to 29 years with one third of them had history of atopy, especially in house wives with excessive exposure to daily cleaning topical chemicals.

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