scholarly journals Análise da Expansão Antrópica na Região Oeste do Município de Resende – RJ, em Relação ao Parque Nacional do Itatiaia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 928
Author(s):  
Camila Mendes Dos Santos ◽  
Cláudio Lindenberg De Freitas ◽  
Igor Crabi De Freitas ◽  
Ismael Aparecido Da Silva ◽  
Nivea Adriana Dias Pons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Parque Nacional Do Itatiaia ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Surrounding Areas

O Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (PNI) é uma Unidade de Conservação de proteção integral, que tem por objetivo preservar ambientes aquáticos e terrestres da região da mata atlântica em virtude de sua beleza e raridade. A conservação do PNI depende diretamente das áreas ao redor e o uso irregular destas áreas circunvizinhas impacta negativamente nos processos ecológicos do parque. Observando essa problemática o presente estudo visa analisar a expansão antrópica na região oeste do município de Resende – RJ, em relação ao PNI. Realizaram-se pesquisas bibliográfica e documental sobre o Plano Diretor (PD) do município de Resende e o Plano de Manejo (PM) do PNI. Através de processos de geoprocessamento com base na legislação vigente, analisou-se documentos cartográficos processados a partir da vetorização de shapefiles no Arcgis 10.2 e análise temporal nos anos de 2003, 2013 e 2017 dos dados disponíveis no Google Earth. Os resultados demonstram diminuição das pastagens e aumento do número de edificações ao longo dos anos de estudo. O PM do PNI e o PD de Resende consideram o entorno do parque como uma região sujeita a restrições de atividades humanas, com o intuito de minimizar os impactos negativos ao parque. Contudo, por falta de integração entre os planos alguns pontos se tornam divergentes, muito em decorrência do PD não levar em consideração a zona de amortecimento (ZA) do PNI. Conclui-se o controle da ação antrópica na região é fundamental para garantia e preservação do PNI no município de Resende, a fim de promover um desenvolvimento sustentável. Analysis of the anthropic expansion in the western region of the municipality of Resende - RJ, in relation to the Itatiaia National Park The National Park of Itatiaia (PNI) is a Conservation Unit of integral protection, whose objective is to preserve aquatic and terrestrial environments of the region of the Atlantic forest due to its beauty and rarity. The conservation of the PNI depends directly on the surrounding areas and the irregular use of the surrounding areas has a negative impact on the ecological processes of the park. Observing this problem, the present study aims to analyze the anthropic expansion in the western region of the city of Resende - RJ, in relation to the PNI. Bibliographical and documentary research on the Master Plan (PD) of the municipality of Resende and the Management Plan (PM) of the PNI were carried out. Through geoprocessing processes based on the current legislation, we analyzed cartographic documents processed from the vectorization of shapefiles in Arcgis 10.2 and temporal analysis in the years 2003, 2013 and 2017 of the data available in Google Earth. The results demonstrate a reduction of pastures and an increase in the number and buildings throughout the study years. The PM of the PNI and the PD of Resende consider the surroundings of the park as a region subject to restrictions of human activities, in order to minimize the negative impacts to the park. However, due to lack of integration between the plans some points become divergent, much as the PD does not take into account the buffer zone (ZA) of the PNI. The control of the anthropic action in the region is fundamental to guarantee and preserve the PNI in the municipality of Resende, in order to promote a sustainable development.  Keywords: Expansion; Geoprocessing; Protection Area.

scholarly journals Fractional Land Cover Classification and Temporal Change Evaluation of Deh Akro-II Wetland Complex and Chotiari Wetland Complex, Sindh, Pakistan, Using Google Earth Engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 4258-4277
Author(s):  
Samawia Rizwan ◽  
Dr. Khalid Mahmood ◽  
Dr. Sajid Rashid Ahmad ◽  
Dr. Shafiq Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Landsat 7 ◽  
Wetland Complex ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Year 2000

Wetlands are one of the most important and rich eco system. Deh akro II wetland complex is unique inland type of wetlands comprise of 35 wetlands in middle of Nara desert on bank of Nara Canal. They face a lot of degradation because of anthropogenic activities in the surrounding areas and lack of rainfall in last 2 decades. Chotiari wetland complex located in south east of Deh akro II wetland complex, it comprises of several fresh water lakes converted into reservoir in year 2003 for better irrigation purposes. This conversion of wetlands into reservoir does not did very well for surrounding agricultural lands and natural vegetation. So in this study two technique of Fractional cover mapping were used to classify three types of land covers in both study areas. Temporal analysis was performed using the Landsat 7 ETM+ image of year 2000 and Landsat 8 OLI image of year 2018. For better results NDVI, EVI and NDWI were also calculated. For Deh akro II wetland complex Kappa accuracy statistics for year 2000 is 84% and for year 2018 its 87%. Several changes were recorded in this time span of 18 years as 42% of water bodies area has been decreased, 48% of Agriculture area has been increased and 68% of natural vegetation area has been increased. Increase in amount of vegetation and agriculture indicates that with better management and planning, effects of climate change over the area can be minimized. Kappa accuracy statistics for Chotiari Wetland complex for year 2000 is 71% and for year 2018 it’s 73%. Enormous changes were noted in 18 years as Agriculture area has been decreased up to 91%, water area has been increased up to 15% and vegetation has unluckily decreased up to 98% in reservoir area. This huge decrease in Agriculture and natural vegetation is an alarming situation for the wildlife and native population as well as authorities of Chotiari wetland complex.

scholarly journals Insecta Neuroptera of the Galician National Park

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
H. Serediuk
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
First Time

At the present stage of the study of the fauna of the Neuroptera Galician National Park, there are 11 species belonging to seven genera, three families. The species Chrysopa commata Kis & Ujhelyi was marked for the western region of Ukraine for the first time as well as the species Chrysopa hungarica Klap for the pre-Carpathian region.

scholarly journals Mapeamento e Classificação do Grau de Dificuldade da Trilha do Rancho Caído, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (RJ)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grislayne Guedes Lopes da Silva ◽  
Thalita Campos Lima ◽  
Léandre Panchaud
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
National Park ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Map Algebra ◽  
Projection System ◽  
Thematic Map ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Parque Nacional Do Itatiaia

A análise de dados mapeados se tornou uma importante ferramenta de auxílio no gerenciamento dos recursos naturais e urbanos. Em Unidades de Conservação (UC), os mapas servem de apoio aos visitantes e ao próprio manejo dos parques. A difusão da utilização de técnicas de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG) se tornou essencial para a análise espacial de dados mapeados. Pela relevância do tema, selecionou-se como principal objetivo desse trabalho o mapeamento e desenvolvimento de análises espaciais que permitiram classificar a trilha do Rancho Caído, localizada na parte alta do Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (RJ), quanto ao seu grau de dificuldade. Os procedimentos de sobreposição de mapas (overlays), fundamentados na literatura denominada "álgebra de mapas", constituíram a base metodológica deste trabalho. Para o cumprimento do objetivo apresentado, a trilha do Rancho Caído, objeto de estudo do trabalho, foi mapeada com o uso de um receptor GPS para o levantamento de dados geográficos (registro de coordenadas; marcação de waypoints ou pontos de interesse; e registro de tracklog, o caminho percorrido). Somado a isso foi coletada uma imagem SRTM em fontes secundárias. Os dados vetoriais do percurso da trilha foram exportados do Google Earth e importados para um sistema SIG, o software ArcGis. A partir da imagem SRTM foram criadas classes temáticas de níveis de dificuldade da trilha. Para a classificação dos dados, primeiramente foram elaboradas camadas de informações, georreferenciadas no mesmo sistema de projeção cartográfica, considerando os temas: declividade, recursos hídricos, cobertura vegetal e qualidade do traçado. Posteriormente, as camadas de informação foram reclassificadas e somadas, por meio da operação de sobreposição, constituindo um mapa temático unificado. Dessa forma, o produto final do trabalho foi o mapa temático de níveis de dificuldade da trilha do Rancho Caído. A principal contribuição foi o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia, com embasamento na álgebra de mapas, levando em conta alguns fatores ambientais que podem auxiliar na determinação do grau de dificuldade de trilhas. Mapping and Classification the Degree of Difficulty of the Rancho Caído Trail, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (RJ, Brazil) ABSTRACT The analysis of mapped data has become an important supporting tool for the natural and urban resources management. In Conservation Units (UC), the maps provide support for visitors and for the park’s own management. The dissemination of SIG (Geographic Information System) techniques has become essential for the spatial analysis of mapped data. Considering the relevance of the topic, the mapping and development of spatial analysis were selected as the aim of this study which have enabled to classify the Rancho Caído trail, located at the upper zone of Itatiaia National Park (RJ), regarding to its degree of difficulty. The overlay procedures, founded in literature designated as 'map algebra', have constituted the methodological basis of this study. In order to accomplish the objective of this thesis, the Rancho Caído trail, object of this study, was mapped by using a GPS receiver for spatial data collection (recording coordinates; marking waypoints or points of interest; and recording tracklog). In addition, a SRTM image (raster) was collected from secondary sources. The vectorial data of the trail routing were exported from Google Earth and imported into a GIS system, the ArcGIS software. Thematic classes related to the trail degree of difficulty were created from the SRTM image. The first step in data classification was to prepare layers and georeference them in the same cartographic projection system, considering the following themes: slope, water resources, vegetation cover, and quality of the trace. Subsequently the layers were reclassified and summed, through the overlay operation procedure, providing a unified thematic map. As a result, the final product of this work was a thematic map of Rancho Caído trail difficulty levels. The main contribution of this work lies on the development of a methodology, based upon map algebra, taking into account some environmental factors which can help to determine the trail’s difficulty levels. KEYWORDS: Trail; Degree of Difficulty; Itatiaia National Park; Thematic Maps; GIS.

scholarly journals Research on Regional Differences and Influencing Factors of Energy Utilization Efficiency in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Yunpeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The Western Region

Energy, as one of the important input factors in modern economic growth, plays a decisive role in the economic growth of all countries in the world. Use Moran I index and fixed effect model to measure the degree of spatial correlation and spatial difference between regions and analyze the influencing factors of energy efficiency, The results show that the energy efficiency of various provinces is spatially related, and the spatial distribution tends to be spatially concentrated; the per capita GDP has a significantly greater impact on the energy efficiency of the eastern region than it has on the western region; foreign direct investment (FDL) has an impact on the energy use of the eastern region There is a negative impact on efficiency and a positive impact on the efficiency of energy utilization in the western region; the number of patent grants has a significantly greater effect on the improvement of energy efficiency in the western region than in the eastern region; the increase in the proportion of the secondary industry has a positive impact on the energy use efficiency in the eastern region There is a positive impact and a negative impact on the energy efficiency of the western region.

scholarly journals Ghana's New Forest National Park

Oryx ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia M. Jeffrey
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
National Park ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
New Forest ◽  
The Western Region

In May 1974 Ghana created its first high forest national park. This is a forest reserve in the Bia tributaries area of the Western Region, comprising 118 square miles of some of the highest forest in West Africa, including primary unlogged forest, with an annual rainfall of 57 inches spread over ten to eleven months. The area was chosen partly for the large numbers of elephants and monkeys. The possibility of a forest national park in this region has been under consideration for at least five years; success was achieved after lengthy negotiations under the keen direction of the Chief Game and Wildlife Officer, Dr E. O. A. Asibey.

scholarly journals Exploring environmental connection: ecological network opportunities in the Shahdagh National Park, Azerbaijan

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Emil Akif oghlu Jabrayilov
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Ecological Network ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Ecological Corridors ◽  
Erdas Imagine

The high growth rate of consumption of natural resources by people in the last century have seriously and negatively affected ecosystems and led to the loss of biodiversity. At present, it is important to take the necessary measures to ensure sustainable development and biodiversity conservation. Ecological networks play an important role in maintaining and controlling the stability and balance of communication between ecosystem complexes. For this purpose, the possibility of creating an ecological network that includes core areas, buffer zones, ecological corridors and restoration areas in the section of Shamakhi district of the Shahdagh National Park was explored. The designated buffer zone of the national park includes 14 villages and 1 settlement type administrative unit. Mountainous landscapes predominate in the area, and the absolute height ranges from 500-200 m. Riverbeds, intermountain depression, mountain passes, trails and forests which should be planted in the areas we offer, were considered as main factors during the construction of ecological corridors in the national park and the buffer zones. The materials obtained from the literature and our field studies, also, vector and raster data were used during the site identification. The data was processed in software such as ArcGIS 10, ERDAS Imagine, Global Mapper, Google Earth, etc. Existing ecosystems were identified, and areas were calculated in separate elements of the ecological network in the study area.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of two treatments to promote tree regeneration: implications for forest restoration in the Isla del Coco National Park, Costa Rica

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (S1) ◽  
pp. S103-S114
Author(s):  
Luis Acosta-Vargas ◽  
Adriana E. Rovere ◽  
Jorge Camacho-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
National Park ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Seed Dispersion

Introduction: Isla del Coco is the only island in the Eastern Tropical Pacific with humid tropical forests; 296 plant species are reported, of them, 22% are endemic. Their ecology is poorly understood. Deforestation and the introduction of rats, feral pigs and white-tailed deer are the primary agents of forest degradation. After more than 120 years, the deforested areas have never recovered the native forest. Objective: To analyse if the deforested area keeps its resilience, we evaluated the natural regeneration and ecological processes associated. Methods: From August 2016 to June 2018, we conducted a restoration experiment consisting of a randomized complete blocks design including vegetation cutting, vegetation uprooting and controls as treatments. Plots were protected with an exclusion fence to avoid herbivores. Results: There were no differences between plant cutting and uprooting in stimulating natural regeneration. We only recorded the seedlings of two tree species, 35 individuals of Cecropia pittieri and three of Sacoglottis holdridgei, both endemic. Their regeneration established during the first 15 months mainly. At the end of the experiment, the structure and composition of the vegetation changed from bushes dominated by Entada gigas (28%) and Clidemia strigillosa (12%) to grasses dominated by Paspalum conjugatum (39%). Entada gigas has a high recolonizing potential with a growing rate of 1.6±0.2m/month. Conclusions: As filters for restoration we determined herbivores, which pose a strong negative impact in the development of the forest; the exhausted seed bank of tree species and scarce or null seed dispersion.

scholarly journals Low abundance of the Endangered timneh parrot Psittacus timneh in one of its presumed strongholds

Oryx ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-76
Author(s):  
Simon Valle ◽  
Nigel J. Collar ◽  
Benjamin Barca ◽  
Patrick Dauda ◽  
Stuart J. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
National Park ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Pet Trade ◽  
Density Estimates ◽  
Unknown Number ◽  
Sierra Leonean ◽  
Grey Parrot ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Global Population

AbstractAlthough both the grey parrot Psittacus erithacus and the recently recognized timneh parrot Psittacus timneh are categorized as Endangered because of harvest for the pet trade and loss of habitat, the latter has a much smaller range and may be largely restricted to a few stronghold areas. In March–April 2018 we surveyed for a total of 114 hours in and around one of these presumed strongholds, the large and well-protected Gola Rainforest National Park, the Sierra Leonean portion of the Gola Transboundary Peace Park. Timneh parrots were encountered at a rate of 0.1 groups/h in the National Park and 0.3 in the buffer zone, indicating densities of 1–3 individuals per km2. These figures are similar to recent density estimates from the Liberian side of the Peace Park, suggesting that the transboundary population amounts to c. 2,400 individuals inside the Park and an unknown number in the surrounding areas. Densities of the timneh parrot may be generally low even in strongholds, its numbers may be declining steeply, and the global population size is probably lower than previously believed.

scholarly journals Response of herbaceous species to a degradation gradient in the western region of Etosha National Park, Namibia

Koedoe ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
W.P. Du plessis ◽  
G.J. Bredenkamp ◽  
W.S.W. Trollope
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
National Park ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Herbaceous Species ◽  
Species Frequency ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Subjective Grouping

The degradation status of 88 sample plots situated in two plant communities in the western region of Etosha National Park was determined. Herbaceous species frequency was correlated by means of an ordination technique with utilisation intensities. Species were categorised in ecological categories (Decreasers and Increasers) according to their abundance along a degradation gradient. This more objective approach is compared with an initial subjective grouping of species. The dangers of blindly following the ordinated results are discussed, and it is concluded that ordination results need to be verified by careful ecological interpretation.

scholarly journals Evaluating the recreation potential of the national park “Valdayskiy” (Novgorodskaya Oblast, Russia)

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-111
Author(s):  
E. A. Belonovskaya ◽  
V. V. Vinogradova ◽  
M. A. Ponomaryov ◽  
A. A. Tishkov ◽  
N. G. Tsarevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
National Park ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Bioclimatic Indices ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Riparian Landscapes

The National Park “Valdayskiy” (the Park) was established to preserve the unique lake-forest complex of the Valday upland and to create conditions for the development of organized recreation on this territory. Incomparable beautiful views of different landscapes attracthere thousands of tourists from various Russian regions.The greater number of them prefers lakeshores for camping,so special attention in the research was paid tothe studyofriparian and shallow water vegetation of lakesin zones with different recreation pressureto establish the patterns of vegetation digression.The materials of our observations are supplemented with data on the attendance of tourist sites collected by the Park staff.The region recreation capacities were studied on the base of bioclimatic indices (Bodman’s indices and subjective temperature).It was revealed that only for the period of 1 month (mid-July to mid-August), there is a massive influx of tourists and intensive use of recreation sites on the lakeshores.This leads to degradation of riparian forest and meadow vegetation; destruction of the protective (buffer) zone of aquatic vegetation, erosion of the banks near camps, pollution of shallow water by sewage and garbage. Thus, irregular recreation pressure on water bodies leads to local degradation of natural complexes and eventually to lowering the aesthetic value of riparian landscapes. But such factors as humid (moderate) continental climate with a prolonged cold winter and high relative air humidity throughout the year reduce the period of a strong recreation pressure, and the complicated accessibility of many lakeshores reduce the negative impact of recreation and delay the destruction of natural vegetation. Evaluation of the bioclimatic indices allows Valday to be attributed to regions with a lack of thermal resources, it is preferable to develop here dynamic types of recreation activities practically all over the year. For soft recreation activity the Valday upland are available with limitation from 7 to 8 months in a year and without limitation nearly 1 month in a year. For nature conservation in the Park it is necessary to organize monitoring of lakeshore’s complexes, control of recreation use, determine pressure of tourist traffic, normalizing and differentiating this pressure by the types of possible use and conservation regime.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document