PENGARUH EMPATI EMOSIONAL TERHADAP PERILAKU PROSOSIAL YANG DIMODERASI OLEH JENIS KELAMIN PADA MAHASISWA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Irdianti Irdianti ◽  
Sariana Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Emotional Empathy ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
New Students

Abstrak: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh empati emosional terhadap perilaku prososial yang dimoderasi oleh jenis kelamin pada mahasiswa baru psikologi UNM. Empati emosional didefinisikan sebagai dorongan secara otomatis dan tampa disadari untuk merespon keadaan emosi orang lain. Dan perilaku prososial diartikan sebagai tindakan dengan cara pemberian dua perlakuan berupa video yang membuat emosional individu meningkat ataupun netral dengan instrument untuk mengukur empati emosional dengan menggunakan Positive dan Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) yang dikembangkan oleh Watson, Clark &Tellegen (1988). Pengukuran prilaku prososial dilakukan dengan melihat jumlah donasi yang diberikan oleh responden. Responden penelitian berjumlah 32 mahasiswa yang terdiri dari laki-laki dan perempuan dengan kriteria mahsiswa baru psikologi UNM.Penelitian eksperimen ini menggunakan desain faktorial  2 (empati: netral vs empati) X 2 (jenis kelamin: laki-laki vs perempuan) between subject design. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang cukup signifikan antara empati emosional terhadap perilaku prososial, tapi pengaruh jenis kelamin sebagai moderator terhadap perilaku prososial tidak memiliki efek yang signifikan. Kata kunci: empati emosional, jenis kelamin, perilaku prososialAbstract: The research aims to determine the effect of emotional on prosocial behavior moderated by gender in new students of psychology UNM. Emotional empathy is defined as an impulse automatically and without being realized to respond to other people's emotional states. And prosocial behavior is defined as an act by giving two treatments in the form of a video which can increase someone’s empathy or neutral with an instrument to measure emotional empathy using the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) developed by Watson, Clark & Tellegen (1988). The measurement of prosocial behavior is done by looking at the number of donations given by respondents. The research respondents numbered 32 students consisting of men and women with the criteria of new students in UNM psychology. This experimental research used factorial design 2 (empathy: neutral vs empathy) X 2 (sex: male vs. female) between-subject designs. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence between emotional empathy on prosocial behavior, but the effect of gender as a moderator on prosocial behavior does not have a significant effect.Keywords: Empathy, emotional empathy, gender, prosocial behavior

I Feel You, We Can Do This

GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Hannah M. Schade ◽  
Johanna Drewelies ◽  
Gizem Hülür ◽  
Christiane A. Hoppmann ◽  
Nilam Ram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Relationship Functioning ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Older Couples ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Length Of Relationship

Abstract. We investigated whether similarity between partners in positive and negative affect is associated with the perception that one manages everyday life well together as a couple (dyadic mastery). To this end, we used data from 99 older couples (mean age = 75 years; mean length of relationship = 45 years) obtained 5 times a day over 7 consecutive days as participants went about their everyday lives. Analyses using actor-partner interdependence models revealed that higher (average and momentary) similarity in negative affect between partners, but not positive affect between partners, was associated with higher levels of dyadic mastery among both men and women. Our results point to the significance of emotional similarity between partners for smooth relationship functioning.

Positive and negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine in Portugal

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eulalia Santos ◽  
Vanessa Ratten ◽  
Ana Diogo ◽  
Fernando Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Two Factors

Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has spread rapidly around the world and Portugal is no exception. Positive and negative effects are extremely important in individual's life experiences and in particular in the context of the quarantine, in which it is important to maintain the balance between favorable and unfavorable situations. The purpose of this paper is to study in depth the intensity of the affect during the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal and to validate a scale of positive and negative affect in the context of quarantine and confinement. Design/methodology/approach The methodology used is of a quantitative nature, based on a questionnaire survey to measure the intensity of the affects and to analyze some sociodemographic variables. The sample consists of 726 individuals of age 18 years or older, who were in Portugal during the quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings The results show that respondents were concerned, anxious, well-disposed and impatient. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis applied to affects produced a latent structure with two factors: negative affect and positive affect. The affect scale has adequate convergent and discriminant validity and good internal consistency, with negative affect being experienced by individuals with greater intensity compared to positive affect. Originality/value It is hoped that this study contributes to an increase in the scientific knowledge in the field of the affects in the context of delicate situations such as the pandemic COVID-19 so that health professionals can intervene to improve individual’s well-being. This is an important way to provide better health policy that considers in more depth individual wellbeing and emotions during times of crisis. Limitations and suggestions for future research are also stated that highlight the importance of understanding emotional states of individuals during crisis events.

scholarly journals Empathic emotion regulation in prosocial behavior and altruism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin M. Brethel-Haurwitz ◽  
Maria Stoianova ◽  
Abigail Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Prosocial Motivation ◽  
Donation Behavior ◽  
Independent Effects

The emotions evoked in response to others’ distress are important for motivating concerned prosocial responses. But how various forms of emotional regulation shape prosocial responding is not yet well understood. When does regulation of empathy lead to prosocial motivation versus personal distress or apathy? We tested the role of empathic emotion regulation in promoting prosocial motivation and costly donations across two studies, first in a community sample and then in a sample of altruistic kidney donors and a matched comparison sample. Participants engaged in hopeful and distancing reappraisals while viewing images of others in distress, then decided whether to help by donating a portion of a monetary endowment to charity. Whereas hope was expected to evoke approach-based motivation indexed by increased donations, distance was expected to evoke avoidance-based motivation indexed by decreased donations. It was hypothesized that varying effects of the two reappraisals on positive and negative affect would influence donation decisions. Across both studies, both reappraisals decreased negative affect. Hopeful reappraisal also increased positive affect. Instructed reappraisal also altered donation behavior in the community sample: here, hopeful reappraisal resulted in higher donations than distancing reappraisal. Altruists were more prosocial overall, but the associations between affect and donation behavior in this group mirrored that of the hopeful reappraisal in the larger community sample, suggesting that altruists might adopt a more hopeful and compassionate appraisal by default. These findings further clarify the role of empathic emotion regulation in prosocial behavior and also independent effects of positive and negative affect.

scholarly journals Positive and Negative Affect: Impact on Empathy and Prosocial Behaviour among College Going Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Prosocial Behaviour ◽  
College Going ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The positive affect means the different level of moods of an individual on subjective basis such as joy, interest and being alert. It refers to the condition where the individual have positive emotions and feelings involving physiological arousal, thinking process and behaviour. Positive affect also involving the interaction of an individual with the environment and its surroundings. The people shows the characteristics of being full of energy, active, are generally high on positive affect and characteristics like sad, lethargic, stress are examples of the negative affect. Empathy refers to the different kind of experiences. The researchers have defined empathy as ability of a person to feel other’s emotions including the feeling and thinking. Therefore it includes an experience that involves understanding others conditions or emotions from their perspective. Empathy increases the prosocial behaviour. The prosocial behaviour means actions which are positive in nature but does benefit others and it includes the moral values, sense of responsibility and does not have any personal gains from such behaviour. It is a kind of voluntary actions that benefits not only the individual itself but also the society as a whole. The aim of the current investigation was to study the impact of positive and negative affect on empathy and prosocial behaviour. For this study, Positive and negative affect scale (PANAS; Watson et al., 1988), Empathy scale (Levine et al., 2009), and Prosocial Tendencies Measure scale (Randall et al., 2003) were administered to the sample of 100 students in the age range of 18-21 years. The sample was taken from different colleges of Chandigarh. An inter-correlation matrix was calculated to see the relationship. The results have shown significant and positive relationship between positive affect, empathy and prosocial behavior. The correlation between positive and empathy is (r = 0.33) and positive affect and prosocial behavior is (r = 0.30). The significant and negative relationship is found between negative affect, empathy and prosocial behavior. The correlation between negative affect and empathy is(r = -0.29) and negative affect and prosocial behavior is (r = -0.27). The result is found to be significant at 0.01 levels.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity in Affective Complexity Among Men and Women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine T. Foster ◽  
Adriene M. Beltz
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Community Detection ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Bivariate Model ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Affective Science ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
Daily Affect

Background: Affective phenomena have noteworthy complexity and heterogeneity – shared experiences and emotions evoke distinct responses and affective problem risk across individuals (e.g., higher rates in women than men). Yet, by averaging across individuals, affective science research traditionally treats affect as homogenous. Directly modeling person-specific heterogeneity in affective complexity (AC) – like the granularity and covariation of affective experiences – is paramount for identifying shared (i.e., common; nomothetic) and/or unshared (i.e., personal; idiographic) features of AC. The present study applied a person-specific technique to capture heterogeneity in daily affect and affective problem risk in men and women and leveraged personalized results to improve general understanding of AC. Methods: Young adults (n=56; 25 female) reported affect on each of 75-days of an intensive longitudinal study. AC was modeled using p-technique (i.e., person-specific factor analysis) and its utility over traditional, between-person models of affect (i.e., bivariate positive and negative affect) was compared for prediction of affective problem risk in women compared to men. A community detection network algorithm was then applied to estimate person-specific AC to develop an idiographically-informed nomothetic model of AC. Results: Person-specific analyses detected wide variation in AC across individuals (i.e., range of 2-8 factors). Relative to the traditional bivariate model, idiographic models had incremental utility for differentiating affective problem risk by gender. Nomothetic review of idiographic results (via community detection) revealed distinct dynamics in positive and negative affect networks. Conclusions: Person-specificvariability in AC may contribute to heterogeneity in daily affect and affective problems. Advances in person-specific science hold particular promise for accounting for variable outcomes across individuals and increasing nomothetic model accuracy.

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