scholarly journals Geometria imaginacji. O kształtowaniu przestrzeni u Schulza

Schulz/Forum ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza Kącka
Keyword(s):  
Basic Problem ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Interesting Aspect ◽  
Border Area ◽  
Artistic Value ◽  
Sound Effects ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Conditional Mode

The starting point of the essay is a hypothesis that the concepts of time in Schulz’s fiction can be approached more effectively and systematically than those of space. It is space that shows his inventiveness the best, comparable to his drawings. There are many studies of space in Schulz’s fiction, yet few of them address the basic problem: how is space actually created, what are the rules of its production? While a number of critics have pointed at the figure of the labyrinth and geopoetics has inevitably become a relevant method, less attention has been paid to the representations of phenomena from the border area of dream and wakefulness. Ernst Mach’s Analysis of Impressions, commonly read by Schulz’s peers, suggests many valuable clues. The proper frame of reference for such phenomena, close to spontaneous hallucinations, is language. It is its dynamic, with which Schulz collaborates in a disciplined way without reducing its artistic value, which generates analogies between linguistic operations and spatial forms. The shaping of space conditioned by language – verbal mimesis which renounces any other mimetic ambitions – is a very interesting aspect of Schulz’s writing. The essay includes analyses of the selected passages from Schulz’s stories – those dominated by a unique conditional mode signalized on various levels by verbal, adjectival, and adverbial phrases. Schulz’s tour de force in that respect is “The Gale.” The atmosphere of the story is uncanny and surreal, and, what is perhaps the most important, the sound effects are rich as in no other work of fiction by the Drogobych writer. “Spring” shows other strategies of creating spaces derived from words. It is important that the stories in both Schulz’s collections make the reader turn to the concepts related to the category of non-place.

Psychology vs. Tradition in the Teaching of Algebra

1934 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Nathan Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Theoretical Relation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Practical Standpoint ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Algebra Class

From the very first day a pupil enters an algebra class it is impressed upon him that there is nothing difficult or mysterious about the subject—that all the operations are patterned after those of arithmetic, and that it is in fact nothing more than a type of arithmetic that employs letters as well as numbers. It is not the purpose of this article to discuss the theoretical relation between these two branches of mathematics or such questions as whether arithmetic derives its underlying principles from algebra or vice versa. There is no doubt however that, from a practical standpoint, the use of arithmetic as a starting point and as a frame of reference will help in the solution of many difficulties that the student of algebra will encounter.

scholarly journals Exploring Disruptive Thinking Possibilities in Construction and Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sittimont Kanjanabootra
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Innovation Adoption ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Personal Stories ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Engineering Projects

Innovation adoption in construction and engineering projects is often claimed to be problematic and slow. Traditional analysis of innovation adoption is grounded in evidence-based practice and financial risk analysis. This has the effect of making innovation development in construction rarely able to disrupt industry. Innovation tends to occur in a drip feed like manner resulting in incremental and slower adoption. This is perceived as a problem for the construction industry. This paper uses the concept of Disruptive Thinking to examine a potential frame of reference for construction practitioners in their work and how they approach innovation adoption. The research uses interviews producing personal stories with professionals working on construction and engineering projects. The research shows that there is some evidence of use of disruptive mindsets by construction and engineering professionals, resulting in disruptive practice in certain sectors, not in the construction industry as a whole. The paper concludes that Disruptive Thinking is a starting point, and vehicle that can lead practitioners to more readily adopt innovation. Disruptive thinking can be a means to adoption when the mindset of evidence-based practice can be infiltrated.

scholarly journals Surrounded by Ear Candy?

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (s1) ◽  
pp. 251-262
Author(s):  
Svein Høier
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Sound Design ◽  
Surround Sound ◽  
Sound Effects ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Us ◽  
Contemporary Cinema

AbstractThis article looks at surround sound in contemporary cinema, with the aim of discussing practices of sound design and, more particularly, pinpointing a ‘best practice’ of surround sound today – focusing here on the practices in the US. The empirical starting point for the analysis is a study of ten Oscar-nominated movies, analysing their soundtracks and especially comparing their stereo and surround versions. The method can be described as a ‘directional’ listening mode, analysing how the different channels and speakers are used when presenting sonic elements like voices, music, atmospheres and sound effects.

Lost and Regained in Translation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverley Sherry
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Paradise Lost ◽  
Shock Effect ◽  
Sound Effects ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Lost In Translation

This chapter argues that the translation of poetry can work as an instrument to identify the genius of the original poem, in particular to single out aural effects that are part of meaning and are lost in translation. First, the longstanding controversy over whether it is possible to translate poetry is addressed: while Frost’s dictum that ‘poetry is what is lost in translation’ provides a starting point, the theories of Dryden and Steiner are fundamental to the enquiry. Three translations of Paradise Lost are examined: two interlingual versions, the German of Haak (1681) and the French of Himy (2001), and the intralingual translation by Danielson (2008). The foreign-language versions throw light on Milton’s original by way of shock effect, while Danielson’s English paraphrase offers an opportunity to distinguish minute sound effects that are part of the poem’s meaning and central to Milton’s genius.

The First Basic Problem: A Review of Molt and Plumage Homologies

The Condor ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve N. G. Howell ◽  
Chris Corben ◽  
Peter Pyle ◽  
Danny I. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
P System ◽  
Basic Strategy ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
El Sistema

AbstractAll birds have fundamentally similar patterns of plumage succession. Thus Humphrey and Parkes (1959) proposed a system of nomenclature (the H-P system), based on homologies, that has become standard for molt studies in North America. However, presumably analogous similarities in pattern between first basic and definitive basic plumages have obscured homologies. Many plumages conventionally known as “first basic” are better considered as novel first-cycle plumages that lack homologous counterparts in subsequent cycles. Consequently, current nomenclature does not consistently reflect between-species homologies. Howell and Corben (2000b) proposed that traditional juvenal plumage can be considered an unambiguous starting point for a terminology that better reflects presumed homologies in basic plumages; alternate and other nonbasic plumages may not necessarily be homologous between species. Four underlying strategies of increasing complexity incorporate all known patterns of plumage succession: the Simple Basic Strategy, the Complex Basic Strategy, the Simple Alternate Strategy, and the Complex Alternate Strategy. We review inconsistency in the H-P system; explain the four underlying strategies; and discuss how one can identify homologies (if any) between plumages in first and subsequent cycles and among taxa. Many species have novel plumages added into their first plumage cycle; we argue that existing terminology for these plumages is unsuitable and we term them formative plumages attained by preformative molts. Finally, we provide examples of how this modified H-P system can be applied to diverse taxa of birds while reflecting the homology underlying all basic plumage cycles. Our revision validates the flexibility and utility of the H-P system.El Problema del Primer Plumaje Básico: Una Revisión de las Homologías de la Muda y del PlumajeResumen. Todas las aves tienen patrones de sucesión del plumaje fundamentalmente similares. De este modo, Humphrey y Parkes (1959) propusieron un sistema de nomenclatura (el sistema H-P), basado en homologías, el cual ha sido de uso común en estudios de muda de plumaje en Norte América. Sin embargo, supuestas similitudes análogas entre el primer plumaje básico y el plumaje definitivo básico han confundido las homologías. Muchos plumajes convencionalmente conocidos como “primer básico” son considerados mejor como plumajes originales del primer ciclo que carecen de contrapartes homólogas en los ciclos siguientes. Consecuentemente, la nomenclatura actual no refleja las homologías entre especies. Howell y Corben (2000b) propusieron que el tradicional plumaje juvenil puede ser considerado como un punto de partida inequívoco para una terminología que refleje mejor las homologías presuntas en los plumajes básicos; los plumajes alternos y otros plumajes no básicos pudieran no ser homólogos entre especies. Cuatro estrategias de creciente complejidad incorporan todos los patrones conocidos de sucesión de plumajes: La Estrategia Básica Simple, La Estrategia Básica Compleja, La Estrategia Alterna Simple, y La Estrategia Alterna Compleja. Examinamos ciertas inconsistencias en el sistema H-P; explicamos las cuatro estrategias subyacentes, y discutimos cómo se pueden identificar homologías (cuando existen) entre los plumajes del primer ciclo y de los ciclos siguientes, y entre taxa diferentes. Muchas especies tienen plumajes originales adicionales en su primer ciclo de plumaje; sostenemos que la terminología actual para estos plumajes es inadecuada y los denominamos como plumajes formativos, logrados por mudas preformativas. Finalmente, damos ejemplos de como este sistema H-P modificado puede ser aplicado a diversos tipos de aves y al mismo tiempo reflejar la homología subyacente a todos los ciclos de plumajes básicos. Nuestra revisión valida la flexibilidad y utilidad del sistema H-P.

Towards Data Oriented Analysis of the Art Market: Survey and Outlook

e-Finanse ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Dominik Filipiak ◽  
Agata Filipowska
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Art Market ◽  
Market Survey ◽  
Artistic Value ◽  
Econometric Methods ◽  
Auction Houses ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Complex Statistical Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractDue to the constantly growing interest in alternative investments, the art market has become the subject of numerous studies. By publishing sales data, many services and auction houses provide a foundation for further research on the latest trends. Determining the definition of the artistic value or formalisation of appraisal may be considered quite complex. Statistical analysis, econometric methods or data mining techniques could pave the way towards better understanding of the mechanisms occurring on the art market. The goal of this paper is to identify, describe and compare solutions (and related challenges) that help to analyse, make decisions and define state of the art in the context of the intersection of econometrics on art markets and computer science. This work is also a starting point for further research.

scholarly journals Eteläpohjalaisuuden tuottaminen sosioemotionaalisessa sähköpostiviestinnässä

Elore ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Salo ◽  
Kaj Zimmerbauer ◽  
Timo Suutari
Keyword(s):  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
New Form ◽  
Theoretical Frame ◽  
The One ◽  
E Mail

A starting point for the study was on the one hand interest in regional identity and on the other hand certain astonishment towards the number of e-mails related to South Ostrobothnia received by the researchers. Thus the focus of this study is to examine how regional identity might be constructed by e-mails related to the region in question. E-mails (28) connected with South Ostrobothnia were outlined as objects for the study both because the authors have South Ostrobothnian background and because the South Ostrobothnians are said to have very strong regional identity. Theoretical frame of reference in the article is in the studies of socio-emotional e-mail communication and e-mail debate. In addition, also regional identity theory is used. The study is motivated by interest in the nature of modern tradition in digital setting. Therefore, one aim is to study what elements of South Ostrobothnia are present in the e-mail messages and how these elements adjust to the typical socio-emotional e-mail communication contents and different media elements. E-mail messages are hypothesised to be part of both e-mail humour and A4 (copy) humour and to produce impressions of South Ostrobothnia in a new form. A more comprehensive intention is to bring out new kind of machinery of regional identity and especially the meaning of socio-emotional e-mail communication to regional identity. In this case, it is supposed that regional identity is born and maintained through institutionalized mechanism, but also through Internet, electronic media, and computer mediated communication.

scholarly journals Przedstawienia Świętej Rodziny wzorowane na kompozycjach Carla Maratty

Artifex Novus ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Ponińska
Keyword(s):  
Original Work ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Similar Composition ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
Artistic Value ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject

Punkt wyjścia artykułu stanowią dwa zbliżone kompozycyjnie obrazy, znajdujące się w kościołach w Pęcicach i Kurdwanowie na Mazowszu. Wzory ikonograficzne obu przedstawień zostały odnalezione w twórczości Carlo Maratty. Temat był tak popularny, ze podejmowany był i realizowany w różnych wersjach: rysunkowej (Louvre), graficznej (przez m.in. Pietera Schencka, Gérarda Edelincka, Francesco Bartolozziego i Johanna Jakoba Frey’a I), a przykłady kompozycji malarskich można odnaleźć w Genui (dzieło samego Carla Maratty), Rzymie (obraz Agostina Mascucci – ucznia Maratty) i w Kanadzie (Victoria). Podobny temat, ale różniący się kompozycyjnie, był podejmowany przez różnych artystów, a oryginał znajduje się w rzymskich Muzeach Kapitolińskich. Kolejne przedstawienie autorstwa Maratty również było powtarzane w grafice (Francesco Bartolozzi). Przykłady malarskich kopii możemy też odnaleźć w Polsce: we Włocławku i Grochowalsku oraz w klasztorze przy kościele św. Kazimierza w Warszawie. Dwie kolejne wersje (różniące się profilem św. Józefa) zachowały się na terenie województwa lubelskiego. Pierwsza,  namalowana przez Kazimierza Wojniakowskiego, znajduje się w ołtarzu głównym kościoła w Włostowicach na przedmieściach Puław. Ze względu na lokalizację, dzieło to powinno być łączone z dworem księcia Czartoryskiego, jednym z najświetniejszych centrów artystycznych w Polsce u schyłku XVIII w. Druga kopia, o niższej wartości artystycznej, znajduje się w parafii w Kurowie.   Depictions of the Holy Family Modelled on Carlo Maratta’s Compositions The starting point for this article were two paintings of a very similar composition. They are to be found in two Mazovian churches, one in Pęcice and the other in Kurdwanów. The iconographic origins of both depictions are to be found in Carlo Maratta’s works. The rendering of the subject turned out to be so popular that it bore fruit in numerous versions. It appears as a drawn version (Louvre), and as a graphical version (for example:Pieter Schenck, Gérard Edelinck, Francesco Bartolozzi, and Johann Jakob Frey I). Examples of paintings that repeat these or similar renderings of this subject can be seen in Genoa (a painting by Carlo Maratta himself), Rome (a painting by Agostino Masucci – Maratta’s pupil), and in Canada (Victoria). A similar subject, but of a different compositional arrangement, was undertaken by the same artist, and his original work is housed in the Capitoline Museums, Rome. This second rendering by Carlo Maratta has also been repeated in graphical versions (Francesco Bartolozzi). Examples of his painted copies can also be seen in Poland (Włocławek and Grochowalsk), and at a convent attached to St. Casimir Church in Warsaw. Two other versions, with a different profile of St. Joseph, are to be found in the Lublin Voivodeship. One is at the main altar of a church in Włostowice, a suburb of Puławy, which was painted by Kazimierz Wojniakowski. On account of its location it should be associated with the Prince Czartoryski court, one of the most outstanding artistic centers in Poland of the end of the 18th century. The other copy, of less artistic value, is to be found in the parish church of Kurów.

Induction And Probability

Philosophy ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 26 (96) ◽  
pp. 37-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. F. Harrod
Keyword(s):  
Basic Problem ◽  
Problem Of Induction ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Set Up

It is the purpose of the following pages to reconsider the basic problem of induction. According to Hume the concomitance of A with B on one or more occasions gives no valid presumption that A will be accompanied by B on any other occasion. The data of experience may give rise to an association of ideas or set up mental habits, but they provide no reasonable grounds for expecting similar concomitances or sequences in future. If this is correct, we have no starting point for the formation of any valid opinions about matters of fact; we remain ice-bound in a region of total scepticism.

scholarly journals Fridays for Future als Lern- und Erfahrungsraum: Befunde zu den Beteiligungsformaten, den Motiven und der Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung von Engagierten

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Jana Costa ◽  
Elena Wittmann
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
Educational Processes ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Theoretical Frame ◽  
The One ◽  
Insight Into

In this article, engagement in the Fridays for Future (FFF) movement is examined from an educational point of view. Framing active engagement in the FFF movement theoretically as a learning opportunity, selected findings from an online survey (n=194) are presented. In a theoretical perspective, specific characteristics of the FFF movement are outlined with regard to learning and educational processes. Starting point of the empirical analyses are different possibilities of participation. On the one hand, an insight into the various participation formats is given. On the other hand, it is asked what motivates those involved to work for sustainable development and whether differences in motives and self-efficacy can be found depending on the form of participation. The results will be linked back to the theoretical frame of reference and discussed further.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document