scholarly journals Digestion and blood biochemical values of hens fed on the diets supplemented with exogenous protease

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Vertiprakhov ◽  
K. V. Borisenko
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Pancreatic Juice ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Function ◽  
Enzyme Secretion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Biochemical

The paper presents the results of feeding crossbred laying hens of Hisex White breed, one year of age, suffering from chronic fistulae of the main pancreatic duct, on the wheat-soya diet supplemented with exogenous protease. The scope of the study covered the effect of enzymatic preparation Axtra Pro® on exocrine pancreatic function of hens, diet nutrients digestibility, digestive enzyme activity and blood biochemical values. Enzymatic activity of1 gof preparation Axtra Pro® amounted to 897 ± 47.5 mg of casein split during 1 minute (mg/(ml per min), which is 77.6% higher compared to preparation Pancreatine. Supplementing feed with the preparation Axtra Pro® (100g/t of feed) did not affect the amount of pancreatic juice, there were no changes in secretory enzymatic activity. The analysis of postprandial enzyme secretion dynamics made it possible to conclude that when laying hens were fed on the wheat-soya diet supplemented with exogenous protease, there was a decrease in proteolytic activity of the pancreatic juice during the first 60 min after the feed intake. After 150 min, i.e. during the neurohumoral phase of the regulation of pancreatic enzyme secretion, there was a rise in proteolytic activity. At the same time protease activity did not undergo insignificant changes during the experiment; digestibility of protein increased by 1.2% compared to the control group. Supplementing diet with the preparation Axtra Pro® (100 g/t of feed) led to the decrease in the activity of alkaline phosphatase in hens’ blood plasma by 47.8%, and glucose concentration by 9.2% compared to the control group, which proves a positive effect of the preparation on the function of digestive glands.

scholarly journals Replacing Maize Grain with Ancient Wheat Lines By-Products in Organic Laying Hens’ Diet Affects Intestinal Morphology and Enzymatic Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6554
Author(s):  
Nicola Francesco Addeo ◽  
Basilio Randazzo ◽  
Ike Olivotto ◽  
Maria Messina ◽  
Francesca Tulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
By Products

The effects of replacement of maize grain with ancient wheat by-products on intestinal morphometry and enzymatic activity in laying hens was studied. Eighty hens were divided into two groups (40 each, 8 replicates, 5 hens/replicate) fed two isoproteic and isoenergetic diets. In the treated group, part of the maize was replaced by a mix of ancient grains (AGs) middling, in a 50:50 ratio of Triticum aestivum L. var. spelta (spelt) and Triticum durum dicoccum L. (emmer wheat). The AG diet affected the weight of all the large intestine tracts, decreasing the weight of caeca (p < 0.01) and increasing those of colon (p < 0.01), rectum and cloaca (p < 0.05). Villus height in the AG group was higher (p < 0.01) than the control for the duodenum and jejunum, while for the ileum, the control group showed the highest values (p < 0.01). The submucosa thickness was higher (p < 0.01) in the control group for the duodenum and ileum, while the jejunum for the AG group showed the highest (p < 0.05) submucosa thickness. The crypts depth was higher (p < 0.01) in the control group for the duodenum and ileum. Enzyme activity was enhanced by AGs (p < 0.01) in the duodenum. Regarding the jejunum, sucrase-isomaltase and alkaline phosphatase had higher activity (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) in the AG group. In the ileum, sucrase-isomaltase showed higher activity (p < 0.01) in the control group, while alkaline phosphatase showed the highest values (p < 0.05) in the AG group. Overall, results suggested that the dietary inclusion of AGs exerted positive effects in hens, showing an improved intestinal function.

scholarly journals Action of secretin on pancreatic enzyme secretion in man. Studies on pure pancreatic juice.

Gut ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 867-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Gullo ◽  
P Priori ◽  
P L Costa ◽  
G Mattioli ◽  
G Labo
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Juice ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Secretion ◽  
Pure Pancreatic Juice ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme Secretion

Stimulation of Pancreatic Enzyme Secretion by a Peptide Purified from Rat Bile-Pancreatic Juice

1986 ◽  
Vol 116 (8) ◽  
pp. 1540-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-Ichi Fukuoka ◽  
Masahiro Tsujikawa ◽  
Tohru Fushiki ◽  
Kazuo Iwai
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Juice ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Secretion ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme Secretion ◽  
Rat Bile ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals EXOCRINE PANCREATIC FUNCTION IN CHICKENS AS A RESULT OF ADDING FEED ACIDIFIERS IN THEIR DIET

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Vertiprakhov ◽  
A. A. Grozina
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Pancreatic Juice ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Function ◽  
Pancreatic Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Enzyme Dynamics ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens

Feed acidifiers are used in animal diets for the prevention of proliferation of intestinal pathogenic microorganisms and resulting gastrointestinal digestive disorders. These additives, containing organic acids, have also been found to improve productivity and feed efficiency in poultry. There is information about correlation between digestive enzymes’ activity and intestinal microbiota of meattype chickens. However, the exact mechanism of the beneficial impact of organic acids on the digestion system still remains understudied. The paper presents the results of experiments conducted on Hisex White chicken with chronic fistulae of the main pancreatic duct, fed on a diet supplemented with an acidifier containing 2-furoic acid. No significant effect of this acidifier was found on the digestive pancreatic function. The dynamics analysis showed that the chickens’ secretion rate of pancreatic juice after postprandial 30 minutes dropped by over two times in the testing period when using acidifiers in their diet. After 150 minutes this rate was lower by 27.3% compared to the control group, which corresponds the neurochemical phase of secretory regulation. Analysis of enzyme dynamics (amylase, lipase and protease) showed a slight increase in the activity of proteases in pancreatic juice (by 1.2- 12.4%), compared to the control group, in the phase of complex-reflex regulation of pancreatic secretory activity related to the recognition of the taste qualities of the feed. Feed conversion ratio in the test group of broiler chickens increased by 1.52% when using acidifiers in the diet. The result of the study showed that the use of acidifiers has a beneficial effect on chickens’ gastrointestinal digestion as well as an inhibitive action on intestinal pathogens.

scholarly journals Performance, Biochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Hens Supplemented with Addition of Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) Seed Cakes in Diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 993-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondřej Šťastník ◽  
Eva Mrkvicová ◽  
Leoš Pavlata ◽  
Andrea Roztočilová ◽  
Barbora Umlášková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
Blood Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of milk thistle seed cakes addition in laying hens diet to performance, blood biochemical parameters and antioxidant activity. A total of 30 Bovans Brown hens were included to the experiment. The trial was performed from the age of 69 weeks to 80 weeks of hens age. The experimental group received feed mixture containing 7% milk thistle seed cakes. Control group received feed mixture without milk thistle seed cakes. After the 69th week of age, the laying hens in the experimental group reached a higher number of eggs and produced more egg mass compared to the control group. In the evaluation of the egg quality parameters, higher Haugh units, a higher millimeter height of the egg and thinner eggshell in the group receiving 7% of the seed cakes were found. When evaluating health indicators, higher antioxidant activity was found in the experimental group. Blood biochemical parameters was without any differences.

A cholecystokinin releasing peptide mediates feedback regulation of pancreatic secretion

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (2) ◽  
pp. G430-G435 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lu ◽  
D. Louie ◽  
C. Owyang
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Juice ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Enzyme Secretion ◽  
Amylase Output ◽  
Stimulatory Activity ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme Secretion ◽  
Rapid Perfusion ◽  
Intestinal Fistulas ◽  
Cck Release

Diversion of bile pancreatic juice from the duodenum in rats stimulates cholecystokinin (CCK) release and pancreatic enzyme secretion. Intraduodenal perfusion of trypsin inhibits the release of CCK and pancreatic enzyme secretion. We hypothesized that the increased pancreatic enzyme secretion after pancreatic juice diversion is mediated by a trypsin-sensitive peptide secreted by the small intestine that stimulates release of CCK. To test this hypothesis, rats were surgically prepared with bile-pancreatic cannula and intestinal fistulas. Diversion of bile-pancreatic juice stimulated amylase output fivefold above basal and increased plasma CCK from a basal of 0.5 +/- 0.05 pM to 14 +/- 5 pM. Rapid perfusion (3 ml/min) of the duodenum with phosphate-buffered saline reversed the increase in amylase output and lowered the plasma CCK to 1.2 +/- 0.2. Administration of intestinal perfusate (3 ml/min) collected from a donor rat into the duodenum of a recipient rat with diversion of bile pancreatic juice increased amylase output threefold above basal and increased plasma CCK. The stimulatory activity of the intestinal perfusate was inactivated by treatment with trypsin but not by amylase or lipase. In addition, boiling did not alter the stimulatory activity of the intestinal perfusate. Perfusion of intestinal perfusate from donor rats pretreated with atropine did not stimulate amylase output and CCK release in recipient rats. By use of molecular membrane exclusion filters, stimulatory activity was retained (between 1,000 and 5,000). These results indicate that feedback regulation of pancreatic enzyme secretion is mediated by a CCK releasing peptide whose secretion from the duodenum is cholinergically mediated. This peptide is trypsin sensitive and has a molecular weight between 1,000 and 5,000.

scholarly journals Comparative changes between pancreas and pancreatic juice digestive enzyme contents during nutritional rehabilitation following severe protein malnutrition in the rat

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadija Mohamed-Benkada ◽  
Jacques Belleville ◽  
Josiane Prost
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Pancreatic Juice ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Depletion ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Low Protein

The relationship between digestive enzyme activities in the pancreas and pancreatic juice was studied in post-weaning rats fed on a low-protein diet (30 g cereal protein/kg) for 1 month and a refeeding balanced diet (235 g mixed protein/kg) for the following 3 months. A control group was fed on the balanced diet for 4 months. At the end of malnutrition and at various times of refeeding, activities of amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), trypsin(EC 3.4.21.4), chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1), lipase (EC 3.1.1.3), phospholipase A2 (EC 3.1.1.4) and cholesterolesterase (EC 3.1.1.13) in pancreas and pancreatic juice were measured. Recovery of body and pancreas weights was obtained after 3 months of refeeding. Pancreas offered a higher resistance to the low-protein diet; a quicker recovery than that of the whole organism was observed during refeeding. Protein and RNA contents of pancreatic cells were depressed by protein depletion. At the end of refeeding, pancreatic and cell RNA contents were still depressed. In pancreas and pancreatic juice, protein depletion produced a decrease in enzyme activities, with the exception of phospholipase A2 and cholesterolesterase. During refeeding, activities were increased to various levels in pancreatic juice and pancreas. In pancreatic juice, a deficit in enzyme activities still prevailed at the end of refeeding. The retention thresholds (total activity in pancreas v. activity per h in pancreatic juice) of hydrolases were increased by malnutrition. They were all decreased by refeeding at various rates, but after 3 months of refeeding the thresholds were still markedly increased for all enzymes studied. After malnutrition and during refeeding, the dissociated enzyme activities in pancreas and pancreatic juice could be the expression of an alteration at different stages: synthesis, intracellular transport, storage mechanisms and secretion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document