scholarly journals Residual overstory density affects survival and growth of sheltered oak seedlings on the Allegheny Plateau

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Schuler ◽  
Patrick Brose ◽  
Robert L. White ◽  
Robert L. White
Keyword(s):  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Allegheny Plateau ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Reforestation of Orchard Stands and Savannahs on Pennsylvania's Allegheny Plateau

1985 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen B. Horsley
Keyword(s):  
Site Preparation ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Black Cherry ◽  
Mechanical Site Preparation ◽  
White Ash ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Terminal Shoot ◽  
Allegheny Plateau ◽  
Forest Openings

Abstract Orchard stands and savannahs are forest openings that failed to regenerate after turn-of-the-century logging and have been dominated by dense herbaceous plant growth for 50 or more years. The effectiveness of herbicide application, mechanical site preparation, and fertilization on survival and growth of five species of seedlings was tested over a 6-year period. Neither site preparation nor fertilization significantly increased survival of any species above the control during the first 2 years after planting. Residues of picloram, one of the herbicides used during site preparation, reduced survival of all species, except white ash, below that of the control. Fertilization reduced survival of all species. Black cherry was the only species that grew better as a result of the treatments. Weed removal significantly increased black cherry seedling growth, but much of this increased growth was in branches, rather than the terminal shoot. Mechanical site preparation plus herbicide did not increase growth of black cherry seedlings above that of herbicide alone during the first 2 years and had the disadvantage of stimulating reinvasion by grass. Deer which penetrated the protective fence interfered with evaluation of growth after the second year. North J. Appl. For. 2:22-26, Mar. 1985.

Survival and Growth of Nuttall Oak Seedlings Following Selection Cutting—28-Year Remeasurement

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Johnson ◽  
Roger M. Krinard
Keyword(s):  
Seed Crop ◽  
Selection Cutting ◽  
Quercus Nuttallii ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Time Selection ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Abstract A Nuttall oak (Quercus nuttallii Palmer) seedling stand that averaged 138,000 trees/ac 1 year after establishment from the 1957 seed crop was reduced to 708 trees/ac after 28 years where seedling release consisted of a one-time selection cut. None of the dominant/codominant trees atage 28 were oak, and only 20% of the plots had oaks of intermediate crown class. The regenerated stand will apparently become ash-sugarberry to replace the original stand that was two-thirds oak. South. J. Appl. For. 13(1):43-46.

A comparison of the effects of different shelterwood harvest methods on the survival and growth of acorn-origin oak seedlings

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2359-2374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick H. Brose
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Quercus Alba ◽  
White Oak ◽  
Quercus Velutina ◽  
Germination Success ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Timely development of newly germinated oak (Quercus spp.) seedlings into competitive-sized regeneration is an essential part of the oak regeneration process. The amount of sunlight reaching the forest floor partly governs this development, and foresters often use the shelterwood system to expose oak seedlings to varying degrees of insolation. To further understand the seedling development–sunlight–shelterwood relationships, I conducted a multiyear study at five locations in Pennsylvania. Each location had four stands either uncut or recently treated with one of three shelterwood harvest methods (preparatory cut, first removal cut, or final removal cut) resulting in four different levels of sunlight reaching the forest floor. In each stand, four 32 m2 plots were prepared, and each was planted with 400 acorns of black (Quercus velutina Lam.), chestnut (Quercus montana Willd.), northern red (Quercus rubra L.), or white oak (Quercus alba L.) and protected from wildlife. Germination success was universally high and for the next 8 years, I monitored seedling survival and measured seedling growth. The final and first removal cut treatments had higher seedling survival than the preparatory cut and uncut treatments. Oak seedling growth was positively related to sunlight availability; seedlings in the final removal cut grew the most, followed in descending order by those in the first removal cut, preparatory cut, and uncut treatments. These findings provide insight into the subtleties of regenerating oak forests with the shelterwood system.

scholarly journals Short-term browsing by roe deer has little effect on survival and growth of sessile oak seedlings

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Bideau ◽  
Marie-Line Maublanc ◽  
Denis Picot ◽  
Jean-Pierre Hamard ◽  
Philippe Ballon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roe Deer ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Effects of microsite light availability on the survival and growth of oak seedlings within a grassland

1992 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Tang ◽  
Izumi Washitani ◽  
Hideo Iwaki
Keyword(s):  
Light Availability ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Coral husbandry for ocean futures: leveraging abiotic factors to increase survivorship, growth, and resilience in juvenile Montipora capitata

2021 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
pp. 123-133
Author(s):  
JR Hancock ◽  
AR Barrows ◽  
TC Roome ◽  
AS Huffmyer ◽  
SB Matsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Montipora Capitata ◽  
Reef Restoration ◽  
Juvenile Corals ◽  
Bleaching Response ◽  
The Face ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Global And Local

Reef restoration via direct outplanting of sexually propagated juvenile corals is a key strategy in preserving coral reef ecosystem function in the face of global and local stressors (e.g. ocean warming). To advance our capacity to scale and maximize the efficiency of restoration initiatives, we examined how abiotic conditions (i.e. larval rearing temperature, substrate condition, light intensity, and flow rate) interact to enhance post-settlement survival and growth of sexually propagated juvenile Montipora capitata. Larvae were reared at 3 temperatures (high: 28.9°C, ambient: 27.2°C, low: 24.5°C) for 72 h during larval development, and were subsequently settled on aragonite plugs conditioned in seawater (1 or 10 wk) and raised in different light and flow regimes. These juvenile corals underwent a natural bleaching event in Kāne‘ohe Bay, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i (USA), in summer 2019, allowing us to opportunistically measure bleaching response in addition to survivorship and growth. This study demonstrates how leveraging light and flow can increase the survivorship and growth of juvenile M. capitata. In contrast, larval preconditioning and substrate conditioning had little overall effect on survivorship, growth, or bleaching response. Importantly, there was no optimal combination of abiotic conditions that maximized survival and growth in addition to bleaching tolerances. This study highlights the ability to tailor sexual reproduction for specific restoration goals by addressing knowledge gaps and incorporating practices that could improve resilience in propagated stocks.

Mechanisms leading to recruitment inhibition of giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera by an understory alga

2021 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
BA Beckley ◽  
MS Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Kelp Forest ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Kelp Forests ◽  
Giant Kelp ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Survival And Growth

The forest-forming giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera and the communities it supports have been decreasing across their native ranges in many parts of the world. The sudden removal of giant kelp canopies by storms increases space and light for the colonization by understory macroalgae, such as Desmarestia herbacea, which can inhibit M. pyrifera recovery and alter local community composition. Understanding the mechanisms by which algae such as D. herbacea interact with M. pyrifera can provide insight into patterns of kelp forest recovery following these disturbances and can aid in predicting future community structure. This study experimentally tested the independent and combined effects of two likely competitive mechanisms by which D. herbacea might inhibit recovery of M. pyrifera in the Point Loma kelp forest in San Diego, California (USA). Specifically, we conducted field experiments to study the individual and combined effects of shade and scour by D. herbacea on the survival of M. pyrifera microscopic life stages, and the recruitment, survival, and growth of its young sporophytes. Our results show that scour had the strongest negative effect on the survival of M. pyrifera microscopic life stages and recruitment, but shade and scour both adversely affected survival and growth of these sporophytes as they grew larger. Canopy-removing storms are increasing in frequency and intensity, and this change could facilitate the rise of understory species, like D. herbacea, which might alter community succession and recovery of kelp forests.

The Influence of Stocking Density On Survival and Growth of Buenos Aires Tetra (Hemigrammus Caudovittatus) Larvae Reared Under Controlled Conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kupren ◽  
Dariusz Kucharczyk ◽  
Maja Prusińska ◽  
Sławomir Krejszeff ◽  
Katarzyna Targońska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Survival And Growth

Transplantation of coral fragment, Acropora formosa (Scleractinia)

2014 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hanny Tioho ◽  
Maykel A.J Karauwan
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Size ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Average Growth Rate ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acropora Formosa ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Better Than

The minimum size of coral transplants, Acropora formosa, was assessed to support their survival and growth. For this, 150 coral fragments of different sizes (5, 10, 15 cm) were transplanted close to the donor colony. Their survivorship and growth were observed for 12 months. At the end of the observation time, 90% of 15 cm-transplanted coral fragments survived, while the others (10cm and 5 cm) did 86% and 82% respectively. The average growth rate of 5 cm-coral fragments was 0.860 cm/month, while 10 and 15 cm-fragments were 0.984 cm/month and 1.108 cm/month respectively. One-way ANOVA showed that there was significant difference (p<0.05) among the three (5, 10, 15 cm) transplant initial sizes in which the longest fragment size tended to survive longer than the smaller one.  However, the smaller transplants grew better than the bigger one, 10.318 cm/year (206%) for 5 cm-transplant, 11.803 cm/year (118%) for 10 cm-transplant, and 13.299 cm/year (89%) for 15 cm-transplant, respectively. Ukuran minimal fragmen karang Acropora formosa yang ditransplantasi diduga untuk mendukung ketahanan hidup dan pertumbuhannya. Untuk itu, 150 fragmen karang ditransplantasi ke lokasi yang berdekatan dengan koloni induknya.  Ketahanan hidup dan pertumbuhan semua fragmen karang yang ditransplantasi diamati selama 12 bulan.  Pada akhir pengamatan, 90% dari fragmen karang berukuran 15 cm yang ditransplantasi dapat bertahan hidup, sedangkan yang lainnya (ukuran 10 cm dan 5 cm) masing-masing sebesar 86% dan 82%.  Rata-rata laju pertumbuhan fragmen karang dengan ukuran awal 5 cm adalah 0,860 cm/bulan, sedangkan ukuran fragmen 10 dan 15 cm masing-masing adalah 0,984 cm/bulan and 1,108 cm/bulan. ANOVA satu arah menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang nyata (p<0.05) antara ketiga ukuran fragmen yang berbeda, di mana ukuran fragmen karang yang lebih panjang cenderung mempunyai ketahanan hidup yang lebih baik. Namun demikian, ukuran transplant yang lebih kecil memiliki pertumbuhan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ukuran yang lebih besar, yakni10,318 cm/tahun (206%) untuk transplant berukuran 5 cm, 11,803 cm/tahun (118%) untuk 10 cm, dan 13,299 cm/tahun (89%) untuk ukuran 15 cm.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document