The Role of the State in the Modern Economic System

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Papava
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Modern Economic

scholarly journals Analisis Peran Negara Di Bidang Ekonomi Dalam Prespektif Sistem Kapitalisme, Sosialisme, Dan Ekonomi Islam

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kambali
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
The State ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Interest Rates

The economic crisis that convolved the world economy a few years ago is the result of a series of government policies in the economic field. Starting from the Subprime Mortgage in America, the crisis eventually spreads across all sectors of the economy. As analysts say that the explosion of the current economic crisis is caused by the trend of low interest rates that are applied by the Fed. The trend of low interest rates will give rise to expectation of market to future economic situation. It is characterized by the overflow of capital expansion in all sectors, especially in property sector. Today, along with the growing mobility of capital from one country to another as part of unavoidable economic liberalization, mobility of capital, on the one hand, has spawned some of the imbalances in the life of a State. The powerlessness can not be separated from economic ideology and system on state role in the economy. Capitalism with its laissez faire brings the concept of state minimal role in the economy. In the empirical facts, it is broken by the crisis situation in 1930 and today's financial crisis. Socialism tends to carry the central role of the State in the economy through the centralistic planning system. The fall of the Soviet Union in the 1980s brought the world to a choice whether reconstructing capitalism or socialism as Fukuyama and Gidden said. On the other hand, as the new system, the economic system of Islam brings the concept of the role of the State in the economy on the basis of universal values of Islam, such as justice in the economy which is reflected in the mechanism of the prohibition of riba (usury), just income distribution and redistribution of income through zakat and social security. This article is an exposure of the State's role in the economy which is studied through the perspective of today’s economic system. The systems are capitalism, socialism, and Islam. The article not only explores conceptual framework, but also also contains an empirical framework mapping and how the conceptual framework is operated. At the end, from the two mapping (conceptual and empirical), author draws a reflection of how the State should play a role in the economic field. Keywords: Capitalism, Socialism, Islam, Economic Role of State

Analisis Peran Negara Di Bidang Ekonomi Dalam Prespektif Sistem Kapitalisme, Sosialisme, Dan Ekonomi Islam

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-35
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kambali
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
The State ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Interest Rates

The economic crisis that convolved the world economy a few years ago is the result of a series of government policies in the economic field. Starting from the Subprime Mortgage in America, the crisis eventually spreads across all sectors of the economy. As analysts say that the explosion of the current economic crisis is caused by the trend of low interest rates that are applied by the Fed. The trend of low interest rates will give rise to expectation of market to future economic situation. It is characterized by the overflow of capital expansion in all sectors, especially in property sector. Today, along with the growing mobility of capital from one country to another as part of unavoidable economic liberalization, mobility of capital, on the one hand, has spawned some of the imbalances in the life of a State. The powerlessness can not be separated from economic ideology and system on state role in the economy. Capitalism with its laissez faire brings the concept of state minimal role in the economy. In the empirical facts, it is broken by the crisis situation in 1930 and today's financial crisis. Socialism tends to carry the central role of the State in the economy through the centralistic planning system. The fall of the Soviet Union in the 1980s brought the world to a choice whether reconstructing capitalism or socialism as Fukuyama and Gidden said. On the other hand, as the new system, the economic system of Islam brings the concept of the role of the State in the economy on the basis of universal values ​​of Islam, such as justice in the economy which is reflected in the mechanism of the prohibition of riba (usury), just income distribution and redistribution of income through zakat and social security. This article is an exposure of the State's role in the economy which is studied through the perspective of today’s economic system. The systems are capitalism, socialism, and Islam. The article not only explores conceptual framework, but also also contains an empirical framework mapping and how the conceptual framework is operated. At the end, from the two mapping (conceptual and empirical), author draws a reflection of how the State should play a role in the economic field.

scholarly journals Debate Over the Economic Role of the State in Poland in the Works of the Representatives of the Kraków School, the Leviathan Organization and the First Economic Brigade in the Years 1919–1939

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-46
Author(s):  
Anna Jarosz-Nojszewska
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Planning ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Role Of The State

Abstract As Poland regained independence in 1918, it immediately had to deal with the question of how to shape its political and economic system. One important but at the same time controversial issue was the level of the state’s involvement in the economic life of the country and the measures used. In numerous debates among economists, the dominant topics included problems in the industry - in particular issues such as statism, monopolization, policy towards cartels and, in the later period, economic planning. The article presents the course of the discussion on the role of the state in the economy that took place in Poland in the years 1918-1939, as well as a review of arguments put forward by the proponents and opponents of state’s economic interventionism. For the purpose of this article, three groups that were most active in the debate were selected: the Kraków School, the Leviathan organization and the First Economic Brigade.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN THE ISLAMIC ECONOMIC SYSTEM: A REVIEW OF ABBAS MIRAKHOR'S THOUGHT

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Havis Aravik ◽  
Achmad Irwan Hamzani ◽  
Nur Khasanah
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Principle ◽  
Dynamic Economy ◽  
System A ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Good Reputation ◽  
Islamic Economic

Islamic economy is a progressive and dynamic economy. Various new theories have been raised as an offer for the development of Islamic economics, one of which was carried out by Abbas Mirakhor. This article discusses the main principles of the economic system to the role of the state; an offer of Abbas Mirakhor to Islamic economics. To know more deeply the Islamic economic thoughts offered by Abbas Mirakhor, from the main principles of the economic system to the role of the state in the economy. This article uses a type of qualitative research using library research. The results of this study indicate that Abbas is a practitioner of Islamic economics and finance who has a good reputation in the world, both Islam and the West and is considered a reformer in the Islamic economy, and is part of the Iqtishad school of thought. In the field of the Islamic economic system, Mirakhor argues that the main principle of the Islamic economic system requires distribution in two mechanisms, namely freedom, and justice, without which prosperity will not be realized. Therefore, there is a need for a hermeneutical approach to answering various problems that occur in the Islamic economic system. In the context of the state, according to Mirakhor, the state has a very significant role in the welfare of society, especially through its productive policies. The state must also be present in realizing justice amid society.

scholarly journals Investment in human capital as the basis for the country’s economic growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 09046
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Nezhnikova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Modern Economic Growth ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

A key factor in modern economic growth is investment in people and in the development of human capital, as evidenced by the experience of many countries. Investments in human capital create conditions for sustainable economic growth, constant adaptation of the socio-economic structure to new areas of scientific and technological progress. In addition, investments in people form demand in many adjacent sectors, thereby causing a significant multiplier effect. Currently, the role of the state in this area is quite large. The role of the state is especially great in the most important spheres of the formation of human capital - in the field of education, health care and the allocation of research.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC EDUCATION: THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN NATIONAL ECONOMIC SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.Yu. Vaslavskaya ◽  
A. A. Bilyalova ◽  
A.N. Tarasova
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Economic Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Organizational Relations

The paper examines the role and core functions of the state in the system of vertical and horizontal linkages between economic actors and government, which are connected due to the exchange of activity and its results. The concepts of organization and self-organization are considered as the essential characteristics of structural ties in the national economic system. It is acceptable that the mechanism of self-movement of the economic system is based on provoking changes at different levels of organizational relations. The main theoretical approaches to the role of the state which are based on the theory of social contract and the theory of exploitation are analyzed. It is proved that in both theories the state is empowered to establish and redistribute property rights either in accordance with the interests of members of society or in accordance with the interests of the governing group. It was concluded that the tasks of the state are contradictory in the national economic system. Such conclusion is based on the need to define a set of property rights that would maximize the aggregate product of society. On this basis, the relationship between the theories of state and law is shown. Particular attention is paid to assessing the effectiveness of the state as the central institution of the economic system and the main criteria for protecting property rights. It is determined that when choosing the methods of legal protection of property rights, the main point is criterion of economic efficiency

scholarly journals SIGNIFIKANSI LEMBAGA AL-ḤISBAH DALAM SISTEM EKONOMI ISLAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Khairuddin Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Logical Consequence ◽  
The State ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Socialist Economic ◽  
Islamic Economic

If the teachings of neoclassical economic systems minimize the role of the state in the market, and conversely the teaching of socialist economic systems maximizes the role of the State in the market, Islamic economic systems teach that markets, countries and individuals are in balance (iqtiṣād / equilibrium). This means that for Islamic economic systems, the State is in a unified system. However, Islamic economic systems guarantee a free market mechanism, where sellers and buyers are free to compete fairly in terms of equity. To guarantee the sustainability of this market fairly, from the outset the Messenger of Allah saw attention to the market by conducting an investigation into the market. This sunna is preserved by friends and the Islamic world, which in turn is transformed into an institution of ratio. After observing the objectives, principles, and characteristics of Islamic economic systems, it turns out that the existence of this market watchdog is a necessity, as a logical consequence of the Islamic economic system it self.

scholarly journals THE ECONOMIC ROLE OF THE STATE IN CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
ELGUJA MEKVABISHVILI
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
State Government ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Transnational Companies ◽  
Entire Society ◽  
Modern Economic

State (government) intervention in the economy has a long history. This issue has become especially crucial after the formation of the market economy. The cyclical (uneven) nature of market economy development determines state›s intervention with various levels in certain periods. the role of government in economy is getting more important in recession and crisis periods and it is becoming less important in a period of the normal development of the economy. The most obvious proof of this is the global financial and economic crisis of 2007-2008, that has been overcome by the active anti-crisis policy of the State. The government’s role in the economy during the post-crisis period was relatively weakened. Globalization significantly changes the state›s economic role, but it does not nullify it. Nowadays, the relationship between the state and the economy is crucial and beneficial for both sides. In the modern economic system the state has one of the most important parts of the market economy. Unlike the private market, which is determined by the profit and-loss categories, the main objective of the State›s economic activity is to maximize welfare of the entire society. Governments of the countries participating in the globalization process are not able to carry out economic policy without taking into consideration the interests of the global members - international financial and economic institutions, transnational companies (TNCs) and regional unions.

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