scholarly journals Suspected neospora-associated myocarditis in a dog

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos F. Agudelo ◽  
Jana Petrášová ◽  
Petra Honajzerová
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Cardiac Markers ◽  
Neurological Abnormality ◽  
Common Manifestation

Neosporosis was diagnosed in an American Staffordshire Terrier with collapse and arrhythmia episodes by serological and cardiovascular examination. Clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment ofNeospora caninumare described. The dog did not develop any neurological abnormality, which is the most common manifestation. Furthermore, the dog was also serologically positive for antibodies toToxoplasma gondiiand negative forBartonella henselaeandBorrelia burgdorferi. Serological diagnosis was achieved by indirect immunofluorescence. The arrhythmia, cardiac markers, biochemistry, complete blood count and clinical signs gradually improved following therapy with clindamycin and antiarrhythmic therapy. After 3 months of therapyToxoplasma gondiititres persisted low butNeospora caninumtitres changed to negative values. According to the veterinary literature and to the authors’ knowledge this was one of the few cases successfully treated for this condition. These observations demonstrated that neosporosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of myocarditis in dogs and can be successfully treated by supportive therapy and clindamycin.

Cytologic detection of Toxoplasma gondii in the cerebrospinal fluid of a dog and in vitro isolation of a unique mouse-virulent recombinant strain

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872199668
Author(s):  
Waléria Borges-Silva ◽  
Mariana M. Rezende-Gondim ◽  
Gideão S. Galvão ◽  
Daniele S. Rocha ◽  
George R. Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Recombinant Strain ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Cytologic Examination ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Tissue Homogenates

Parasites resembling Neospora caninum or Toxoplasma gondii were detected by cytologic examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a dog with neurologic disease. The dog became severely ill and was euthanized. Canine tissue homogenates were used for direct parasite isolation in cell culture, bioassay in 2 mouse lineages, and PCR. T. gondii was isolated in monkey kidney cells, and species identity was confirmed by PCR. Inoculated parasites were highly virulent for mice, which developed clinical signs and were euthanized immediately. PCR-RFLP for T. gondii using the cultured isolate (TgDgBA22) was conducted with 12 genetic markers, and a unique recombinant strain was identified. Detection of T. gondii by CSF cytology, although described in humans, had not been reported previously in dogs, to our knowledge, and was crucial for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in the examined dog.

Neoureterocystostomy for the management of extramural ectopic ureter with concurrent contralateral renal aplasia in two dogs

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e000766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Bresciani ◽  
Josep Aisa ◽  
Jonathan Bray ◽  
Audrey Petite ◽  
Susanna Spence
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Abdominal Imaging ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ectopic Ureter ◽  
Renal Aplasia ◽  
Routine Investigations

Two male puppies were presented: one with urinary incontinence and the other with abdominal distension and discomfort. A diagnosis of unilateral extramural ectopic ureter with associated hydronephrosis/hydroureter and contralateral renal aplasia was confirmed in both patients by a combination of abdominal imaging and exploratory coeliotomy. Both patients were also diagnosed with cryptorchidism ipsilateral to the renal aplasia. Routine investigations, including complete blood count, biochemistry and urinalysis, were otherwise unremarkable. Neoureterocystostomy with an intravesical technique and castration were performed in both patients. One month following surgery, severity of clinical signs, the degree of hydronephrosis/hydroureter and elevation of renal blood values had all improved in both patients.

scholarly journals Challenges on the Follow-Up Experimental Leptospiral Infection in Sheep

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Ribeiro Rocha ◽  
Matheus Costa Da Rosa ◽  
Lucas Correia ◽  
Gabriel Martins ◽  
Odir Antônio Dellagostin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Reliable Parameter

Background: Leptospirosis is currently a source of significant economic losses in the agribusiness; as such, experimental studies on this infection are required to develop a better understanding of the pathogenesis, treatment, and immunoprophylaxis of the disease. Sheep may represent a good model for ruminants in such models. Despite the extent of the studies that has been conducted thus far, researchers have yet to reach a consensus on the experimental practices to apply for leptospirosis in this animal species, and several gaps in understanding remain. To bridge these gaps, the present study aimed to assess the usage of several tools for the monitoring of experimental leptospirosis in sheep.Material, Methods & Results: Twelve Santa Ines sheep of different ages were each allocated to one of four groups (A, B, C, and D). The subjects in groups A, B, and C received different doses of Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohemorrhagiae by intraperitoneal route, 1x102, 1x105, and 1x108 respectively. Group D was the control. Hematological, biochemical and clinical parameters were evaluated daily. Serology by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and PCR were performed to evaluate the infection status. The most remarkable clinical signs were fever (41ºC) and dehydration, and acute pain (cub). Two animals from Group C presented leukocytosis. Only those in Group C exhibited positive results according to serology, while positivity in PCR was observed in animals in groups A and C. The results of the experiment indicated that sheep may be experimentally infected and can, therefore, be used as a model for leptospirosis in ruminants. Clinical signs cannot be considered to represent a reliable parameter for evaluating the development of leptospirosis in experimentally infected sheep. We recommend the use of urine PCR and serology to confirm the infection in experimentally infected animals and daily complete blood count (CBC) as a follow-up tool.Discussion: It was observed that the clinical signs cannot be considered as a reliable parameter to evaluate the pathogenesis in experimentally infected ewes, being important to emphasize that the age of the animals does not seem to alter their susceptibility to the infection. This finding is in agreement with other experimental studies, which report that leptospirosis infection in ruminants occurs asymptomatic and subclinical. Hematological and biochemical tests proved to be adequate tools to monitor the experimental infection. Studies have shown that the complete blood count has been used to monitor the acute phase of leptospirosis and is effective in detecting anemia and leukocytosis with neutrophilia in ruminants. Despite the lack of clinical signs, the serological and molecular results confirmed the experimental infection. PCR has been used as an important tool in the diagnosis of leptospirosis. In addition, the current study is the first of its kind to use PCR to detect the carrier status in experimentally infected ewes. Despite this limitation, PCR was very effective in confirming the infection and should be considered for use in experimental studies. Sheep have been used as a good experimental model in several studies, sheep are relatively small compared to other ruminants and can be easily allocated in smaller pens and pens, facilitating the management of research and minimizing the costs of experimentation. In this context, we suggest that sheep represent a good model for the study of leptospirosis in ruminants and therefore a reliable protocol for experimental infection by leptospirosis is necessary.

Acute colonic impaction and faecaloma due to canine benign prostatic hyperplasia – Case report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lluis Ferré-Dolcet ◽  
Beatrice Sussan
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Faecal Peritonitis ◽  
Present Case Report ◽  
Prostatic Enlargement

AbstractThe present case report describes the clinical signs and case resolution of an intact 9-year-old male crossbreed dog with spontaneous constipation. The dog presented with abdominal pain, lack of appetite, tenesmus and without signs of defecation in the last 4 days. No important alterations were observed in the complete blood count and biochemistry. A substantial obstruction caused by a faecaloma and a prostate with increased size was observed on X-rays. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) was confirmed by ultrasonography (size: 48.29 cm3) and by testing the serum canine prostate-specific arginine esterase concentration (105.97 ng/mL). Colon impaction was resolved with rectal enemas within two days. BPH was treated with osaterone acetate. Ultrasonographic checks were performed after 60 and 180 days from the demission and a concrete constant reduction of prostatic volume and of the clinical signs was established. Faecaloma is an uncommon finding in male dogs, and it occurs especially as a consequence of BPH. Colon impaction in patients with BPH is usually subclinical, but it is important to underline how, in severe cases, perforation of the colon and faecal peritonitis can occur, leading to fatal conditions for the animal. In conclusion, prostatic enlargement should always be considered in male dogs suffering from colonic impaction.

scholarly journals Serological Survey on the Occurrence of Rickettsia spp., Neospora caninum, Bartonella henselae and Toxoplasma gondii in Cats from Tuscany (Central Italy)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1842
Author(s):  
Valentina Virginia Ebani ◽  
Simona Nardoni ◽  
Michela Maestrini ◽  
Stefania Perrucci ◽  
Francesca Mancianti
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Rickettsia Conorii ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Rickettsia Felis

Asymptomatic cats often harbor pathogens, some of which have not been largely investigated in feline populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of antibodies against Rickettsia conorii, Rickettsia felis, Rickettsia typhi, Neospora caninum, Bartonella henselae and Toxoplasma gondii in cats from Tuscany. Ninety-five blood serum samples, previously collected, were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Fifty-six (58.94%) cats had antibodies to at least one investigated pathogen: 28 (29.47%) cats were positive for B. henselae, 17 (17.89%) for R. felis, 14 (14.73%) for R. conorii, 14 (14.73%) for T. gondii, 2 (2.1%) for N. caninum. No cats were positive for R. typhi. Positive reactions to two or more pathogens were detected in 18 (18.94%) cats. The occurrence of antibodies against these microorganisms suggests that cats, even though asymptomatic, may be infected by pathogens, often zoonotic, and thus may be a source of infections for other animals and humans.

scholarly journals Polyarthritis due to systemic lupus erythematosus in a dog

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Krüger ◽  
R.T. França ◽  
A.S. Amaral ◽  
J.E.W. Schossler
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Antinuclear Antibody ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Synovial Fluid Analysis

A five year old male mongrel dog was presented for medical consultation with a history of arthralgia. Complete blood count revealed linfopenia and neutropenia, antinuclear antibody was positive at 1:1,256, and synovial fluid analysis showed inflammatory arthritis with lupus erythematosus cells. No significant proteinuria was detected on urinalysis, and microalbuminuria measurement was performed to determine glomerulonephritis in early stage. Based on clinical signs, synovial fluid analysis, antinuclear antibody test and complete blood count, the diagnosis was systemic lupus erythematosus. The measurement of microalbuminuria was useful to demonstrate the absence of glomerulonephritis, and the performance of complementary tests proved to be indispensable for diagnosis and prognosis. Glucocorticoid treatment led to complete remission.

scholarly journals Differential and diagnostic significance of monocytosis in treatment of moderate forms of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shperling ◽  
E. Shperling ◽  
A. Kovalev ◽  
A. Vlasov ◽  
A. Polyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Treatment of COVID-19-associated pneumonia in the overwhelming majority of cases is accompanied by empirical prescription of antibiotic therapy. According to a number of studies carried out, the addition of a bacterial infection in this disease is noted less often than in other viral pneumonias, in particular, caused by the influenza virus. In addition, the occurrence of leukocytosis in response to therapy with glucocorticosteroids (GCS) is often perceived as an attachment of bacterial flora and is the reason for initiating antibiotic therapy. Therefore, an urgent task is the correct interpretation of leukocytosis in response to GCS therapy in COVID-19. The purpose of the work was to study the dynamics of changes in the number of leukocytes, neutrophils and monocytes of venous blood in patients with moderate COVID-19 with systemic use of GCS. Also we aimed to determine the differences in these indicators between the group of patients with indirect signs of bacterial infection and the group of patients receiving GCS. We analyzed the indicators of the complete blood count of 154 patients in the temporary infectious diseases hospital in the “PATRIOT” Park of the Moscow region with confirmed moderate form of COVID-19. The comparison group (1) consisted of 128 patients without clinical signs of bacterial infection and leukocytosis on admission, who were prescribed GCS therapy. The control group (2) consisted of 26 people who, upon admission, showed signs of a bacterial infection - a cough with purulent sputum in combination with neutrophilic leukocytosis. The dynamics of cells in venous blood was assessed in patients of group (1) before the start, 3 and 6 days after the start of GCS therapy. We also compared the number of leukocytes, neutrophils and monocytes between patients with developed leukocytosis from group (1) in response to GCS therapy and group (2). As a result of the study, an increase in the number of leukocytes, neutrophils and monocytes was revealed according to the data of the complete blood count test in patients of the group (1) on days 3 and 6 of GCS therapy. All patients with developed leukocytosis (103 people) had no clinical signs of bacterial infection. In patients with developed leukocytosis from group (1), an increase in the number of monocytes was revealed (0.90 (0.84; 1.02) on day 3 of GCS and 0.94 (0.87; 1.26) on day 6 of GCS) compared with group (2) (0.61 (0.50; 0.71)), p <0.001. The number of leukocytes and neutrophils did not differ between the groups. The appearance of monocytosis when taking GCS may be due to the presence of macrophage activation syndrome in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and, therefore, increased activation of monocytes. The use of GCS in this case leads to inhibition of the migration of monocytes to the inflammation area and to the stimulation of the production of their anti-inflammatory pool (M2 cells) by the bone marrow. This fact causes an increase in the number of monocytes in the peripheral blood. Monocytosis in response to GCS therapy can be a differential diagnostic criterion between glucocorticoid-induced leukocytosis and the addition of a bacterial infection. This may be one of the factors influencing the decision to prescribe antibiotic therapy, and may also be a criterion for the effectiveness of GCS immunosuppressive therapy in COVID-19, which requires further study.

scholarly journals Clinical Profiles and Complete Blood Count Could Not Identify Children Aged 3 to 36 Months Who Had Fever Without Source at High Risk for Bacteremia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanchanok Saraban ◽  
Kamolwish Laoprasopwattana
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Clinical Profiles ◽  
Occult Bacteremia ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Empirical Antibiotics

Objectives: To evaluate the incidence and causes of occult bacteremia and whether clinical profiles and complete blood count could reliably identify high-risk-for-bacteremia children aged 3 to 36 months who had fever without source (FWS).Material and Methods: The medical data of children aged 3 to 36 months who presented with FWS for 1 to 7 days but with no clinical signs of sepsis and were subsequently hospitalized between January 2007 and December 2017 with one or more of the following high risk features, body temperature >39 degrees Celsius, inactive behavior, white blood cell (WBC) count >15,000 cells per cubic millimeter (cells/mm3 ), absolute neutrophil count >10,000 cells/mm3 , or absolute band count >1,500 cells/mm3 , were recorded.Results: Bacteremia was found in 12 of 160 (7.5%) children with one or more of the high-risk features. The pathogens were non-typhoidal Salmonella (5 patients), Streptococcus pneumoniae (4 patients), and Salmonella Typhi (3 patients). None of the high-risk features could differentiate between children with and without bacteremia. Five of the 8 patients with Salmonella septicemia had normal WBC counts leading to delays in prescribing empirical antibiotics and none of them had complications. None of the 117 patients in the non-bacteremia group who did not receive antibiotics or discontinued them after negative hemoculture had complications during hospitalization.Conclusion: High-risk features could not help to identify occult bacteremia in children aged 3-36 months who had FWS.

scholarly journals Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor and Hypertrophic Osteopathy in a Bitch

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amabile Arruda de Souza ◽  
Rubia Avlade Guedes Sampaio ◽  
Camila Pereira da Silva ◽  
Rafael Lima de Oliveira ◽  
Débora Monteiro Navarro Marques de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Mesenchymal Origin ◽  
Nerve Sheath

Background: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare, aggressive, relapsing, metastatic cutaneous neoplasms of mesenchymal origin. So far, no account on the association of this disease with hypertrophic osteopathy (HO) in dogs is available in the literature. Current theories on the possible causes of HO suggest that this disease may be triggered by a primary neoplasm as well as by its metastasis. The objective of this work is to report the clinical, cytological, radiographic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical aspects of a dog affected by MPNST and HO.Case: A 13-year-old female mongrel dog was presented with a history of ulcerated nodular lesion on the skin of the flank. Several ulcerated and non-ulcerated tumors were observed on the thorax, neck, and head at the physical exam. Cytological examination of the nodules revealed presence of mesenchymal cells with a malignant aspect. Complete blood count revealed anemia. There were no alterations in the biochemical tests performed. Thoracic radiographs showed presence of a nodular interstitial pattern in the cranial, medial, and caudal lobes of the lungs. To improve quality of life of the patient, the veterinary team opted for surgical excision of the tumoral ulcerations. Slight claudication in the pelvic limbs was noticed prior to the surgery. Histopathological analyses of the excised nodules verified the existence of malignant mesenchymal neoplasia, which was categorized as peripheral nerve sheath tumor after immunohistochemical examination. Additional cutaneous tumors emerged after surgical excision, along with increased claudication, edema, and pain in the legs. Complete blood count revealed persistent anemia, lymphopenia, monocytosis, and neutrophilia. Radiographs showed an increase in the number and size of the nodules. Radiography of the limbs showed presence of palisading periosteal reaction, and increased radiopacity and volume in the adjacent soft tissues. Doxorubicin and vincristine were administered, but the patient died one week after commencement of the treatment.Discussion: Cytology suggested presence of a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal origin, and the histopathological and immunohistochemical exams substantiated the diagnosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Macroscopic and histopathological examinations revealed characteristics similar to those described for MPNST in the literature. Positive immunohistochemical reactions for the markers NSE and CD56 determined the diagnosis of MPNST in spite of being negative for S-100, which could represent a consequence of variability in expression and cell differentiation. MPNST exhibits a variable distribution among breeds; it is more predominant in male and elder dogs. Animals exhibiting neoplastic lesions in the thorax, abdomen, head and neck show a high incidence of metastasis after surgical removal of these lesions. The clinical signs of MPNST were unspecific; the alterations observed in the four limbs were observed concomitantly with the diagnosis of hypertrophic osteopathy (HO), and could be due to this condition rather than MPNSC. Histopathological analysis of the pulmonary neoplasms was not possible. However, there is strong suspicion that the pulmonary lesions were a consequence of MPNSC metastasis, which could be the underlying cause of the reemergence of the cutaneous nodules. We believe that HO was caused by the thoracic tumors because the clinical signs became more intense after the increase in the nodules found in the lungs. The difficult diagnosis of MPNSC could be the reason for this type of tumor is rarely identified.  MPNSC should always be included in the differential diagnosis for cutaneous tumors, and the possibility that HO represents a consequence of these tumors should be considered.

scholarly journals Medullary Aplasia Revealing a Metastatic Prostatic Adenocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Idriss Ziani ◽  
Ahmed Ibrahimi ◽  
Omar Bellouki ◽  
Youssef Zaoui ◽  
Yasmine Laraqui Housseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abiraterone Acetate ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Grade Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Lh Rh

In this case report, we are reporting the case of a 68-year-old male patient who was admitted in our hospital for unintended weight loss, asthenia, and anorexia. Physical examination showed clinical signs of anemia such as pallor of skin and mucous membranes; hemodynamic parameters were normal. Complete blood count (CBC) analysis showed a pancytopenia with anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia. BM biopsy was performed, showing a malignant infiltration of bone marrow by a metastatic prostate cancer confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Prostate biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of acinar adenocarcinoma with Gleason score 8 ( 4 + 4 ), ISUP grade group 4. Our patient underwent chemical castration using LH-RH analogs in association with second-line hormone therapy by abiraterone acetate. The evolution was good on both the oncological and hematological levels.

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