scholarly journals Characteristics of epiphytic microorganisms of wheat plants antagonists of phytopathogenic fungi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aldosari ◽  
Oksana Ksenofontova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Epiphytic Microorganisms

Epiphytic microbiological complex of the surface of spring wheat plants of the Saratov 70 variety was studied. Among of the selected epiphyte cultures, strains of fungicide producers were screened for the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus and Fusarium.

scholarly journals Taxonomic composition and incidence of phytopathogenic fungi on the roots of soft spring wheat in the Kansk-Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (44) ◽  
pp. 22-22
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Fusarium Spp

The taxonomic composition and incidence of phytopathogenic fungi on the roots of soft spring wheat Triticum aestivum L. of nine varieties of Siberian origin (Altayskaya 70, Altayskaya 75, Krasnoyarskaya 12, Novosibirskaya 15, Novosibirskaya 16, Novosibirskaya 29, Novosibirskaya 31, Novosibirskaya 41 and Svirel) cultivated using wheat and fallow as a predecessor, was studied in the area of Kansk-Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe. Average incidence of fungal root infection was 24%. In plants grown using wheat as a predecessor, the incidence was statistically significantly (p <0.05) higher than in plants grown using fallow as a predecessor (27.3 versus 20.6%). Statistically significant (p <0.05) differences in the prevalence of root infection were revealed between cultivars. The maximal prevalence (33.3 and 32.3%, respectively) on average for the wheat predecessor and fallow was found for the varieties Svirel and Altayskaya 75, the minimal (16.7%) for the varieties Novosibirskaya 16 and Altayskaya 70. The complex of phytopathogenic fungi on the roots is represented by Fusarium spp., Bipolaris sorokiniana and Alternaria spp. (31.4, 44.9 and 23.7% of the pathogenic complex on average for varieties and variants, respectively). The composition of pathogens statistically significantly (p <0.01) depends on the predecessor. In the plants cultivated using wheat as a predecessor, the proportion of Alternaria spp. was higher whereas proportions of Fusarium spp. and Bipolaris sorokiniana were lower. No differences in prevalence and taxonomic composition of root infection between varieties originated from Novosibirsk territory, Krasnoyarsk territory and Altay territory were found. Keywords: SPRING WHEAT, ROOT ROT, KRASNOYARSK TERRITORY, FUSARIUM SPP., BIPOLARIS SOROKINIANA, ALTERNARIA SPP

Effectiveness of complex inoculation of spring wheat with N[2] -fi xing bacteria Azospirillum brasilense and mold-antagonist Chaetomium cochliodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
E. Kopylov
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrogen ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Aim. To study the specifi cities of complex inoculation of spring wheat roots with the bacteria of Azospirillum genus and Chaetomium cochliodes Palliser 3250, and the isolation of bacteria of Azospirillum genus, capable of fi xing atmospheric nitrogen, from the rhizospheric soil, washed-off roots and histoshere. Materials and meth- ods. The phenotypic features of the selected bacteria were identifi ed according to Bergi key. The molecular the polymerase chain reaction and genetic analysis was used for the identifi cation the bacteria. Results. It has been demonstrated that during the introduction into the root system of spring wheat the strain of A. brasilensе 102 actively colonizes rhizospheric soil, root surface and is capable of penetrating into the inner plant tissues. Conclusions. The soil ascomucete of C. cochliodes 3250 promotes better settling down of Azospirillum cells in spring wheat root zone, especially in plant histosphere which induces the increase in the content of chlorophyll a and b in the leaves and yield of the crop.

Photosynthetic activity of spring wheat depending on the conditions of water supply

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.I. Seregina ◽  
◽  
I.G. Makarskaya
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Spring Wheat Variety ◽  
Excessive Water

Abstract:In model experiments in soil culture, the effect of different methods of treatment with sodium selenite on the photosynthetic activity of spring wheat variety Zlata was studied under extreme growing conditions. Under drought conditions, the inhibition of the growth of the photosynthetic surface of spring wheat plants was revealed. Under conditions of excessive water supply, a sharp decrease in the area of the assimilating surface of wheat plants was observed. The positive effect of sodium selenite solution on the photosynthetic activity of spring wheat plants was established with insufficient and excessive water supply to wheat plants.

Influence of heterosis value in spring wheat hybrids on the efficiency of valuable selection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Abramov ◽  
◽  
I.N. Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Wheat Hybrids

The article presents the results of the influence of the magnitude of heterosis on the main elements of the formation of yield (grain size and productivity of the main spike) of spring wheat in the Irkutsk region. The following were used as maternal varieties: Irgina, Krasnoyarskaya 83, Tulun 15, Tselinnaya 60, Altayskaya 92, Niva 2 and a variety from Mongolia Orkhon 85, as testers - Skala, Angara 86, Tulunskaya 12 The best indicators of hypothetical heterosis were manifested by the number of grains in ear in combinations Krasnoyarskaya 83 × Angara 86, Krasnoyarskaya 83 × Skala, Altai 92 × Skala (81.6 ... 85.7%). In terms of grain weight from the main spike, the best results of hypothetical heterosis were noted in hybrid combinations Krasnoyarskaya 83 × Angara 86, Orkhon 85 × Angara 86, Ni-va × Angara 86, Altai 92 × Angara 86 (100.0 ... 130.7%) ... Krasnoyarskaya 83 × Angara 86, Altai 92 × Angara 86, Or-khon × Angara 86 are recognized as the best hybrid combinations that can give the greatest yield of transgressive forms of elite plants.

Prospects of spring wheat cultivation in the conditions of arid Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Valery Genadievich Popov ◽  
Andrey Vladimirovich Panfilov ◽  
Yuriy Vyacheslavovich Bondarenko ◽  
Konstantin Mikhailovich Doronin ◽  
Evgeny Nikolaevih Martynov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Clear Differentiation ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the experience of the impact of the system of forest belts and mineral fertilizers on the yield of spring wheat, including on irrigated lands. Vegetation irrigation is designed to maintain the humidity of the active soil layer from germination to maturation at the lower level of the optimum-70-75%, and in the phases of tubulation-earing - flowering - 75-80% NV. However, due to the large differences in zones and microzones of soil and climate conditions and due to the weather conditions of individual years, wheat irrigation regimes require a clear differentiation. In the Volga region in the dry autumn rainfalls give the norm of 800-1000 m3/ha, and in saline soils – 1000-1300 and 3-4 vegetation irrigation at tillering, phases of booting, earing and grain formation the norm 600-650 m3/ha. the impact of the system of forest belts, mineral fertilizers on the yield of spring wheat is closely tied to the formation of microclimate at different distances from forest edges.

EVALUATION OF HYBRID SPRING WHEAT POPULATIONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
O. V. Gladysheva ◽  
Т. А. Barkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Selection Of

This article presents the results of a study of hybrid spring wheat populations. Revealed different patterns of inheritance of important traits in F1 hybrids, which is caused by hereditary features of the original forms and circumstances. Analysis of hybrid populations showed that the dominant role in the formation of 1000 grains mass belongs to productivity and weight of grain with an ear, correlation coefficient r = 0.90 and amounted to r = 0.73, respectively. Found that the hybrid population in F4-5, created on the basis of grades Moscow 35, Esther, Agatha, Rome, Saratovskaya 29 (Russia), Ostinka (Ukraine) are a valuable material for selection of highly productive genotypes for future use breeding process. 

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