scholarly journals A Political Economy of Reorientation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-53
Author(s):  
Henk K. Van Tuinen
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Final Outcome ◽  
Distance Measures ◽  
Necessary Condition

Western subjects are disoriented by systematic commercial manipulation of their preferences. Such manipulation affected the preferences of their forbears and the culture of their societies and its final outcome is that their actual preferences are biased to impulsiveness, materialism, competition and egocentrism. An indication of the disorientation is the distance between actual preferences and what the article defines as potential personal preferences. This distance measures the potential reorientation. A necessary condition for realizing that reorientation is the removal of the commercial bias in the manipulation of preferences. Therefore, the article proposes to institute a Sovereignty Fund, which enables citizens to neutralize the commercial bias in manipulation by promoting their non-commercial values and ambitions in ads which are as sophisticated as contemporary ads promoting consumer goods. Two other arrangements are proposed for securing and accelerating the process of reorientation. All three proposals are radically democratic. They can be implemented without removing or disrupting existing institutions.

scholarly journals Political Economy and Forecasting Tools

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
V. Yu. Malov ◽  
B. V. Melentyev
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Economic Regulation ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Industrial Education ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Russian Empire

Modern regional development strategies are implemented only for the part that meets the interests of corporations. The national economic approach is ignored. Western models within the framework of economics do not correspond to the state of the Russian economy. The theories of the peripheral economy of the 19th century were not only accepted but also realised during the reform of the economy of the Russian Empire. Loss of value with a “non-market” approach to exchange with other countries was considered as a necessary condition for “industrial education of the nation”. Examples of projects implemented in Siberia demonstrate this clearly. It is no secret that many infrastructure projects, in particular transport projects, are obviously unprofitable. Pipeline transport is created in the interests of mainly large resource-exploiting companies that prefer export destinations. The economic block of our government is focused on maximising cash income, and preferably as soon as possible. It should be recognised that the theories (scientific basis, if any) used to reform the Soviet economy of the 90s did not correspond to the object. Our economy was in a different environment of economic regulation, in which other laws apply. We propose to use the forecasting experience based on spatial models of the national economic level, which are based on the laws of political economy: maximisation of the degree of satisfaction of the needs of the country’s population, the law of planned (propor tional) development and the law of value.

Opposition surge raises instability risks in Gabon

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Market Position ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Strong Market Position ◽  
Regime Continuity

Subject Political economy outlook for Gabon. Significance Gabon earlier this month issued a 500 million dollar ten-year euro-bond at a 6.95% yield to support the government's economic policies. President Ali Bongo faces growing opposition to his family's nearly 50-year rule ahead of elections scheduled for 2016. He hopes a largely debt-funded stimulus programme will mitigate this, but results may only be felt in the medium term. Impacts The Moroccan king's state visit could lay the foundations for new investment, notably in finance and telecommunications. New military equipment purchases and pay rises for soldiers will reinforce the army's support for Bongo, assisting regime continuity. Planned expansion from French consumer goods firm CFAO will help it retain strong market position across multiple sectors. Logging sacred Kevazingo trees for export to China could spur Sinophobic sentiment.

Thrift Shop Philanthropy

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Mooney Nickel
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Critical Theories ◽  
Welfare Mix ◽  
Contemporary Practice ◽  
The Welfare State

Although the charity thrift shop is typically treated as an apolitical nonprofit entity, it plays a significant cultural and political role in the contemporary practice of governing. In this article, I am concerned with how well-being is distributed through the governance of time and labor as it intersects with the circulation of the thrift shop commodities that fund the welfare mix. I am simultaneously concerned with how these practices of power—which are frequently degrading for those who have few options other than to interface with the institutions within which these practices originate—come to be rehabilitated as charity, in a cycle that mirrors the circulation of consumer goods upon which they depend for funding. I draw on critical theories of philanthropy, consumer culture, the welfare state, and time, as they contribute to our understanding of the inculcation of ascetics in relationship to contemporary practices of power. I substantiate these claims through an exploration of how the charity thrift shop belongs to a circuit of ascetic production involving the degradation and rehabilitation of consumer goods, which then, through the funding of training programs that belong to a particular temporal political economy, dictates the ability of many to achieve well-being by managing the degradation and rehabilitation of individuals.

scholarly journals CAN OPENNESS HYPOTHESIS IMPROVE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF PAKISTANS FINANCIAL MARKET?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Jawad Ahmad ◽  
Sania Zehraa ◽  
Noor Jehan
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Financial Market Development ◽  
Political Economy Approach

This paper is an attempt to test the openness hypothesis for the case of Pakistan. Being a developing country and having different interest groups interfering in the financial market, openness hypothesis provides a theory that provides a win-win situation for the interest groups, consequently improving financial development. We presented a political economy approach of analyzing the state of Pakistans financial market and proposed an openness hypothesis. Our result indicates that individually, trade and financial opening are beneficial for improving the financial market development however, the simultaneous opening of financial and trade hypothesis does not hold for Pakistan. In other words, the simultaneous opening of financial and trade accounts does not seem to be a necessary condition for improving the financial sector.

The Fiscal State, the Market, and the Individual Moral Capacity in the Secularized Society

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-114
Author(s):  
Stefano Gorini
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
The Political ◽  
Individual Liberty ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
Fiscal State ◽  
Moral Capacity

Abstract This essay is an attempt to construct a philosophically correct relationship between economics and ethics, by contrasting it with the philosophically wrong conventional wisdom, and based on objective notions of the common good social justice, and to draw some implications concerning the role of morality in the working of the political economy of the fiscal state and of the market in contemporary liberal capitalist and secularized societies. The basic claim identifies individual moral capacity in the individual's possession of moral values defined as principles giving an absolute meaning to human life, and identifies furthermore the only absolute meaning of human life compatible with the secular-scientific worldview, intrinsically devoid of any such meaning, in individual liberty-independence defined as the personal experience of selfconsciousness. The secularization of Western culture has displaced non-secular values without replacing them, making liberal capitalist societies into societies without values. The individual's awareness of individual liberty-independence as the only public moral value is a necessary condition for ensuring the safeguarding of this unique secular ethical principle in the working of the political economy and liberal political institutions of secularized societies. If this individual moral capacity is shared by too few people, or too weak, then no system of rules, and of management of government power and market forces, however perfect, will ever suffice for the purpose.

The Political Economy of Hegemony: The (Surprising) Persistence of American Hegemony

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Oatley
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
The United States ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
American Hegemony ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

First-generation research in International Political Economy focused considerable attention on the relationship between hegemony and global economic stability. This focus was the result of a confluence of scholarly and policy concerns about the impact that the apparent decline of U.S. hegemony would have on international trade and investment regimes. Interest in this hegemonic stability hypothesis waned, however, as deeper explorations of the theoretical logic indicated that hegemony was not a necessary condition for international economic openness, and as the collapse of the Soviet Union and the consequent “unipolar moment” suggested that American hegemony was hardly in decline. Interest in hegemony resurfaced in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis. The crisis triggered many scholars to proclaim the end of the era of American global hegemony. Scholars argued that the U.S. government’s attachment to a large budget and trade deficits and the resulting growth of foreign debt were likely to weaken foreign confidence in the dollar and encourage the shift to an alternative reserve currency such as the Euro. At the same time, China’s rapid industrialization and emergence as a large creditor nation was creating a new pole in the international economy that constituted a meaningful alternative to a global economy organized around the United States’ economy. Thus, a shift toward a Beijing hegemony was all but inevitable. The predicted decline of American hegemony has yet to materialize. The U.S. economy remains the world’s largest, and the U.S. government continues to play the leading role in system making—creating new rules to govern international economic cooperation—and in privilege taking—manipulating these rules in ways that advantage U.S. public and private sector actors. Moreover, the U.S. government plays this role in all three economic subsystems: finance, knowledge, and production. Empirical scholarship conducted over the last decade encourages one to conclude by paraphrasing Mark Twain: Recent reports of the death of American hegemony are premature.

scholarly journals Income Taxation and the Diversity of Consumer Goods: A Political Economy Approach*

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 960-993
Author(s):  
Renaud Bourlès ◽  
Michael T. Dorsch ◽  
Paul Maarek
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Income Taxation ◽  
Political Economy Approach

The Infancy of Solar-Type Stars and its Relevance for the Origin of Life

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 267-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Montmerle
Keyword(s):  
Main Sequence ◽  
Solar Nebula ◽  
Circumstellar Disks ◽  
T Tauri Stars ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Sequence Evolution ◽  
T Tauri ◽  
Solar Type ◽  
Optical Domain ◽  
The Origin Of Life

AbstractFor life to develop, planets are a necessary condition. Likewise, for planets to form, stars must be surrounded by circumstellar disks, at least some time during their pre-main sequence evolution. Much progress has been made recently in the study of young solar-like stars. In the optical domain, these stars are known as «T Tauri stars». A significant number show IR excess, and other phenomena indirectly suggesting the presence of circumstellar disks. The current wisdom is that there is an evolutionary sequence from protostars to T Tauri stars. This sequence is characterized by the initial presence of disks, with lifetimes ~ 1-10 Myr after the intial collapse of a dense envelope having given birth to a star. While they are present, about 30% of the disks have masses larger than the minimum solar nebula. Their disappearance may correspond to the growth of dust grains, followed by planetesimal and planet formation, but this is not yet demonstrated.

Universal ESEM

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 786-787
Author(s):  
G.D. Danilatos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Natural Extension ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Small Gain ◽  
Detection Medium ◽  
Scanning Electron

The environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) has evolved as the natural extension of the scanning electron microscope (SEM), both historically and technologically. ESEM allows the introduction of a gaseous environment in the specimen chamber, whereas SEM operates in vacuum. One of the detection systems in ESEM, namely, the gaseous detection device (GDD) is based on the presence of gas as a detection medium. This might be interpreted as a necessary condition for the ESEM to remain operational and, hence, one might have to change instruments for operation at low or high vacuum. Initially, we may maintain the presence of a conventional secondary electron (E-T) detector in a "stand-by" position to switch on when the vacuum becomes satisfactory for its operation. However, the "rough" or "low vacuum" range of pressure may still be considered as inaccessible by both the GDD and the E-T detector, because the former has presumably very small gain and the latter still breaks down.

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