scholarly journals The importance of research and development costs for strategic business competitiveness

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Petr Levchaev
Keyword(s):  
Business Value ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Business Competitiveness

In the modern economic system, the leadership belongs to companies that actively introduce innovations. This is all the more important for building the innovative structure of the Russian economy. It is innovative products that provide businesses with a leading position in the market and the largest share of added value in the medium and long term. In the future, this focus allows you to achieve growth in business value based on the formation of unique competitive advantages and capitalization of intangible assets (brands, goodwill, etc.)

On the Strategy of the Russian Economy Development

2007 ◽  
pp. 30-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Glazyev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Structural Degradation ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Growth Policy

The paper analyzes the present conditions of the Russian economy, existing and possible directions of its evolution in the context of global long-term development tendencies. Proceeding from the regularities of contemporary economic growth, the main problems and threats to the Russian economy development as well as the consequences of continuing tendencies of its structural degradation are assessed. A set of proposals for the formation of economic growth policy is substantiated. These proposals take into account the need to overcome existing disproportions and problems, possibilities of the activation of the competitive advantages and sources of growth.

scholarly journals Challenging Competition with CSR: Going Beyond the Marketing Mix to Make a Difference

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Shuili Du ◽  
Sankar Sen
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Business Value ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Price Promotions ◽  
Competitive Game ◽  
Market Leader ◽  
Societal Problems

Abstract Social initiatives that make a difference for the consumers are able to win consumers’ hearts and build close and lasting relationships. A program that offers real participation and goes beyond the standard marketing mix can therefore effectively reshape the competitive game with a market leader. Key consumer/societal problems present unprecedented opportunities for companies to gain long-term competitive advantages by creating both social and business value. We show how making a noticeable difference in the quality of oral health care of the children in Hispanic immigrant communities helped an American brand gain significant ground in this market. Rather than competing head-to-head against the market leader by making incremental improvements in product attributes or relying on price promotions, the challenging brand resorted to an innovative CSR initiative.

scholarly journals Structure of Technological Dynamics and Economic Growth of Russia

Federalism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 5-25
Author(s):  
O. S. Sukharev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Technological Effectiveness

The slowdown in Russia’s economic growth to the “covid crisis”, as well as the possibility of restoring growth and forming a new model of it, are associated with the need to overcome structural constraints. Moreover, the plans for the recovery of the Russian economy note the need not only for a stimulating macroeconomic policy, but also for the implementation of structural changes through technological renewal. However, technological modernization is highly dependent on the existing mode of technological development – the current and future demand for new technologies. The implementation of the country’s technological development strategy requires an assessment of the existing technological structure with a measurement of its reaction to ongoing investments in support of obsolete and emergence of new technologies. Different sectors of the economy and its regions, having a different set of technologies and their structure, show a different level of manufacturability, which is understood as the ratio of the volume of innovative to non-innovative products. The sensitivity of this parameter to investments in new and outdated technologies is also different, which cannot be taken into account in the formation of investment and technological development policies for both individual regions and Russia as a whole. Using structural and regression analysis, this study provides a picture of the structure of the technological Russian economy. It is shown that technological modernization also involves the movement of resources in the sectoral and regional context in order to eliminate structural and technological imbalances in development. Investment policy should be reduced not only to increasing investments, but also to managing their structure in conjunction with replacing old technologies in order to level and improve the overall manufacturability. This will require solving the promising problem of increasing the sensitivity of manufacturability to investments in new technologies. In the long term, this approach will make it possible to single out the modes of regional technological development, not only ranking regions in terms of sensitivity to new and old technologies, but also developing a selective set of regional policy measures.Keywords: “covid crisis”, economic growth, industrialization, investments, structural changes, structural dynamics, technologies, technological effectiveness of the regional economy.

scholarly journals Prospects of Forming a New Rail Freight Tariff System

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-219
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Level ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Rail Freight ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Tariff System ◽  
Freight Market

The rail freight market is one of the most important sectors of the Russian economy. From year to year there has been evidence of inefficiency of rail freight regulation rules: shippers prefer to use alternative types of transport for goods with high added value, decreasing revenues of OAO “RZD” (Russian Railways) and limiting its investment program. To create conditions for development, there have been discussions about directions of reforms needed in the rail freight sector. Market players like OAO “RZD”, the government, and shippers have been putting forward their own optimal market schemes, but mainly they are controversial. In this paper, the authors propose a vector for further development of an optimal rail freight market model, which would take into account interests of all market players. At the first stage, we evaluated elasticities of demand for rail freight transportation for different types of goods. At the second stage, we measured levels of rail freight tariffs in Russia and compared them with the theoretical optimal level according to the Ramsey rule. With maximum public welfare taken as the optimal criteria, directions for further development of tariff s for the medium to long term have been identified. According to our estimates, the present tariff system leads to 0.2% of GDP welfare being lost annually. The new tariff system would ensure a 4–6% increase in freight volumes by decreasing the average level of tariffs. This tariff system can be applied as part of rail freight regulation improvements.

scholarly journals COMPOSITION OF INVESTMENT IN INNOVATION PROCESSES

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
E. N. Kononova ◽  
A. N. Kazakova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Innovation Processes

The article analyzes long-term trends in innovation processes in the Russian economy. The dynamics of the share of innovation-active organizations, the share of innovative products, and costs for innovation in 2010-2019 was considered. The role of investment as a factor in the intensity of innovation processes was shown. Ranking of roadblocks against innovations was carried out based on the analysis of sociological surveys. The composition of investment in innovations by sources of financing and problems of their attraction in the economy of the Russian federation were revealed.

scholarly journals On the Model of Prognosis of Proceeds of Industrial Enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-263
Author(s):  
E.L. Pankratov
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
New Products ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Relevant Factors

In modern economic theory, scientific and technological progress considers as one of the relevant factors of long-term eco-nomic growth. The influence of scientific and technological progress on a particular sector of the economy appears in the creation of new products that have important competitive advantages over existing ones, or in the modification (modernization) of existing products. Often, new products based on new (innovative) technologies. However, technological superiority requires well-timed modernization of production and staff training, that is, significant financial and organizational investments. At the same time, the rejection of the transition to innovative technologies can lead to tangible losses in market positions or even to a complete cessa-tion of the organization. This model gives a possibility to make a prognosis of proceeds of enterprises with account changing of quantity of manufactured products, as well as various expenses (raw materials, transportation costs,...). An analytical approach for analyzing the influence of various parameters on the proceeds has been introduced.

scholarly journals Enterprise innovation development strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-318
Author(s):  
V. G. Lutchenko ◽  
A. I. Khorev ◽  
L. O. Zhitinskaya ◽  
N. M. Parshin ◽  
S. V. Ionov
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Enterprise Innovation ◽  
Long Term Forecasting ◽  
Goals And Objectives

In the innovative development of an enterprise, an important role should be played by the determination of methods for ensuring a long-term direction of development by choosing an algorithm of actions, that is, a sound strategy based on economic decisions, business approaches, ways of their implementation, and establishing relationships with other subsidiaries of the integrated structure. In conditions of tough competition in the markets, the only way to ensure competitive advantages for an enterprise can only be strategic management of innovative development, which is capable of providing long-term forecasting and implementation of the innovative goals and objectives set in the strategy. There are quite a few formulations and varieties of strategies for innovative development, among which the most characteristic types can be distinguished: offensive - typical for enterprises that base their activities on the principles of entrepreneurial competition and the creation of "breakthrough" innovations; defensive - aimed at maintaining competitive positions in existing markets; imitation - aimed at copying the consumer properties of innovations from other enterprises; “Niche” - aimed at adapting to narrow market segments with products with unique characteristics associated either with differentiation or with low costs. The mission of innovative development is formulated as follows: "The company guarantees its shareholders adherence to the innovative direction of development by developing and manufacturing high-quality innovative products that are not inferior to the best foreign models and generating high employee incomes, fulfilling obligations to society and profit to shareholders." Implementation of the strategy of innovative development should be reduced to constant monitoring of its implementation and adjustments, taking into account the changing external environment and internal conditions of the enterprise. This function at the analyzed enterprise is performed by the management of the enterprise, since its functions include not only the formulation of the strategy, but also the choice of methods for its implementation, as well as control and, if necessary, its adjustment.

scholarly journals THE SCALES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IMPLEMENTATION IN THE MODERN RUSSIAN ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
A. F. Vladimirova ◽  
I. B. Rodina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Mandatory Requirement ◽  
The World ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Russian Federation

The features and problems of using information technologies in the national economy of the Russian Federation have been analysed. It has been proved that the aforementioned technologies, acting as an urgent need and a mandatory requirement of modern state regulation of national business in the digital age, include various types of breakthrough technologies in the Russian economy, its production and social spheres, increasing their competitiveness, contributing to strengthening the country’s position in the world community in the long term. It is proved that these technologies are a chance for the national economy of Russia to take a leading position in the world ranking in the conditions of the country’s membership in the World Trade Organization. The purpose of the article is to explain the author’s position regarding the increase of the efficiency of the national economy of the Russian Federation as the result of the implementation of digital technologies in the business model of domestic enterprises.

scholarly journals Human integral assessment methodology capital of the region

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-380
Author(s):  
N. A. Serebryakova ◽  
S. A. Volkova ◽  
T. A. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Integral Assessment ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Integral Indicator

A methodology has been developed for assessing the region’s human capital based on the calculation of an integral indicator. The modern economic development trends, expressed in the activation of digitalization processes, are considered. The place of the Voronezh region in terms of digitalization among other regions is determined. The region occupies a leading position among the studied areas, but at the same time, further development in the direction of digitalization is necessary, since the region has the resources for higher rates of digitalization in the long term. Under the assumption that human capital plays a key role in the process of transformation of the modern economic system of the region, the authors propose a system of indicators for an integrated assessment of the human capital of the region. Indicators are united in enlarged groups (demographic, labor and educational, research, sociocultural). To calculate the integral indicator of the state of human capital in the region, the coefficients of significance of each of its components are determined. Significance factors were established using an expert method. Next, we calculated the weighted indicators for assessing the components of the region's human capital and the integral indicator. The calculations made it possible to determine the key components in the structure of indicators of human capital: labor and educational, which made it possible to orient the directions of development of human capital in the regions. Particular attention is paid to the development of the innovation sphere, which cannot be realized without the development of human capital. The results of empirical studies have confirmed the possibility of practical use of the developed methodology for assessing the human capital of the region, allowing to assess its condition and identify key areas of development.

Competitive Capacity and Modernization of the Russian Economy

2004 ◽  
pp. 4-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Yasin ◽  
A. Yakovlev
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Transition Economy ◽  
Adaptive Model ◽  
Russian Economy

Having analyzed the present state of the Russian economy the authors come to the conclusion that the only reasonable goal of its modernization is achieving high competitive capacity of production. External and internal competitive capacity is analysed in detail basing on broad statistics as well as competitive capacity of institutions and their changes, the adaptive model of transition economy. According to the authors implementation of competitive capacity policy as a national idea should take into account long-term perspective.

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