scholarly journals La actividad física y la estimulación prenatal en la etapa de gestación / Physical activity and prenatal stimulation udring pregnancy

Ciencia Unemi ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Orlando Romero Ibarra ◽  
Jhonny Olivo Solis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
Prenatal Exercise ◽  
The Ideal

El 75% es genético pero el 25% depende de la estimulación y la experiencia. En esta investigación de tipo no experimental, transversal, descriptivo y de campo, se encuestó a 35 mujeres en estado de gestación de la Maternidad Enrique Sotomayor de Guayaquil, a 7 médicos Obstetras del hospital antes mencionado y del Hospital Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social, IESS-Durán, Hospital León Becerra de Milagro y Centro de Salud de la parroquia Cone del cantón Yaguachi, Ecuador. Además, a 15 instructores de gimnasios que a su vez son docentes en el área Cultura Física, con el fin de establecer en la mujer gestante el grado de conocimiento y participación en actividades de ejercicios prenatales y a los profesionales la manera idónea de trabajar en el área de estimulación prenatal, las ventajas o desventajas de esta actividad. Se evidenció que el 77,14% de las mujeres gestantes encuestadas nunca han participado en este tipo de actividades a pesar que el 51,42% conoce que siempre se debería practicar esta actividad física aun estando en estado de embarazo. AbstractIt has been proved scientifically that prenatal stimulation promotes the development and maturation of the nervous system. While 75% of development is genetic, 25% depends on stimulation and experience. This research, which is non-experimental, transversal, descriptive and involves a field study. Thirty-five pregnant women in the Enrique Sotomayor Hospital in Guayaquil were interviewed along with seven obstetricians of the aforesaid hospital and the Hospital of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security (IESS) in Durán, the León Becerra Hospital in Milagro and the Health Center in the parish of Cone in the canton of Yaguachi, Ecuador. Fifteen gym instructors who are teaching Physical Culture in the area were also interviewed. The aim was to establish the pregnant woman’s level of knowledge and participation in prenatal exercise and professional ideas regarding the ideal way to work in the area of prenatal stimulation and the advantages or disadvantages of this activity. The results showed that 77.14% of pregnant women surveyed have never participated in these activities despite the fact that 51.42% were aware that they should always practice this type of exercise even when heavily pregnant.

scholarly journals The ‘new normal’ includes online prenatal exercise: Exploring pregnant women’s experiences during the pandemic and the role of virtual group fitness on maternal mental health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Silva-Jose ◽  
Taniya S Nagpal ◽  
Javier Coterón ◽  
Ruben Barakat ◽  
Michelle F Mottola
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Group Exercise ◽  
Exercise Classes ◽  
Prenatal Exercise ◽  
Online Group

Abstract Background: Prenatal anxiety and depressive symptoms have significantly increased since the onset of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Furthermore, home confinement regulations have caused a drastic increase in time spent sedentary. Online group fitness classes may be an effective strategy that can increase maternal physical activity and improve mental health outcomes by providing an opportunity for social connectedness. The present study explores the experiences of pregnant women who participated in an online group exercise program during the pandemic and identifies relationships with maternal mental health and well-being. In addition, we present person-informed recommendations on how to improve the delivery of future online prenatal exercise programs.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with pregnant women (8-39 weeks of pregnancy) who participated in an online group exercise program, from March to October 2020 in Spain. A phenomenological approach was taken, and open-ended questions were asked to understand women’s experiences throughout the pandemic and the role the online exercise classes may have had on their physical activity levels, mental health, and other health behaviours such as diet. A thematic analysis was performed to evaluate data. In addition, women completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and these data supplemented qualitative findings. Results: Twenty-four women were interviewed, and the average STAI score was 32.23 ± 9.31, ranging from low to moderate anxiety. Thematic analysis revealed that women felt safe exercising from home, an increased availability of time to schedule a structured exercise class, and consequently an improvement in their adherence to the program and other behaviours (i.e., healthier diet). Women emphasized feeling connected to other pregnant women when they exercised online together, and overall, this had a positive effect on their mental well-being. Women suggested that future online exercise programs should include flexible options, detailed instructions and facilitation by a qualified exercise professional.Conclusion: Pregnant women are receptive to online group exercise classes and expressed that these are an accessible option to accommodating physical activity during the pandemic. In addition, the online group environment provides an important sense of connectivity among pregnant women exercising together and this may mitigate the detrimental effect of COVID-19 on maternal mental health.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Programs during Pregnancy Are Effective for the Control of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6151 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera ◽  
María Gallardo-Bravo ◽  
Joseba Aingerun Rabanales-Sotos ◽  
Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca ◽  
Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Sufficient Intensity ◽  
Type Of Exercise

Gestational diabetes mellitus has an incidence of 14% worldwide and nursing is responsible for its monitoring during pregnancy. Excessive weight gain during pregnancy is directly related to gestational diabetes mellitus development. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has negative repercussions on the evolution of the pregnancy and the fetus. The objective of this systematic review is to establish how physical activity influences pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and to analyze what benefits physical activity has in the control of gestational diabetes mellitus. A systematic search was carried out in different databases (Cochrane, Superior Council of Scientific Investigations (CSIC), EBSCOhost, Pubmed, Scopus, Web os Science, and Proquest) for papers published within the last 12 years, taking into account different inclusion and exclusion criteria. Six randomized controlled studies and one observational case-control study of a high quality were selected. Fasting, postprandial glucose and HbcA1 were assessed, as well as the requirement and amount of insulin used. Thus, there is a positive relationship between the performance of physical activity and the control of gestational diabetes mellitus. Resistance, aerobic exercise, or a combination of both are effective for the control of glucose, HbcA1, and insulin. Due to the variability of the exercises of the analyzed studies and the variability of the shape of the different pregnant women, it does not permit the recommendation of a particular type of exercise. However, any type of physical activity of sufficient intensity and duration can have benefits for pregnant women with GDM. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus should exercise for at least 20–50 min a minimum of 2 times a week with at a least moderate intensity.

Prenatal exercise for the prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (21) ◽  
pp. 1367-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margie H Davenport ◽  
Stephanie-May Ruchat ◽  
Veronica J Poitras ◽  
Alejandra Jaramillo Garcia ◽  
Casey E Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
Prenatal Exercise ◽  
Frequency Intensity

ObjectiveGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), gestational hypertension (GH) and pre-eclampsia (PE) are associated with short and long-term health issues for mother and child; prevention of these complications is critically important. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationships between prenatal exercise and GDM, GH and PE.DesignSystematic review with random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression.Data sourcesOnline databases were searched up to 6 January 2017.Study eligibility criteriaStudies of all designs were included (except case studies) if published in English, Spanish or French, and contained information on the Population (pregnant women without contraindication to exercise), Intervention (subjective or objective measures of frequency, intensity, duration, volume or type of exercise, alone [“exercise-only”] or in combination with other intervention components [e.g., dietary; “exercise + co-intervention”]), Comparator (no exercise or different frequency, intensity, duration, volume and type of exercise) and Outcomes (GDM, GH, PE).ResultsA total of 106 studies (n=273 182) were included. ‘Moderate’ to ‘high’-quality evidence from randomised controlled trials revealed that exercise-only interventions, but not exercise+cointerventions, reduced odds of GDM (n=6934; OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.75), GH (n=5316; OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.85) and PE (n=3322; OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.9) compared with no exercise. To achieve at least a 25% reduction in the odds of developing GDM, PE and GH, pregnant women need to accumulate at least 600 MET-min/week of moderate-intensity exercise (eg, 140 min of brisk walking, water aerobics, stationary cycling or resistance training).Summary/conclusionsIn conclusion, exercise-only interventions were effective at lowering the odds of developing GDM, GH and PE.

scholarly journals The Influence of speed-power abilities on the intellectual abilities of school children with different strength of the nervous system

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 2072-2074
Author(s):  
Polevoy G.G.
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
School Children ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim is to determine the effect of speed and strength training on the intellectual abilities of children aged 13-14 years, taking into account the strength of their nervous system. Methods: the pedagogical experiment took place in a school (Kirov, Russia) and lasted for 3 months. The study involved 40 children aged 13-14 years, who studied in the 7th grade. Children from the control group were engaged in the usual physical education program at school. Children from the experimental group were engaged in the usual program, but additionally performed exercises to develop speed and strength abilities. The load was differentiated taking into account the strength of the schoolchildren nervous system. The tapping test determined the strength of the schoolchildren nervous system. "Choose unnecessary" determined the indicators of intellectual abilities of schoolchildren. Results: after the study, the indicators in all subgroups improved, but in different ways. In schoolchildren with a strong nervous system in CG, the indicators of intellectual abilities improved from 7.1±1.1 to 7.5±1.0, the increase in indicators was only 6%. In children with a weak nervous system, the indicators improved from 7.5±1.0 to 8.1±1.0, and the increase in intellectual abilities was 8%. At the same time, the results in the EG in both subgroups were much more significant. Thus, in children with a strong nervous system, the indicators improved from 7.4±0.7 to 8.5±0.8, an increase of 17%. And in children with a strong nervous system, the indicators improved from 7.7±1.2 to 9.2±1.4, an increase of 20%. Conclusion: the indicators of intellectual abilities of schoolchildren aged 13-14 years will improve if they perform physical exercises aimed at developing speed and strength abilities at each physical culture lesson at school. At the same time, the physical activity for children with a strong and weak nervous system should be differentiated according to the process of arousal. Keywords: health, speed abilities, schoolchildren, physical development.

scholarly journals Exercise for the prevention and treatment of low back, pelvic girdle and lumbopelvic pain during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margie H Davenport ◽  
Andree-Anne Marchand ◽  
Michelle F Mottola ◽  
Veronica J Poitras ◽  
Casey E Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pelvic Girdle ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Moderate Quality ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
Prenatal Exercise ◽  
Quality Evidence

ObjectiveThe purpose of this review was to investigate the relationship between prenatal exercise, and low back (LBP), pelvic girdle (PGP) and lumbopelvic (LBPP) pain.DesignSystematic review with random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression.Data sourcesOnline databases were searched up to 6 January 2017.Study eligibility criteriaStudies of all designs were eligible (except case studies and reviews) if they were published in English, Spanish or French, and contained information on the population (pregnant women without contraindication to exercise), intervention (subjective or objective measures of frequency, intensity, duration, volume or type of exercise, alone [“exercise-only”] or in combination with other intervention components [eg, dietary; “exercise + co-intervention”]), comparator (no exercise or different frequency, intensity, duration, volume and type of exercise) and outcome (prevalence and symptom severity of LBP, PGP and LBPP).ResultsThe analyses included data from 32 studies (n=52 297 pregnant women). ‘Very low’ to ‘moderate’ quality evidence from 13 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) showed prenatal exercise did not reduce the odds of suffering from LBP, PGP and LBPP either in pregnancy or the postpartum period. However, ‘very low’ to ‘moderate’ quality evidence from 15 RCTs identified lower pain severity during pregnancy and the early postpartum period in women who exercised during pregnancy (standardised mean difference −1.03, 95% CI −1.58, –0.48) compared with those who did not exercise. These findings were supported by ‘very low’ quality evidence from other study designs.ConclusionCompared with not exercising, prenatal exercise decreased the severity of LBP, PGP or LBPP during and following pregnancy but did not decrease the odds of any of these conditions at any time point.

Summary of Guidelines for Exercise in Pregnancy–are they Comprehensive Enough for Designing the Contents of a Prenatal Exercise Program?

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Szumilewicz ◽  
Aneta Worska ◽  
Natalia Rajkowska ◽  
Rita Santos-Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Official Position ◽  
Exercise In Pregnancy ◽  
Prenatal Exercise ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Regular physical activity during pregnancy has a positive effect on the psychophysical condition of the pregnant woman, pregnancy and fetal development, parturition and the postpartum period. However, its level in pregnant women is insufficient in most countries. For an exercise program to be effective it must take into account four training components: intensity, frequency, duration and its content - through a proper selection of the type of exercises and their technique. In this work we aimed to answer the question what information on the contents of prenatal exercises is provided in the current guidelines for exercise during pregnancy in different countries. Methods and Results: We have analyzed 11 documents, that were the official position of national obstetrics, gynecology, or sports medicine institutions from 7 countries. The guidelines provide little information on the contents of prenatal exercise and on the adaptation of sports activities to pregnancy. Conclusions: The guidelines for exercise in pregnancy should be updated based on high-quality research and in collaboration with practitioners in the field of prenatal physical activity, which could increase the chances of their implementation. Trustworthy and comprehensive guidelines created on the basis of international and interdisciplinary initiatives should be disseminated among all interested in prenatal physical activity: pregnant women and their families, obstetrics care providers and exercise professionals to enable them an effective cooperation and to globally promote exercise in pregnancy.

Prenatal exercise is not associated with fetal mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margie H Davenport ◽  
Amariah J Kathol ◽  
Michelle F Mottola ◽  
Rachel J Skow ◽  
Victoria L Meah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Fetal Mortality ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prenatal Exercise ◽  
Frequency Intensity

ObjectiveTo perform a systematic review of the relationship between prenatal exercise and fetal or newborn death.DesignSystematic review with random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression.Data sourcesOnline databases were searched up to 6 January 2017.Study eligibility criteriaStudies of all designs were included (except case studies) if they were published in English, Spanish or French and contained information on the population (pregnant women without contraindication to exercise), intervention (subjective or objective measures of frequency, intensity, duration, volume or type of exercise, alone [“exercise-only”] or in combination with other intervention components [eg, dietary; “exercise + co-intervention”]), comparator (no exercise or different frequency, intensity, duration, volume and type of exercise) and outcome (miscarriage or perinatal mortality).ResultsForty-six studies (n=2 66 778) were included. There was ‘very low’ quality evidence suggesting no increased odds of miscarriage (23 studies, n=7125 women; OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.21, I2=0%) or perinatal mortality (13 studies, n=6837 women, OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.49 to 1.52, I2=0%) in pregnant women who exercised compared with those who did not. Stratification by subgroups did not affect odds of miscarriage or perinatal mortality. The meta-regressions identified no associations between volume, intensity or frequency of exercise and fetal or newborn death. As the majority of included studies examined the impact of moderate intensity exercise to a maximum duration of 60 min, we cannot comment on the effect of longer periods of exercise.Summary/conclusionsAlthough the evidence in this field is of ‘very low’ quality, it suggests that prenatal exercise is not associated with increased odds of miscarriage or perinatal mortality. In plain terms, this suggests that generally speaking exercise is ‘safe’ with respect to miscarriage and perinatal mortality.

scholarly journals Why can’t I exercise during pregnancy? Time to revisit medical ‘absolute’ and ‘relative’ contraindications: systematic review of evidence of harm and a call to action

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (23) ◽  
pp. 1395-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria L Meah ◽  
Gregory A Davies ◽  
Margie H Davenport
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Activity Restriction ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Prenatal Exercise

BackgroundClinical guidelines recommend pregnant women without contraindication engage in regular physical activity. This is based on extensive evidence demonstrating the safety and benefits of prenatal exercise. However, certain medical conditions or contraindications warrant a reduction, modification or cessation of activity due to potential health risks.AimTo review and evaluate the evidence related to medical disorders which may warrant contraindication to prenatal exercise.MethodsOnline databases were searched up to 5 April 2019. Forty-four unique studies that reported data on our Population (pregnant women with contraindication to exercise), Intervention (subjective/objective measures of acute or chronic exercise), Comparator (not essential) and Outcomes (adverse maternal or fetal outcomes) were included in the review.Key findingsWe found that the majority of medical conditions listed as contraindications were based on expert opinion; there is minimal empirical evidence to demonstrate harm of exercise and benefit of activity restriction. We identified 11 complications (eg, gestational hypertension, twin pregnancy) previously classified as contraindications where women may in fact benefit from regular prenatal physical activity with or without modifications. However, the evidence suggests that severe cardiorespiratory disease, placental abruption, vasa previa, uncontrolled type 1 diabetes, intrauterine growth restriction, active preterm labour, severe pre-eclampsia and cervical insufficiency are associated with strong potential for maternal/fetal harm and warrant classification as absolute contraindications.ConclusionBased on empirical evidence, we provide a call to re-evaluate clinical guidelines related to medical disorders that have previously been considered contraindications to prenatal exercise. Removing barriers to physical activity during pregnancy for women with certain medical conditions may in fact be beneficial for maternal–fetal health outcomes.

Impact of prenatal exercise on both prenatal and postnatal anxiety and depressive symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (21) ◽  
pp. 1376-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margie H Davenport ◽  
Ashley P McCurdy ◽  
Michelle F Mottola ◽  
Rachel J Skow ◽  
Victoria L Meah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prenatal Depression ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
Prenatal Exercise ◽  
Frequency Intensity

ObjectiveTo examine the influence of prenatal exercise on depression and anxiety during pregnancy and the postpartum period.DesignSystematic review with random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression.Data sourcesOnline databases were searched up to 6 January 2017.Study eligibility criteriaStudies of all designs were included (except case studies) if they were published in English, Spanish or French and contained information on the Population (pregnant women without contraindication to exercise), Intervention (subjective or objective measures of frequency, intensity, duration, volume or type of exercise), Comparator (no exercise or different frequency, intensity, duration, volume and type of exercise) and Outcome (prenatal or postnatal depression or anxiety).ResultsA total of 52 studies (n=131 406) were included. ‘Moderate’ quality evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) revealed that exercise-only interventions, but not exercise+cointerventions, reduced the severity of prenatal depressive symptoms (13 RCTs, n=1076; standardised mean difference: −0.38, 95% CI −0.51 to –0.25, I2=10%) and the odds of prenatal depression by 67% (5 RCTs, n=683; OR: 0.33, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.53, I2=0%) compared with no exercise. Prenatal exercise did not alter the odds of postpartum depression or the severity of depressive symptoms, nor anxiety or anxiety symptoms during or following pregnancy. To achieve at least a moderate effect size in the reduction of the severity of prenatal depressive symptoms, pregnant women needed to accumulate at least 644 MET-min/week of exercise (eg, 150 min of moderate intensity exercise, such as brisk walking, water aerobics, stationary cycling, resistance training).Summary/ConclusionsPrenatal exercise reduced the odds and severity of prenatal depression.

Predictors of Physical Activity in Pregnant Women

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolores T. Cannella ◽  
Marci Lobel ◽  
Alan G. Monheit
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women
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