scholarly journals Keragaman genetik ikan lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) di wilayah perairan Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Diah Hendiari ◽  
Aida Sartimbul ◽  
I Wayan Arthana ◽  
Gde Raka Angga Kartika
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Value Of Information ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Diversity

Ikan Lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) merupakan komoditas perikanan pelagis yang sangat bernilai ekonomis dikalangan masyarakat Indonesia. Ikan Lemuru memiliki kelebihan yaitu keberadaannya yang berlimpah di perairan lau Indonesia, harganya yang sangat murah serta kandungan omega-3 yang sangat baik untuk tubuh. Kebutuhan akan ikan lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) yang tinggi menyebabkan tingginya angka penangkapan komoditas ini di perairain, sehingga dapat menyebabkan resiko penurunan jumlah populasi dialam. Pengelolaan yang tepat pada komoditas ini tentunya diperlukan akan dapat meminimalisir resiko yang dapat terjadi. Pengelolaan akan dapat terlaksana dengan tepat apabila berdasarkan atas data informasi yang memadai, salah satunya adalah informasi mengenai keragaman genetiknya. Kajian ini mengumpulkan pustaka dari penelitian terdahulu mengenai keragaman genetik ikan lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) di Wilayah Perairan Indonesia untuk dapat memberikan gambaran mengenai keragaman Ikan Lemuru dari segi genetiknya. Nilai keragaman genetik dilihat dari nilai keragaman haplotipe (Hd) karena keduanya memiliki kolerasi yang positif untuk menggambarkan keragaman genetik dari suatu komoditas. Hasil kajian memperlihatkan nilai keragaman genetik ikan lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) di Wilayah Perairan Indonesia memiliki nilai yang termasuk kategori tinggi. Hasil ini menggambarkan bahwa ditengah tingginya kegiatan penangkapan, ikan lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) secara genetik masih memiliki keragaman yang tinggi sehingga dimungkinkan komoditas Ikan Lemuru memiliki adaptasi yang tinggi terhadap kondisi lingkungan.Kata kunci: Sardinella lemuru, keragaman genetik, keragaman haplotipe Sardinella lemuru is pelagic commodities that have economic values for the Indonesian. S. lemuru has some of the major advantages, such as much population on Indonesian marine, low price, and has Omega-3 for the human body. The high demands of Lemuru Fish cause a high rate of cached, that can cause the risk of population degradation. Proper management of these commodities are needed to decrease the risk impact, that can be done rightly based on the equal value of information, and one of them is genetic diversity. This research compiles the recent researches about the genetic diversity of the Sardinella lemuru in Indonesian to get the explanation about Lemuru Fish diversity. The value of genetic diversity observed is based on the diversity value of Haplotype (Hd), because these two values have a positive correlation to make a whole representation from a commodity. The results of this review show that the genetic diversity of Lemuru Fish on Indonesian marine territorial has the high-value category. These results explain that in the high activities of fishing, Lemuru Fish genetically still have a high diversity that leads to the conclusion Lemuru Fish commodities has a high-level ability to adapt from environmental conditions.Keywords: Sardinella lemuru; genetic diversity; haplotype diversity 

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in the mtDNA control region and population structure of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus from selected Nigerian rivers: Implications for conservation and aquaculture

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvanus A. Nwafili ◽  
Tian-Xiang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Control Region ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Mitochondrial Control Region ◽  
Recent Population Expansion ◽  
Base Pair Fragment ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
High Level

Abstract The genetic diversity and population structure of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus were evaluated using a 443 base pair fragment of the mitochondrial control region. Among the eight populations collected comprising 129 individuals, a total of 89 polymorphic sites defined 57 distinct haplotypes. The mean haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the eight populations were 0.966±0.006 and 0.0359±0.004, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance showed significant genetic differentiation among the eight populations (FST =0.34; P < 0.01). The present results revealed that C. nigrodigitatus populations had a high level of genetic diversity and distinct population structures. We report the existence of two monophyletic matrilineal lineages with mean genetic distance of 10.5% between them. Non-significant negative Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs for more than half the populations suggests that the wild populations of C. nigrodigitatus underwent a recent population expansion, although a weak one since the late Pleistocene.

Mitochondrial DNA study of Mongolian horses

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Bolor-Oyut B ◽  
Ochirkhuyag B ◽  
Khulan J
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
Maternal Inheritance ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Evolutionary Studies ◽  
High Level

Studies of population genetic diversity is important research field in conservation and restoration of animal breeds and genetic resources. The control region of mitochondrial DNA is widely used for population and evolutionary studies because of its‘ maternal inheritance and high level of sequence variation as well as its‘ much less recombination rate. To determine genetic diversity and maternal inheritance, we collected 10 blood samples of Tes horses from Zavkhan, Mongolia. In this study, 8 haplotypes and 44 polymorphic sites were detected. Haplotype diversity was 0.9333 and nucleotide diversity was 0.0224. 4 haplogroups (A, C, F, I) were identified among 8 haplotypes.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Among Alternaria solani Isolates from Potatoes in South Africa

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (9) ◽  
pp. 959-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquie E. van der Waals ◽  
Lise Korsten ◽  
Bernard Slippers
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Distance Analysis ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Diversity

Genetic diversity among isolates of Alternaria solani, the causal agent of early blight of potato, from various potato-growing regions in South Africa (SA), was determined using virulence assays, vegetative compatibility (VC) tests, and random amplified microsatellite (RAMS) primers. The virulence assays showed low virulence levels for the largest part of the population, but failed to otherwise characterize the population diversity. The VC tests revealed 19 VC groups (VCGs), indicating a relatively high level of diversity among the isolates. There was little correlation between geographic origin of isolates and VCGs. Analysis of RAMS profiles revealed 27% genetic diversity among 46 isolates. This value is relatively high for an asexually reproducing fungus, but is similar to values obtained previously by authors studying A. solani. Distance analysis of the RAMS profiles also provided no evidence for geographical clustering of isolates. VCG and RAMS profiles indicated that isolates are randomly spread across SA. This fact, together with the high diversity of A. solani in SA, indicates that the fungus has a high potential to adapt to resistant cultivars or fungicides. This information can aid in the breeding and deployment of A. solani-resistant potato varieties, and in early blight disease management in SA.

scholarly journals MITOCHONDRIAL DNA STUDY OF MONGOLIAN EQUUS CABALLUS

2018 ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Bolor-Oyut B ◽  
Ochirkhuyag B ◽  
Khulan J
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Control Region ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Control Region ◽  
Evolutionary Studies ◽  
High Level

In order to assess the genetic diversity and maternal lineages of Mongolian native horse populations, we examined using mitochondrial DNA control region sequence analyses. The control region of mitochondrial DNA is widely used for population and evolutionary studies because of its high level of sequence variation, in addition to a lack of recombination and maternal heritance. To determine genetic diversity and maternal heritance, we collected 19 blood samples of Darhad horses from Khuvsgul, Tes horses from Zavkhan and Taij horses from Dundgobi, Mongolia.In this study, 16 haplotypes and 51 polymorphic sites were detected. Haplotype diversity was 0.9766 and nucleotide diversity was 0.0212 in Mongolian native horses. Finally, 5 horse haplogroups (A, C, D, F, I) were identified in 16 haplotypes in this study.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial DNA control region diversity in Common Terns Sterna hirundo from Slovenia and Croatia

Acrocephalus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (180-181) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Ida Svetličić ◽  
Jelena Kralj ◽  
Miloš Martinović ◽  
Davorin Tome ◽  
Tilen Basle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Control Region ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Control Region ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Common Tern ◽  
Sterna Hirundo ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Control Region ◽  
High Level

Abstract63 Common Tern Sterna hirundo samples from Croatia and Slovenia were analysed with respect to their genetic diversity and differentiation. Samples originated from two freshwater populations (areas of the rivers Sava and Drava) and one coastal population (Sečovlje Salina). The molecular marker of choice was 709 bp long fragment of the mitochondrial control region, the fastest-evolving part of the mitochondrial genome. 21 haplotypes with 12 polymorphic sites were identified. Overall haplotype diversity was substantial and estimated at 0.8599, while the overall nucleotide diversity was low and estimated at 0.0025. Diversity indices were highest for the Drava population, followed by the Sava and the lowest for the Sečovlje population. Overall genetic structure was significantly low (Fst=0.0377) and attributed to the differences in haplotype frequencies between the populations. The high level of genetic diversity found in continental populations illustrates the importance of their habitats as reservoirs of genetic diversity and calls for their further protection and management.

scholarly journals Infection rate and genetic diversity of Giardia duodenalis assemblage C in Iranian stray dogs, targeting the glutamate dehydrogenase gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-425
Author(s):  
Asghar Fazaeli ◽  
Mohammad Hasan Kohansal ◽  
Adel Spotin ◽  
Ali Haniloo ◽  
Abbasali Nourian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Glutamate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Dehydrogenase Gene ◽  
Northwest Iran ◽  
High Level ◽  
Enteric Protozoan

Background and Aim: Giardia duodenalis is one of the most common enteric protozoan parasites in vertebrates, such as humans, domestic and wild animals, causing giardiasis. To the best of our knowledge, little is known about the genetic diversity of G. duodenalis assemblages. This study aimed to identify genetic diversity of G. duodenalis assemblages in Iranian stray dogs. Materials and Methods: A total of 450 fecal samples were collected from 2015 to 2016 from stray dogs of Northwest Iran. All specimens were observed microscopically following concentration and flotation techniques. Subsequently, DNA samples were extracted, amplified, and sequenced targeting the glutamate dehydrogenase gene. Results: The overall prevalence of G. duodenalis in infected dogs was estimated at 1.6%, based on microscopic and molecular diagnoses. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses indicated a high level of genetic diversity of assemblage C (haplotype diversity; 0.802). Conclusion: The pairwise sequence distances between the identified isolates of assemblage C showed an intradiversity of 0.3%-1.3% and identity of 98.7%-100%. Current findings indicate that a significant genetic diversity of G. duodenalis assemblage C haplotypes is unequivocally circulates among stray dogs in Northwest Iran.

scholarly journals Polymorphisms of Mitochondrial COII and16S rRNA Gene in Meloidogyne enterolobii on Mulberry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hudie Shao ◽  
Pan Zhang ◽  
Chunping You ◽  
Chuanren LI ◽  
Yan Feng
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Meloidogyne Enterolobii ◽  
High Level ◽  
Network Mapping ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit Ii

Abstract This study explores the genetic diversity and polymorphisms of Meloidogdyne enterolobii (M enterolobii) on mulberry in China. The sequence of cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) and 16S rRNA gene in M enterolobii populations in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hunan Provinces were PCR-amplified, sequenced, and analyzed for genetic diversity. The haplotypes (Hap) numbers, the total number of mutations, the average number of nucleotide differences (K), haplotype diversity (Hd), and nucleotide diversity (π) of mtCOII gene were 14, 25, 3.563, 0.942 and 0.00429, respectively. The significant differences in Fst value (0.125) and a high level of gene flow (2.83) were detected among the 19 M enterolobii populations. High genetic variation within each population and a small genetic distance among populations was observed. Both phylogenetic analyses and network mapping of the 14 haplotypes revealed a dispersed distribution pattern of the 19 M enterolobii populations. There was an absence of branches strictly corresponding to the 19 range sampling sites. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that the genetic differentiation of M enterolobii populations was mainly contributed by the variation within each of the defined geographical groups. No significant correlation was found between the genetic distance and geographical distance of 19 M enterolobii populations. This study provides theoretical basis for the future control of M enterolobii and also provides a guarantee for the production of other hosts of M enterolobii.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Enteric Viruses in Children under Five Years Old in Gabon

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Gédéon Prince Manouana ◽  
Paul Alvyn Nguema-Moure ◽  
Mirabeau Mbong Ngwese ◽  
C.-Thomas Bock ◽  
Peter G. Kremsner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Pcr Techniques ◽  
High Diversity

Enteric viruses are the leading cause of diarrhea in children globally. Identifying viral agents and understanding their genetic diversity could help to develop effective preventive measures. This study aimed to determine the detection rate and genetic diversity of four enteric viruses in Gabonese children aged below five years. Stool samples from children <5 years with (n = 177) and without (n = 67) diarrhea were collected from April 2018 to November 2019. Norovirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, and aichivirus A were identified using PCR techniques followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. At least one viral agent was identified in 23.2% and 14.9% of the symptomatic and asymptomatic participants, respectively. Norovirus (14.7%) and astrovirus (7.3%) were the most prevalent in children with diarrhea, whereas in the healthy group norovirus (9%) followed by the first reported aichivirus A in Gabon (6%) were predominant. The predominant norovirus genogroup was GII, consisting mostly of genotype GII.P31-GII.4 Sydney. Phylogenetic analysis of the 3CD region of the aichivirus A genome revealed the presence of two genotypes (A and C) in the study cohort. Astrovirus and sapovirus showed a high diversity, with five different astrovirus genotypes and four sapovirus genotypes, respectively. Our findings give new insights into the circulation and genetic diversity of enteric viruses in Gabonese children.

Assessment of genetic variability amongst cultivated populations of Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) detected by ISSR

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Karishma Kashyap ◽  
Rasika M. Bhagwat ◽  
Sofia Banu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Brahmaputra Valley ◽  
Indian Food ◽  
Cultivated Populations ◽  
High Level

Abstract Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) is a commercial mandarin variety grown in northeast India and one of the 175 Indian food items included in the global first food atlas. The cultivated plantations of Khasi mandarin grown prominently in the lower Brahmaputra valley of Assam, northeast India, have been genetically eroded. The lack in the efforts for conservation of genetic variability in this mandarin variety prompted diversity analysis of Khasi mandarin germplasm across the region. Thus, the study aimed to investigate genetic diversity and partitioning of the genetic variations within and among 92 populations of Khasi mandarin collected from 10 cultivated sites in Kamrup and Kamrup (M) districts of Assam, India, using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. The amplification of genomic DNA with 17 ISSR primers yielded 216 scorable DNA amplicons of which 177 (81.94%) were polymorphic. The average polymorphism information content was 0.39 per primer. The total genetic diversity (HT = 0.28 ± 0.03) was close to the diversity within the population (HS = 0.20 ± 0.01). A high mean coefficient of gene differentiation (GST = 0.29) reflected a high level of gene flow (Nm = 1.22), indicating high genetic differentiation among the populations. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed 78% of intra-population differentiation, 21% among the population and 1% among the districts. The obtained results indicate the existence of a high level of genetic diversity in the cultivated Khasi mandarin populations, indicating the need for preservation of each existing population to revive the dying out orchards in northeast India.

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