scholarly journals Welfare Index of Migrant Workers: The Case of Qatar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdoulaye Diop ◽  
Semsia Al-Ali Mustafa ◽  
Michael Ewers ◽  
Trung Kien Le
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Guest Workers ◽  
Labor Laws ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Welfare Index ◽  
The Impact

In December 2010, Qatar won the rights to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup. The announcement came with increasing pressure from international human rights organizations, media and other groups for Qatar to reform its labor laws, which governs the lives and working conditions of foreign workers in the country. Although Qatar continues to develop and implement major reforms to its labor laws, until now there was no one unique tool based on survey data to evaluate the impact of the government’s policies on guest workers. The objective of this paper is to present the Qatar Guest Workers’ Welfare Index (GWWI), a multi-dimensional comprehensive tool based on survey data of migrant workers developed by the Social and Economic Survey Research Institute (SESRI). In addition to assessing and tracking the welfare of this population, the objective of the index is to identify areas of improvement to guide policy formulation.

scholarly journals Improving maternal health services through social accountability interventions in Nepal: an analytical review of existing literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adweeti Nepal ◽  
Santa Kumar Dangol ◽  
Anke van der Kwaak
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health System ◽  
Maternal Health Services ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Social Accountability ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The persistent quality gap in maternal health services in Nepal has resulted in poor maternal health outcomes. Accordingly, the Government of Nepal (GoN) has placed emphasis on responsive and accountable maternal health services and initiated social accountability interventions as a strategical approach simultaneously. This review critically explores the social accountability interventions in maternal health services in Nepal and its outcomes by analyzing existing evidence to contribute to the informed policy formulation process. Methods A literature review and desk study undertaken between December 2018 and May 2019. An adapted framework of social accountability by Lodenstein et al. was used for critical analysis of the existing literature between January 2000 and May 2019 from Nepal and other low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) that have similar operational context to Nepal. The literature was searched and extracted from database such as PubMed and ScienceDirect, and web search engines such as Google Scholar using defined keywords. Results The study found various social accountability interventions that have been initiated by GoN and external development partners in maternal health services in Nepal. Evidence from Nepal and other LMICs showed that the social accountability interventions improved the quality of maternal health services by improving health system responsiveness, enhancing community ownership, addressing inequalities and enabling the community to influence the policy decision-making process. Strong gender norms, caste-hierarchy system, socio-political and economic context and weak enforceability mechanism in the health system are found to be the major contextual factors influencing community engagement in social accountability interventions in Nepal. Conclusions Social accountability interventions have potential to improve the quality of maternal health services in Nepal. The critical factor for successful outcomes in maternal health services is quality implementation of interventions. Similarly, continuous effort is needed from policymakers to strengthen monitoring and regulatory mechanism of the health system and decentralization process, to improve access to the information and to establish proper complaints and feedback system from the community to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of the interventions. Furthermore, more study needs to be conducted to evaluate the impact of the existing social accountability interventions in improving maternal health services in Nepal.

scholarly journals Key Policy Challenge : Social Security for Migrant Workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Anita Kristiana ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Labor Protection ◽  
International Policy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
Policy Challenge ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

The purpose of this paper is to analyze various key policy approaches to extending social security to migrant workers. This paper reviews the social security system for migrant workers. It then attempts to policy approach for analysis. Finding this paper is to explore the impact of national and international policy and also social security agreements. The potential impact of the ratification of ILO and UN conventions on migrant workers, which ensure basic social and labor protection. The paper offers insight into the issue of some key policy challenges for the future, including for improved a fits design of social security.

scholarly journals A Study on Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sectors of Indian Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

COVID-19 emerged in China in December. The World Health Organization declares this virus as Global Disaster in March. The coronavirus has affected the social, economic, political dimensions of the nations globally. In this study, the authors consider the impact of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) on the different activities of primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors of the Indian Economy and various policies and reforms have been taken by the government. The secondary data is collected to put down this literature. Each sector of the economy faces chaos due to coronavirus. Migrant workers or laborers go to their state in the lockdown, a ban on materials, electronics imported from china, supply chain disruption, disturbance in the cash flow are some of the majors' reasons that lead to the uncertainty in different sectors. A fund issued by the Government can be utilized effectively to give benefits to employees, workers, farmers, organizations, and industries.

scholarly journals The impact of different data sources on the level and structure of income inequality

SERIEs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ayala ◽  
Ana Pérez ◽  
Mercedes Prieto-Alaiz
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Social Security Administration ◽  
The Social ◽  
Income Data ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper aims to analyze the effect on measured inequality and its structure of using administrative data instead of survey data. Different analyses are carried out based on the Spanish Survey on Income and Living Conditions (ECV) that continued to ask households for their income despite assigning their income data as provided by the Tax Agency and the Social Security Administration. Our main finding is that the largest discrepancies between administrative and survey data are in the tails of the distribution. In addition to that, there are clear differences in the level and structure of inequality across data sources. These differences matter, and our results should be a wake-up call to interpret the results based on only one source of income data with caution.

Push/Pull Factors, Networks and Rural Labor Migration: Based on the Survey Data of Rural Labor Force in Tobacco Enterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1656-1669
Author(s):  
Min Zheng ◽  
Joy Tio ◽  
Thelma D. Palaoag
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Rural Labor ◽  
Tobacco Production ◽  
Force Transfer ◽  
Labor Force Transfer ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: The “push-pull theory” analyzes the dynamic mechanism of the cross-border flow of labor force, and explains that the flow of labor force between countries is generated by the combined action of “push” and “pull”. Tobacco has always been an important cash crop in China, providing a lot of financial support for the rapid development of China’s economy. Tobacco production is the premise of the development of tobacco industry. The shortage of tobacco planting labor force and the decline of quality restrict the tobacco production and the development of the tobacco industry. Based on the “push-pull theory”, the researcher focuses on the survey data of the rural labor force of a specific Labor Cooperation Company. This paper clarified the current situation and transfer characteristics of rural labor force in tobacco areas, discussed the impact of labor force transfer on flue-cured tobacco production, and put forward the strategies to solve the dilemma of rural labor force transfer in tobacco areas.Therefore, the suggestion of taking the city as the center and form a network of migrant workers to enhance the sense of belonging of them is proposed.

Clandestine Migrant Workers in Japan

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 623-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshikazu Nagayama
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Security System ◽  
Labor Laws ◽  
Illegal Migration ◽  
Labor Policies ◽  
The Social

Illegal migration in Japan is a recent phenomenon, resulting from restrictive labor import policies and shortages accompanying economic restructuring. Labor policies, regulations, types of immigration violations, and the role of the recruitment industry are described. Most of the estimated 200,000 illegal workers are employed in small and medium sized enterprises, especially construction and manufacturing, which pay them wages well below the normal rate. A key issue is the infringement of human rights of these illegal workers, who lack the protection of labor laws and the social security system.

scholarly journals Employers as Subjects of the Immigration State: How the State Foments Employment Insecurity for Temporary Immigrant Workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Shannon Gleeson ◽  
Kati L. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Guest Workers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Will

Abstract The state plays a key role in shaping worker precarity, and employers are key actors in mediating this process. While employers sometimes may act as willing extensions of the deportation machinery, they are also subjects of the immigration state. In this article, we highlight the impact of state-employer dynamics on migrant workers with Temporary Protected Status (TPS). These workers have only provisional permission to live and work in the United States, but are not tied to any single employer. Even though they are privileged over unauthorized workers and employer-sponsored guest workers, TPS holders experience their own brand of state-induced precarity. Their employers risk civil or criminal liability if they are not in compliance with work authorization requirements and must repeatedly navigate an unpredictable and confusing immigration bureaucracy. Drawing on interviews with 121 low-wage TPS workers and two dozen of their advocates in the New York City metropolitan area, our findings reveal that the intertwined coercive and bureaucratic arms of the immigration state together make hiring TPS workers a more risky and costly proposition for employers, thereby exacerbating the job insecurity that TPS workers already face due to an at-will employment regime that offers few protections against firing.

中国的非正规经济再论证

Rural China ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-82 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
The Other ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Labor Laws ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Blue Collar Workers ◽  
The Social ◽  
China Today ◽  
China’S Economy

Abstract China’s economy-society today, excepting high officials and capitalists, is made up principally of two status groups. One is the formal employees-workers who are protected by the state’s so-called “labor” laws-regulations and enjoy good benefits, who include the white collar employees of state agencies-units and of the larger formal enterprises, and only small numbers of blue-collar workers privileged with formal status. The other is the informal workers-employees who are not protected by the state’s labor laws and do not have (or have only low level) social benefits, including mainly the peasant migrant workers and the other working members of their “half worker half cultivator” families. This article documents in detail that the former totals just one-sixth of the total workforce and is in fact in large measure something of a privileged status group, while the latter totals five-sixths. The so-called labor laws today in fact have little to do with the majority of true laborers. The gap between the two status groups are the key to the social-economic crisis confronting China today and cries out for reform. (This article is in Chinese.) 摘要 中国今天的经济-社会, 除了顶层的高级官员和资本家之外, 主要由两个等级组成。一方面是受到国家所谓 “劳动” 法规保护的、带有优厚社会福利的正规职工, 其中包括国家机关、事业单位以及正规企业的白领职员, 而只包含较少数享有正规身份的蓝领工人。 另一方面则是不受到国家劳动法规保护的、没有社会福利（或只有低等福利）的非正规职工, 主要包含农民工以及其 “半工半耕” 家庭的其他就业人员。本文详细论证, 前者总数只是全社会所有就业人员中的六分之一, 其实一定程度上是个具有特权的阶层, 后者则占到六分之五。事实上, 国家今天所谓的劳动法规已经脱离大多数真正意义上的劳动人民。两个等级间的差别是今天中国社会经济危机的关键, 亟需改革。

Inventing Traditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-123
Author(s):  
Geoff Harkness
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Athletic Participation ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Female Empowerment ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

Mega sporting events, including the 2022 FIFA World Cup, align perfectly with Qatar’s economic agenda, which uses athletics as part of its nation-building ambitions. This chapter journeys through several sports worlds in Doha, where low-wage migrant workers are bused to soccer stadiums for televised games, so that it appears that the stands are filled with ardent fans, and where Kenyan runners are granted temporary Qatari citizenship in order to compete as natives. The government has spent a fortune to erect state-of-the-art facilities, host international sporting events, and send athletes to compete globally. Sports are also a primary platform for modern traditionalism’s motif of female empowerment. Despite these efforts, however, rates of women’s athletic participation remain in the single digits. Interviews with players, coaches, and spectators reveal the social processes underlying these dynamics. Finally, the chapter demonstrates how sportswomen overcome barriers to athletic participation by dynamically engaging with modern traditionalism, aligning their sports-related activities with empowerment, Islam, and family values.

The Impact of Endorsing the Belief in a Just World on Social Judgments

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Testé ◽  
Samantha Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Social Judgments ◽  
Just World ◽  
The Social ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Impact

The present research examines the social value attributed to endorsing the belief in a just world for self (BJW-S) and for others (BJW-O) in a Western society. We conducted four studies in which we asked participants to assess a target who endorsed BJW-S vs. BJW-O either strongly or weakly. Results showed that endorsement of BJW-S was socially valued and had a greater effect on social utility judgments than it did on social desirability judgments. In contrast, the main effect of endorsement of BJW-O was to reduce the target’s social desirability. The results also showed that the effect of BJW-S on social utility is mediated by the target’s perceived individualism, whereas the effect of BJW-S and BJW-O on social desirability is mediated by the target’s perceived collectivism.

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