scholarly journals Modelling and Analysis of Power Electronic Converters for EV Charging/Discharging for G2V, V2G and V2X Operations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atif Iqbal ◽  
Shirazul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Meraj
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Current Harmonics ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Bidirectional Converter ◽  
Mode Of Operation

The research work deals with the implementation of various chargers used for electric vehicles in the context of Qatar. These chargers are categorized as slow, fast, and super-fast chargers. The electric vehicles not only lead to a reduction in carbon footprint, but the V2X mode of operation of EVs implemented with the help of a bidirectional converter is used to provide ancillary services in the system such as shaving peak and valley in load demand, frequency, and voltage regulation, balance the supply and demand for active power and reactive power, compensate grid current harmonics, improve power quality, provide reactive power compensation and improve system stability. Due to the above-mentioned advantages, V2X mode of operation will be explored in this research work.

scholarly journals Coordination between loss of excitation protection and minimum excitation limit function of voltage regulation system

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (31) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Darko Vučićević ◽  
Danilo Buha ◽  
Savo Marinković ◽  
Saša Gligorov ◽  
Nevena Malešević
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Limit Function ◽  
Excitation System ◽  
Basic Task ◽  
Mode Of Operation

Established practice is such that the relay protection system and excitation system are adjusted independently of each other, which very often leads to non-coordinated action. When network disturbance occur, it is necessary to provide that basic protection functions eliminate the fault if it is necessary, and that all generators respond so as to preserve system stability and use the most of their capabilities. The basic task of under excitation protection is to prevent damage to the generator in a not allowed mode of operation. Also it is important to prevent the absorption of large amounts of reactive power from system that can lead to voltage collapse or line failure in the transmission system. This paper deals with under excitation protection and minimal excitation limiter, which is a part of excitation system, as well as with coordination between them. In the paper the current and the proposed settings are presented regarding case studies of generators in power plants in "EPS".

scholarly journals Contribution of Voltage Support Function to Virtual Inertia Control Performance of Inverter-Based Resource in Frequency Stability

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4220
Author(s):  
Dai Orihara ◽  
Hiroshi Kikusato ◽  
Jun Hashimoto ◽  
Kenji Otani ◽  
Takahiro Takamatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Voltage Control ◽  
Frequency Stability ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Apparent Difference ◽  
Virtual Inertia

Inertia reduction due to inverter-based resource (IBR) penetration deteriorates power system stability, which can be addressed using virtual inertia (VI) control. There are two types of implementation methods for VI control: grid-following (GFL) and grid-forming (GFM). There is an apparent difference among them for the voltage regulation capability, because the GFM controls IBR to act as a voltage source and GFL controls it to act as a current source. The difference affects the performance of the VI control function, because stable voltage conditions help the inertial response to contribute to system stability. However, GFL can provide the voltage control function with reactive power controllability, and it can be activated simultaneously with the VI control function. This study analyzes the performance of GFL-type VI control with a voltage control function for frequency stability improvement. The results show that the voltage control function decreases the voltage variation caused by the fault, improving the responsivity of the VI function. In addition, it is found that the voltage control is effective in suppressing the power swing among synchronous generators. The clarification of the contribution of the voltage control function to the performance of the VI control is novelty of this paper.

Microgrids Emergency Control and Protection

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Bevrani ◽  
Mehrdad Gholami ◽  
Neda Hajimohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Emergency Control

Economical harvesting of electrical energy on a large scale considering the environmental issues is a challenge. As a solution, Microgrids (MGs) promise to facilitate the widely penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) and energy storage devices into the power systems, reduce system losses and greenhouse gas emissions, and increase the reliability of the electricity supply to the customers. Although the concept of MG is already established, the control strategies and energy management systems for MGs which cover power interchange, system stability, frequency and voltage regulation, active and reactive power control, islanding detection, grid synchronization, following contingencies and emergency conditions are still under development. Like a conventional power system, a Micro-grid (MG) needs emergency control and protection schemes to have secure and stable operation. Since MG can operate in both grid-connected and islanded mode, in addition to the control loops and protection schemes, extra issues must be considered. Transition between two operation modes requires an extra control plan to eliminate and stabilize transients due to mode changing. This paper presents an overview of the key issues and new challenges on emergency control and protection plans in the MG systems. The most important emergency control and protection schemes such as load shedding methods that have been presented over the past years are summarized.

scholarly journals Hybrid Microgrid Energy Management and Control Based on Metaheuristic-Driven Vector-Decoupled Algorithm Considering Intermittent Renewable Sources and Electric Vehicles Charging Lot

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawfiq M. Aljohani ◽  
Ahmed F. Ebrahim ◽  
Osama Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Bidirectional Converter ◽  
And Control

Energy management and control of hybrid microgrids is a challenging task due to the varying nature of operation between AC and DC components which leads to voltage and frequency issues. This work utilizes a metaheuristic-based vector-decoupled algorithm to balance the control and operation of hybrid microgrids in the presence of stochastic renewable energy sources and electric vehicles charging structure. The AC and DC parts of the microgrid are coupled via a bidirectional interlinking converter, with the AC side connected to a synchronous generator and portable AC loads, while the DC side is connected to a photovoltaic system and an electric vehicle charging system. To properly ensure safe and efficient exchange of power within allowable voltage and frequency levels, the vector-decoupled control parameters of the bidirectional converter are tuned via hybridization of particle swarm optimization and artificial physics optimization. The proposed control algorithm ensures the stability of both voltage and frequency levels during the severe condition of islanding operation and high pulsed demands conditions as well as the variability of renewable source production. The proposed methodology is verified in a state-of-the-art hardware-in-the-loop testbed. The results show robustness and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in managing the real and reactive power exchange between the AC and DC parts of the microgrid within safe and acceptable voltage and frequency levels.

scholarly journals A Review on Shunt Active Power Filter Control Strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.5) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harnek Singh ◽  
Maneet Kour ◽  
Dip Vinod Thanki ◽  
Prakash Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Active Power Filter ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Shunt Active Power Filter ◽  
Current Harmonics ◽  
Power Filter

Shunt active power filter (SAPF) has now become a well-known sophisticated technology to overcome current harmonics and reactive power compensation issues. In this paper a technical review of various control strategies for operation of SAPF has been presented. Control strategies such as reference current generation by time domain, frequency domain and soft computing approaches; voltage control for dc link voltage regulation and current control for generating switching patterns for voltage source inverter has been discussed. This paper aims to provide a broad understanding on SAPFs for various research and engineering applications.  

scholarly journals Performance analysis of DC/DC bidirectional converter with sliding mode and pi controller

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Shekher Purohit ◽  
Geetha M. ◽  
Padmanaban Sanjeevikumar ◽  
Pandav Kiran Maroti ◽  
Shruti Swami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Pi Controller ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
Distributed Power Generation ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Bidirectional Converter ◽  
Electrical Vehicle

<span>A sliding mode controller for a non-isolated DC/DC, bidirectional converter is presented and comparative study with PI controller is done along with ISE analysis, in order to do performance analysis. The proposed system can be utilized in many applications such as electrical vehicle, distributed power generation or small grids. Second theorem of Lyapunov is utilized and stability of the closed loop system is mathematically proven. The adopted control strategy achieves effective output voltage regulation and good dynamic stability. Rejection of disturbance is also an inherent characteristic of this technique. Furthermore, it is illustrated that the system can successfully follow changes of load demand and compensates sudden disturbances in operating condition. The design is evaluated and verified using Matlab/Simulink. Results of Matlab simulation are provided to show the feasibility of the proposed system and effectiveness of control method. Simulation results show that this technique can provide a considerable edge over control techniques which are presently available (applied) over this type of converter.</span>

scholarly journals Design of Controller for Electrical Vehicle to Grid Power

2021 ◽  
Vol 2089 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
K K Baghmare ◽  
P M Daigavane
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Bidirectional Converter ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
Electrical Vehicle ◽  
Power Capability

Abstract This paper prescribed the design of controller for electrical vehicle to Grid power, by using this controller improve the power requirement of grid and reactive power compensation capability. Bidirectional converter is very helpful during on peak load demand. During off peak load demand grid will supply the power to the battery and charge the battery. During on peak load demand excess power of battery will supply to the grid. The concept aggregator is depicted in the figure 2. (Aggregator collects the power from all electrical vehicle first then it supply to the grid). This modern electrical vehicle technology proposed the distribution generation Methodology. All the control strategies of modern electrical vehicle to grid is proposed like smart charging or discharging of batteries during off peak load demand and On peak load demand respectively. V2G controller allow the active power it act as an ancillary services to grid. Electrical vehicle controller has ability to exchange the active or reactive power capability. Simulation of bidirectional AC/DC and DC/DC controller and their control circuit are analyzed by using matlab Simulink software.

scholarly journals Modeling, Control and Placement of FACTS Devices: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-733
Author(s):  
Ayesha Haroon ◽  
Irfan Shafqat Javed ◽  
Huma Rehmat Baig ◽  
Ali Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Reactive Power Compensation ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Power Electronic Converters ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Facts Devices

Over the past two decades, developing distributed energy sources in electric power grid have created new challenges related to the power quality, voltage adjustment and proficient energy utilization. Power electronic converters are widely used to interface the emerging energy systems (without and with energy storage) and smart buildings with the transmission and distribution systems. Flexible Ac Transmission Systems (FACTS) and Voltage-Source Converters (VSC), with smart dynamic controllers, are emerging as stabilization and power filtering equipment to improve the power quality. FACTS devices are of vital significance for tackling the problem of voltage instability which is inevitable and leads to losses in transmission system networks. These devices provide fast voltage regulation, ensure system stability and reactive power compensation. In this regard, modeling, control and appropriate placement of these devices in the transmission lines have been of great importance for researchers of power transmission systems. By using high speed power electronic converters, FACTS perform many times faster than the conventional compensation techniques. FACTS not only provide fast voltage regulation but also damping of active power oscillations and reactive power compensation. Hence, they increase the availability and reliability of the power systems. But, the functioning of a FACTS device extremely reckons upon its parametric quantity, appropriate placement, and sizing in the power network. In this paper, an extensive literature survey is presented to discuss and investigate these parameters of FACTS devices.

A NOVEL CONTROL STRATEGY FOR SERIES-SHUNT POWER QUALITY COMPENSATOR

2015 ◽  
pp. 148-153
Author(s):  
DEVENDRA LAXMAN RAOKHANDE ◽  
DADGONDA PATIL
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Current Harmonics ◽  
Synchronous Reference Frame ◽  
Uninterruptible Power ◽  
Traction System

Advancement and extensive use of power electronic devices such as, fast switching uncontrolled/controlled convertors, invertors and cyclo-converters, high voltage power convertors used in HVDC, high voltage drives in traction system, arc furnaces, modern single phase electronic equipments like Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs), Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS), Personal Computers (PCs), printers, battery chargers, fax machines, photocopiers etc. creates power quality problems, the measure of it was voltage and current harmonics, poor power factor, imbalance, reactive power compensation, voltage regulation etc. Ideally power system network must be electrically clean, harmonics free, balanced, sinusoidal with unity power factor and regulated. This work deals with the performance of Series-Shunt Power Quality Compensator (SSPQC) under distorted source voltages and load currents. In this work a novel control strategy of Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) used to extract the fundamental reference voltage component and the ICC based technique used to predict source current which simplifies the computation and amplifies the system performance.

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