scholarly journals Proteome changes in autosomal recessive primary microcephaly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Ramadan Ferih ◽  
Ahmed Adel Elsabagh ◽  
Sami Ismail Zaqout ◽  
Angelika Krajewski
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Protein Identification ◽  
Primary Microcephaly ◽  
Proteome Changes ◽  
Cytoskeleton Dynamics ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly ◽  
Underlying Pathophysiology

Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) consists of a group of disorders characterized by microcephaly and intellectual disability. This study is essential to complement previous findings of MCPH as it helps clarify the role of different genes and proteins involved in the underlying pathophysiology of MCPH. To date, 27 different mutations have been identified. This study defines a number of changes in gene expression occurring in MCPH. This helps deepen our understanding of the effect of MCPH mutations on gene expression. This study also shows the functions of proteins that increase, are unaffected or become dysfunctional due to MCPH. We identified a marked reduction of about 30 proteins with vital roles in several processes including cell cytoskeleton dynamics, cell cycle progression, ciliary functions, and apoptosis. We used Cdk5rap2 (Hartwig’s anemia mice (an/an)), which is a model that closely represents MCPH3. Gel electrophoresis was utilized in order to separate brain proteins. Fixation and protein identification was then done in order to detect changes in the level of the tested proteins

scholarly journals Molecular and Cellular Basis of Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine Barbelanne ◽  
William Y. Tsang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Brain Size ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Primary Microcephaly ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Early Brain Development ◽  
Cycle Regulation ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly

Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare hereditary neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a marked reduction in brain size and intellectual disability. MCPH is genetically heterogeneous and can exhibit additional clinical features that overlap with related disorders including Seckel syndrome, Meier-Gorlin syndrome, and microcephalic osteodysplastic dwarfism. In this review, we discuss the key proteins mutated in MCPH. To date, MCPH-causing mutations have been identified in twelve different genes, many of which encode proteins that are involved in cell cycle regulation or are present at the centrosome, an organelle crucial for mitotic spindle assembly and cell division. We highlight recent findings on MCPH proteins with regard to their role in cell cycle progression, centrosome function, and early brain development.

scholarly journals A missense mutation in the PISA domain of HsSAS-6 causes autosomal recessive primary microcephaly in a large consanguineous Pakistani family

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (22) ◽  
pp. 5940-5949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzammil A. Khan ◽  
Verena M. Rupp ◽  
Meritxell Orpinell ◽  
Muhammad S. Hussain ◽  
Janine Altmüller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Missense Mutation ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Pakistani Family ◽  
Primary Microcephaly ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly

scholarly journals The nucleoplasmic interactions among Lamin A/C-pRB-LAP2α-E2F1 are modulated by dexamethasone

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Ricci ◽  
Sara Orazi ◽  
Federica Biancucci ◽  
Mauro Magnani ◽  
Michele Menotta
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Lamin A ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
C Dynamics ◽  
E2f Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factor 1

AbstractAtaxia telangiectasia (AT) is a rare genetic neurodegenerative disease. To date, there is no available cure for the illness, but the use of glucocorticoids has been shown to alleviate the neurological symptoms associated with AT. While studying the effects of dexamethasone (dex) in AT fibroblasts, by chance we observed that the nucleoplasmic Lamin A/C was affected by the drug. In addition to the structural roles of A-type lamins, Lamin A/C has been shown to play a role in the regulation of gene expression and cell cycle progression, and alterations in the LMNA gene is cause of human diseases called laminopathies. Dex was found to improve the nucleoplasmic accumulation of soluble Lamin A/C and was capable of managing the large chromatin Lamin A/C scaffolds contained complex, thus regulating epigenetics in treated cells. In addition, dex modified the interactions of Lamin A/C with its direct partners lamin associated polypeptide (LAP) 2a, Retinoblastoma 1 (pRB) and E2F Transcription Factor 1 (E2F1), regulating local gene expression dependent on E2F1. These effects were differentially observed in both AT and wild type (WT) cells. To our knowledge, this is the first reported evidence of the role of dex in Lamin A/C dynamics in AT cells, and may represent a new area of research regarding the effects of glucocorticoids on AT. Moreover, future investigations could also be extended to healthy subjects or to other pathologies such as laminopathies since glucocorticoids may have other important effects in these contexts as well.

Mutation Analysis of the ASPM Gene in 18 Pakistani Families With Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizwana Kousar ◽  
Hira Nawaz ◽  
Maryam Khurshid ◽  
Ghazanfer Ali ◽  
Saad Ullah Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mutation Analysis ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Primary Microcephaly ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly ◽  
Pakistani Families

Genetic studies of autosomal recessive primary microcephaly in 33 Pakistani families: novel sequence variants in ASPM gene

Neurogenetics ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Gul ◽  
Muhammad Jawad Hassan ◽  
Saqib Mahmood ◽  
Wenje Chen ◽  
Safa Rahmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Sequence Variants ◽  
Primary Microcephaly ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly ◽  
Pakistani Families

scholarly journals Whole exome sequencing identifies a novel homozygous frameshift mutation in the ASPM gene, which causes microcephaly 5, primary, autosomal recessive

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2163
Author(s):  
Desaraju Suresh Bhargav ◽  
N. Sreedevi ◽  
N. Swapna ◽  
Soumya Vivek ◽  
Srinivas Kovvali
Keyword(s):  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Frameshift Mutation ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Primary Microcephaly ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
The Family ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly

Microcephaly is a genetically heterogeneous disorder and is one of the frequently notable conditions in paediatric neuropathology which exists either as a single entity or in association with other co-morbidities. More than a single gene is implicated in true microcephaly and the list is growing with the recent advancements in sequencing technologies. Using massive parallel sequencing, we identified a novel frame shift insertion in the abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein gene in a client with true autosomal recessive primary microcephaly.  Exome sequencing in the present case helped in identifying the true cause behind the disease, which helps in the premarital counselling for the sibling to avoid future recurrence of the disorder in the family.

scholarly journals CDK5RAP2 Is a Pericentriolar Protein That Functions in Centrosomal Attachment of the γ-Tubulin Ring Complex

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka-Wing Fong ◽  
Yuk-Kwan Choi ◽  
Jerome B. Rattner ◽  
Robert Z. Qi
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Macromolecular Complex ◽  
Mitotic Spindles ◽  
Microtubule Nucleation ◽  
Primary Microcephaly ◽  
Conserved Sequence ◽  
Ring Complex ◽  
Pericentriolar Material ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly

Microtubule nucleation and organization by the centrosome require γ-tubulin, a protein that exists in a macromolecular complex called the γ-tubulin ring complex (γTuRC). We report characterization of CDK5RAP2, a novel centrosomal protein whose mutations have been linked to autosomal recessive primary microcephaly. In somatic cells, CDK5RAP2 localizes throughout the pericentriolar material in all stages of the cell cycle. When overexpressed, CDK5RAP2 assembled a subset of centrosomal proteins including γ-tubulin onto the centrosomes or under the microtubule-disrupting conditions into microtubule-nucleating clusters in the cytoplasm. CDK5RAP2 associates with the γTuRC via a short conserved sequence present in several related proteins found in a range of organisms from fungi to mammals. The binding of CDK5RAP2 is required for γTuRC attachment to the centrosome but not for γTuRC assembly. Perturbing CDK5RAP2 function delocalized γ-tubulin from the centrosomes and inhibited centrosomal microtubule nucleation, thus leading to disorganization of interphase microtubule arrays and formation of anastral mitotic spindles. Together, CDK5RAP2 is a pericentriolar structural component that functions in γTuRC attachment and therefore in the microtubule organizing function of the centrosome. Our findings suggest that centrosome malfunction due to the CDK5RAP2 mutations may underlie autosomal recessive primary microcephaly.

scholarly journals Epigenetic factors in atherogenesis: microRNA

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
A.V. Smirnova ◽  
V.N. Sukhorukov ◽  
V.P. Karagodin ◽  
A.N. Orekhov
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Antisense Oligonucleotides ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Atherosclerosis Progression

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (~22 nucleotides in length) noncoding RNA sequences regulating gene expression at posttranscriptional level. MicroRNAs bind complementarily to certain mRNA and cause gene silencing. The involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of lipid metabolism, inflammatory response, cell cycle progression and proliferation, oxidative stress, platelet activation, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) function, angiogenesis and plaque formation and rapture indicates important roles in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. The key role of microRNAs in pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including atherosclerosis, was demonstrated in recent studies. Creating antisense oligonucleotides is a novel technique for selective changes in gene expression both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we draw attention to the role of miRNAs in atherosclerosis progression, using miRNA as the potential biomarkers and targets in the CVDs, as well as possible application of antisense oligonucleotides

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document