scholarly journals LEVELS OF HORMONES TRIIODOTHYRONINE AND PLASMA BLOOD GLUCOSE BROILER STARTER DUE TO HEAT STRESS AND PRELIMINARY DIFFERENCE FEEDING TIME

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 421-427
Author(s):  
Liborio Ximenes ◽  
Pratiwi Trisunuwati ◽  
Muharlien
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Low Temperature Treatment

The study was conducted to know blood glucose and triiodothyronine levels of broiler starter due to heat stress and different initial-time feeding. The material used in this study was 64 male DOC broilers of Lohmann strain with the average initial weight of 47.98 ± 2.24 g. The experiment was designed based on randomized block design with a 2x2 factorial and four replications. The treatment combinations as follow: S1W1 = low temperature, feeding 12 hours post-hatching; S1W2 = low temperature, feeding 24 hours post-hatching; S2W1 = high temperature, feeding 12 hours post-hatching; S2W2 = high temperature, feeding 24 hours post-hatching. The Data were Analyzed by using ANOVA. If there was a significant effect (P <0.05) or very significant effect (P <0.01) in Followed by Duncan's test. The result Showed that heat stress treatment significantly affected (P <0.05) to the triiodothyronine level, while initial feeding treatment had no significant effect. Also, blood glucose levels had no significant effect due to the treatments. It concluded that heat stress negatively affected by the blood glucose and triiodothyronine levels of broiler starter. The initial-time feeding has no effect on the blood glucose and triiodothyronine levels. Interactions between treatment and different temperature-time initial feeding have no effect. Nevertheless, the low temperature treatment and initial feeding of 12 hours post-hatching shows the best results with blood glucose 246.25 ± 9.91 mg / dl and triiodothyronine of 2.05 ± 0.14 ng / ml.

Endometrial Thermal Balloon Ablation Using a High Temperature, Pulsed System: A Mathematical Model

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 841-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Reinders ◽  
Susan A. Baldwin ◽  
Joel L. Bert
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
High Temperature Treatment ◽  
Low Temperature Treatment ◽  
Balloon Ablation ◽  
Pulsed Treatment ◽  
Thermal Balloon

A new endometrial thermal balloon ablation treatment for menorrhagia is modeled mathematically to predict its efficacy and safety. A device preheats a fluid to 173°C within a reservoir external to the uterus, and then pulses this fluid without further heating between the reservoir and the balloon for 2.1 min of treatment time. The model predicted this treatment to result in consistent immediate tissue death (coagulation) depths of 3.4±0.1 mm for uterine cavities of 7 to 26 mL, and that eventual necrosis (tissue death that would occur 1–5 days post burn) may occur to depths of 6.5±0.2 mm. Whereas, burn depths varied with uterine cavity volume when a low temperature treatment (constant 75°C for 15 min) was modeled (2.3–2.9 mm and 6.8–8.2 mm, for immediate tissue death and eventual necrosis respectively). Similarly, the high temperature, pulsed treatment was less sensitive to blood perfusion rate than the low temperature treatment. Predicted eventual necrosis depth was 1.5 mm less for the high temperature, pulsed treatment than that predicted for a low temperature treatment (constant 87°C for 7 min) for the same immediate tissue death depth (3.5 mm), indicating that the new high temperature treatment may result in less damage to non targeted tissues.

scholarly journals Dynamics of starch synthesis enzymes and their relationship with chalkiness of early indica rice under different postanthesis temperature regimes

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-238
Author(s):  
Mohammed Humayun Kabir ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Shitou Xia ◽  
Ruozhong Wang ◽  
Langtao Xiao
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Starch Synthesis ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Low Temperature Treatment ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Grain Filling Rate ◽  
Head Rice

An experiment on an early indica rice cv. ‘Shenyou9576’ was conducted in the Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China in 2014 to investigate the influence of varying post-anthesis temperatures on chalkiness rate, head rice rate, and on major 6 starch synthesis enzymes i.e., SuSy (EC 1.9.3.1), ADPG-Ppas (EC 2.7.7.27), SSS (EC 2.4.1.21) and GBSS, (EC 2.4.1.21), SBE (EC 2.4.1.18) and SDBE (EC 3.2.1.70). The treatments comprised of three temperature regimes which are designated as the high (35/28oC- day/night), low (25/20oC- day/night) and natural condition (35/25oC-day/night) as the control. Under high temperature maximum chalkiness rate was 61.11% and minimum was 22.59% under low temperature treatment. The lowest head rice rate was 42.76% under high temperature treatment followed by 49.91% in the control, while the highest rate was 62.33% under low temperature treatment. Maximum grain filling rate (Gmax) was found highest (1.69 mg/day) in the high temperature and average grain filling rate (Gavg) was found highest (1.36 mg/day) under the control. The activity of SuSy, ADPG-Ppase, SSS and GBSS were decreased gradually from 14 to 35 days after flowering (DAF). Irrespective of the treatments, an increasing trend of ADPG-Ppase activity was observed from 7 to 14 DAF and then declined. Correlation between the chalkiness and the enzymes activity of SuSy, ADPG-Ppase and SSS were significantly negative at 21, 28 and 35 DAFs, i.e., higher activity of SuSy, ADPG-Ppase and SSS at the mid-late to the late caryopsis development stage mediated by low temperature treatment played an important role for the reduction of chalkiness. The correlation between GBSS activity and chalkiness was significantly negative and stronger at 14, 21 and 28 DAF indicating that GBSS played a cardinal role to reduce chalkiness in the mid to mid-late stage of rice grain development. Significantly negative correlation was found between starch branching enzyme (SBE) and chalkiness at 21, 28 and 35 DAF, i.e., the higher SBE activity under low temperature treatment at the later grain filling stage also had a positive role in reduction of chalkiness. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(2): 223-238, June 2019

scholarly journals GERMINATION AND VIGOUR IN SEEDS OF THE COWPEA IN RESPONSE TO SALT AND HEAT STRESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luma Rayane de Lima Nunes ◽  
Paloma Rayane Pinheiro ◽  
Charles Lobo Pinheiro ◽  
Kelly Andressa Peres Lima ◽  
Alek Sandro Dutra
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Temperatures

ABSTRACT Salinity is prejudicial to plant development, causing different types of damage to species, or even between genotypes of the same species, with the effects being aggravated when combined with other types of stress, such as heat stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of cowpea genotypes (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) to salt stress at different temperatures. Seeds of the Pujante, Epace 10 and Marataoã genotypes were placed on paper rolls (Germitest®) moistened with different salt concentrations of 0.0 (control), 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1, and placed in a germination chamber (BOD) at temperatures of 20, 25, 30 and 35°C. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomised design, in a 3 × 4 × 5 scheme of subdivided plots, with four replications per treatment. The variables under analysis were germination percentage, first germination count, shoot and root length, and total seedling dry weight. At temperatures of 30 and 35°C, increases in the salt concentration were more damaging to germination in the Epace 10 and Pujante genotypes, while for the Marataoã genotype, damage occurred at the temperature of 20°C. At 25°C, germination and vigour in the genotypes were higher, with the Pujante genotype proving to be more tolerant to salt stress, whereas Epace 10 and Marataoã were more tolerant to high temperatures. Germination in the cowpea genotypes was more sensitive to salt stress when subjected to heat stress caused by the low temperature of 20°C or high temperature of 35°C.

Studies on Freshwater Osmoregulation in the Ammocoete larva of Lampetra Planeri (Bloch)

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-609
Author(s):  
R. MORRIS ◽  
J. M. BULL
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Extracellular Space ◽  
Ringer Solution ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solutions ◽  
Low Temperature Treatment ◽  
Lampetra Planeri ◽  
Equilibrium Concentrations ◽  
Sodium Loss

1. An investigation has been made of the factors which cause sodium loss from ammocoetes when they are immersed in de-ionized water at 1° and 10° C. 2. Sodium influx ceases when animals are first immersed in de-ionized water, but can recommence when the animal loses sufficient sodium to the environment. The concentration of sodium required for influx to take place decreases with succeeding periods of immersion in de-ionized water at 10° C. and reaches minimum equilibrium concentrations as low as 0.005 mM-Na/l. 3. Low temperature inhibits sodium influx and thus promotes net loss of sodium to de-ionized water. 4. Low temperature also decreases the initial loss of sodium to de-ionized water and probably lowers the permeability of the external surfaces of the animal to ions. This effect is small compared with the inhibition of ion uptake so that the combined result is to increase the net loss of sodium from the animal. 5. Since animals lose calcium to de-ionized water and show a decreased rate of sodium loss when calcium salts are added, it is believed that the high rates of sodium loss in de-ionized water are attributable to the effect of calcium on permeability. 6. Lack of calcium may also explain why animals which have been depleted of sodium by low-temperature treatment take up sodium much faster at higher temperatures from dilute Ringer solutions than from pure sodium chloride solutions. 7. When animals lose ions to de-ionized water at low temperature, sodium and chloride are lost from the extracellular space, whilst the muscle cells lose potassium. These ions are recovered into the extracellular space when animals are allowed to take up ions at 10° C. from diluted Ringer solution later.

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