scholarly journals MACHINABILITY OF MATERIALS AND THEIR MATHEMATICAL MODELS FROM AN ECONOMIC POINT OF VIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
Darina Matisková
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Current Issue ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Cnc Machines ◽  
Mechanical Components

This article is about the economics aspects on optimization of components production are nowadays very current issue. Article is about the criteria of economic efficiency of production of mechanical components for machine tools and CNC machines. The machinability of materials is considered to be a parameter which characterizes the machined material in the process of cutting and expresses the degree of machining effectivity in terms of material of a product and is expressed by mathematical model.

Methodological Approach to Assessing the Economic Efficiency of Digital Projects Applying Internet of Things Platforms

2021 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Yu. Mishin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Iot Platforms

One of the key ones and most cost-effective technology from an economic point of view for the real sector is the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, which is usually provided in the form of Internet of Things (IoT) platforms, still does not have its own framework for assessing its economic efficiency. The author proposes a methodological approach based on a combination of classical methods of investment analysis and an architectural approach. From the information point of view the scientific work is based on cost-effectiveness studies of IoT projects, domestic and foreign scientific publications, IT cases and research on taxonomy of IoT platforms. The proposed approach may serve as the basis both for preparation of financial business cases and for facilitating the development of tools for objective assessment of the project initiatives attractiveness as part of implementation of the state digital development programs in Russia.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on the Economic Efficiency of Rapeseed Culture in Conventional and Organic Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Elena ȘURCĂ
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Revenue Structure ◽  
Crop System

From an economic point of view, efficiency implies the use of resources, of any kind, at maximum efficiency, or else the relation between effect and effort is over unit. In any kind of activity economic efficiency is the basis for its start. In the present paper, the level of economic efficiency for rape crops will be determined, according to two technological systems: conventional and organic. The revenue structure, and especially the expenditure, will be found in the income and expenditure budget of the culture. We will compare the value of production, production costs, but also yield or rate of return. In the continuation of the study, a set of indicators of economic efficiency will be calculated for each crop system, which will be subjected to a mirror analysis, to determine the feasibility of rapeseed crops as accurately as possible. Finally, the results will be presented, the profitability of the crop according to the system, the level of the profit and the recommendations regarding the future way of growing the rapeseed.

scholarly journals Cost–benefit analysis of tetanus prophylaxis by a mathematical model

1989 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Carducci ◽  
C.M. Avio ◽  
M. Bendinelli
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Vaccination Strategies ◽  
Tetanus Vaccination

SUMMARYA mathematical model has been developed which allows estimation of the epidemiological and economic effects of different tetanus vaccination strategies. The model was used to simulate the epidemiology of tetanus in italy from 1955 to 1982, and then applied to a district of Tuscany by utilizing data obtained from a seroepidemiological survey carried out in the same area. For this district we simulated vaccination programmes designed to reach, within 1 or 10 years, coverages of 60 or 90% of the population aged over 10 years who had not been exposed to the neonatal vaccination programme. The most effective strategy, from both the epidemiological and economic point of view, seems to be 90% coverage reached in 1 year's time. Benefits would be increased by improving the reliability of vaccinal anamnesis.

scholarly journals Economical Optimization of the Mechanized Longwall Faces with Top Coal Caving Mining, In Horizontal Slices

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilie Onica ◽  
Viorel Mihăilescu ◽  
Felicia Andrioni
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cost Function ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Optimizing Model ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Economical Optimization

Abstract To increase the economic and technical performances of the Jiu Valley hard coal mines, the top coal caving, in horizontal slices, mining methods (Bourbaki methods) were introduced, adapted to the local geo-mining conditions. This mining was successfully experimented by using classical technology, using the individual supports and coal blasting. In the future, it is planned to adopt the mechanized technology, with frame supports and shearers. The mechanized longwall faces with top coal caving mining, in horizontal slices, of coal seam no. 3 could be efficient only if the sizes of the top coal height and the panel length determine a minimum cost of production. Therefore, the goal of this paper is the optimization of these parameters, from a technical and economic point of view, taking into account the general model of the cost function, at the panel level. For that, it was necessary to make a certain sequence of analysis involving: technological unit establishment, purpose function and optimizing model. Thus, there attaining to the mathematical model of the unit cost, after determination of all the individual calculation articles, regarding the preparatory workings, coal face equipments, materials, energy, workforce, etc. Because of the complexity of the obtained technical and economic model, to determine the optimum sizes of the panel length and top coal height, it was necessary to archive a sensitivity analysis of the unit cost function to the main parameters implied into this mathematical model.

scholarly journals Intensive gardening: economic background and technological features of the industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
А. D. Sviridova ◽  
◽  
A. E. Morozov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Economic Background ◽  
Traditional Technologies

The most advanced technology for growing fruit crops, both stone and pome, today is intensive gardening. If the intensive garden is properly organized, its economic efficiency may be several times higher than in the case of traditional technologies, which are not very efficient in modern conditions. This is especially noticeable in the zone of risky farming, where climate and other factors that negatively affect the yield of garden crops make them not attractive from an economic point of view. This is partly why a number of regions have seen a reduction in farmland used for orchards. Bookmark of gardens of intensive type in many respects solves this problem.

scholarly journals Comprehensive assessment of the efficiency of high-rise construction projects in the form of urban blocks

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 01048
Author(s):  
Alexandr Orlov ◽  
Irina Chubarkina
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Functional Distribution

The paper is dedicated to main modern trends in the area of high-rise construction. The classification of buildings and structures by height is given. Functional distribution by the height of buildings is presented. A review of positive and negative aspects of high-rise construction from the economic point of view is given. On the basis of the data obtained, it is proposed to build up residential microdistricts in the form of urban blocks. A plan of microdistricts development is presented. It takes into account urban blocks and includes their main characteristics. An economic and mathematical model was developed to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of high-rise construction projects.

ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF FAMILY DAIRY FARMS

2018 ◽  
Vol XIX (6) ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Sowula-Skrzyńska ◽  
Grzegorz Skrzyński ◽  
Renata Matysik-Pejas ◽  
Sabina Kurpan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Constant Cost ◽  
Break Even Point

For optimal farm management, it is very important to research potential opportunities of raising its rental ability. These opportunities lie as by side of selling income as of its costs. It causes a necesity of constant cost control and of looking for new methods of reducing these costs. The aim of study was the assessment of economic viability of family dairy farms .The economic efficiency of these farms was analysed according to scale of production. Basic indicators and measures of the economic efficiency of production, such as net agricultural income, gross margin, production costs, parity income and break-even point were calculated. The paper presents the analyze of disproportion income between small and large farms. The executed analysis showed that from economic point of view the optimal dairy farms maintains about 60 cows.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC AND MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF CRIMINAL PUNISHMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Evgenia E. Melyukhanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Criminal Punishment ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
State Activity ◽  
Entire Society

Economic and mathematical modelling is used to solve complex economic problems, one of which is to improve the economic efficiency of state activities in the field of sentencing and execution of criminal sanctions. From an economic point of view, researchers focus their attention primarily on the problem of crime. In this regard, useful from the methodological point of view is the economic-mathematical model of crime as outlined by S.A. Kolesnikov which is based on the offender behaviour model. There are three objects in the economic-mathematical model of crime. The first object is an offender, the second one is a victim possessing some asset attractive to an offender, and the third object in the model is the state which can detain and punish an offender. The author has developed and proposed an economic-mathematical model of criminal punishment. Rationality of state activity in the field of sentencing and execution of punish-ment means that the punishment is imposed and executed only if the expected costs of its imposition and execution are less than the amount of negative consequences resulting from the crime (both tangible and intangible). If criminal behaviour is rational, state activity should also be rational. Moreover, if the criminal acts on his own behalf and personally bears the risks arising from the criminal activity, the state acts on behalf of the entire society and may not be exposed to excessive risks and unreasonable costs in the process of punishment. Therefore the rational criminal activity of citizens must be contrasted with the rational punitive activity of the state. In order to rationalise the punitive activity of the state, an economic-mathematical model of criminal punishment should be developed. If the economic-mathematical model of crime is based on the theory of expected utility, then the economic-mathematical model of criminal punishment should be based on the theory of costs, because state activities involving punishment are inevitably accompanied by certain costs. Moreover, there are negative consequences (both tangible and intangible) that result from the crime, which also constitute a cost to society. In conclusion, the author concludes that the economic-mathematical model of criminal punishment makes it possible to determine the efficiency of the state's activities in prescribing and enforcing punishment, therefore, it can be used in the law enforcement activities of state authorities.

scholarly journals MATHEMATICAL MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND CORRECTIONS IN THEOPERATION OF CNC EQUIPMENT INPUT

2017 ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
R. Yu. Nekrasov ◽  
U. S. Putilova ◽  
A. I. Starikov ◽  
I. V. Soloviev ◽  
Yu. A. Tempel
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Trajectory Control ◽  
Cnc Machines ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Accuracy Problem

The accuracy problem of engineering products on the CNC machines processing increase. The authors propose a solution to this problem by providing input of the operational adjustments of trajectory control of the machine executive bodies. The necessity of creation of mathematical models of technological processes diagnostics of the system machine - fixture - tool - workpiece.

ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF FAMILY DAIRY FARMS

2018 ◽  
Vol XIX (6) ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Sowula-Skrzyńska ◽  
Grzegorz Skrzyński ◽  
Renata Matysik-Pejas ◽  
Sabina Kurpan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Constant Cost ◽  
Break Even Point

For optimal farm management, it is very important to research potential opportunities of raising its rental ability. These opportunities lie as by side of selling income as of its costs. It causes a necesity of constant cost control and of looking for new methods of reducing these costs. The aim of study was the assessment of economic viability of family dairy farms .The economic efficiency of these farms was analysed according to scale of production. Basic indicators and measures of the economic efficiency of production, such as net agricultural income, gross margin, production costs, parity income and break-even point were calculated. The paper presents the analyze of disproportion income between small and large farms. The executed analysis showed that from economic point of view the optimal dairy farms maintains about 60 cows.

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