PEMILIHAN FONDASI CSTR UNTUK PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI POME DALAM RANGKA MENINGKATKAN PENGEMBANGAN ENERGI TERBARUKAN

Renewable energy development for power generation is in line with the government's program toincrease the share of renewable energy in the national energy mix which is relatively small at themoment. BPPT, collaborating with PTPN 5 in the Insinas Flagship program, built a pilot plant for biogasproduction from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) with a capacity of 700 kW. The reactor used in this pilotproject is a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) which is the most important operating unit forproducing biogas from POME. Therefore, the selection of the CSTR foundation is crucial since themain process occurs in the reactor. The scope of this activity is to realize the final design into theconstruction of a CSTR pilot plant. Several types of foundations were studied, starting from shallowfoundation type such as tread foundation, deep foundation, until combining shallow foundation typewith deep foundation type. The evaluation of existing data and design review indicates that the use ofMat Foundation is not suitable due to soil condition at a depth of 0–5m which is in the form of sandyloam soil with an NSPT value of less than 20. The selection of Piles is based on the calculations usingtotal vertical load of 3035,37 ton and total horizontal load of 542,57 tons. Considering the availability ofmaterials and time concern, the recommended foundation type is pile with a diameter of 600 mm typeB and a length of 12 m.

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PERANCANGAN GEOMETRI DAN POWER PENGADUK UNTUK BIOREAKTOR

Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) ◽

10.29122/jel.v16i2.4802 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 55-58

Author(s):

Novio Valentino ◽

Dwi Lukman Hakim ◽

Fusia Mirda Yanti

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Pilot Plant ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Reynolds Numbers ◽

Motor Power ◽

Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽

Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽

Empty Fruit Bunches ◽

Selection Of

Sei Pagar's palm oil mill (PKS Sei Pagar), PTPN V Riau processes fresh fruit bunch into crude palm oil(CPO). This processing also generates waste like empty fruit bunches (EFB), shells, fiber, and palm oilmill effluent (POME). POME has a high content of chemical oxygen demand (COD), approximately30,000-80,000 mg/L, which is usually fermented by bacteria. This fermentation mechanism can beused to produce biogas containing methane in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Since POMEor organic materials for biogas production generally contain sludge, the biogas production processshould have an agitator to mix sediment in the base reactor and improve biogas production. Thisresearch aims to determine the agitator's specifications for the biogas pilot plant in PKS Sei Pagar,consisting of power type and type of stirrer include diameter calculation, geometry, and powercalculation. The agitator's power and geometry are determined based on input data from the datasheetreactor and the efficiency of the stirrer is calculated by Reynolds reynolds numbers. From thisresearch's calculations, an agitator geometry for the biogas pilot plant in PKS Sei Pagar had a length of0.875 m, a width of 0.7 m, and a height of 3.5 m. This research also obtained that the motor power resultwas 23.55 HP. The selection of motor power in the Biogas pilot plant's stirring process in PKS Sei Pagarshould have a standard agitator motor power of 25 HP.

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State and perspectives of renewable energy development in Ukraine

Visnik Nacional noi academii nauk Ukrai ni ◽

10.15407/visn2015.12.100 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 19-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S.O. Kudria ◽

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Development ◽

Renewable Energy Development

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Renewable Heating and Cooling Solutions for Buildings and Industry

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2020065016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Andrea Frazzica ◽

Régis Decorme ◽

Marco Calderoni ◽

Alessandra Cuneo ◽

Zuzana Taťáková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Heat Pump ◽

Solar Thermal ◽

Renewable Energy Technologies ◽

Energy Technologies ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Common Strategy ◽

Selection Of

This workshop brought together a selection of H2020 EU-funded projects involving experts from the biomass, geothermal, solar thermal, and heat pump sectors to discuss a common strategy for increasing the use of renewable energy technologies for heating and cooling for buildings and industry.

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Assessing the Level of Renewable Energy Development in the European Union Member States. A 10-Year Perspective

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14133765 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (13) ◽

pp. 3765

Author(s):

Jarosław Brodny ◽

Magdalena Tutak ◽

Peter Bindzár

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Economic Development ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Development ◽

The State ◽

The European Union ◽

Member States ◽

Current State ◽

Renewable Energy Development ◽

European Union Countries

The global economic development is, to a great extent, dependent on access to large amounts of cheap energy sources. The growing social awareness of ecology and the enormous damage to the Earth’s ecosystem due to the production of energy from conventional sources have forced fundamental changes in the energy sector. Renewable energy is considered to be an opportunity for such changes. The current state of the art allows such changes to be made without restricting economic development. Therefore, activities related to the energy transition are being taken all over the world. The European Union has definitely managed to achieve the most tangible effects in this regard. This article presents the findings of the research aimed at presenting the current state of renewable energy in the European Union and analyzing the changes reported in this sector in the last decade. The research was carried out using a selected set of 11 indicators characterizing renewable energy in individual countries. These indicators were selected on the basis of literature review and own studies of the state of renewable energy and its development prospects. Based on these indicators, changes in the energy structure of individual European Union countries between 2008–2018 were determined. The study is divided into two main stages. The principal components analysis (PCA) was used for the first analysis. In turn, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was adopted to assess the level of renewable energy development in the European Union countries. Both these methods and the extended statistical analysis were applied to determine the state of renewable energy development in the European Union countries in the studied period and to divide the Member States into classes with different levels of development. The results of the study showed that the EU countries are characterized by significant differences in the development of RES during the period in question. The unquestionable leaders in this respect are Sweden, Austria, Finland, and Latvia. Based on the findings, it is possible to evaluate the effects of activities related to renewable energy development and to prepare assumptions for future activities. Additionally, both the research and its findings broaden the knowledge of the directions of renewable energy development in individual European Union countries. This is particularly important in the context of changes related to the need to reduce harmful substance emissions and the implementation of the European Green Deal idea.

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Clean Energies for Ghana—An Empirical Study on the Level of Social Acceptance of Renewable Energy Development and Utilization

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13063114 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 3114

Author(s):

Ephraim Bonah Agyekum ◽

Ernest Baba Ali ◽

Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Social Acceptance ◽

Energy Development ◽

Willingness To Accept ◽

Public And Private ◽

Renewable Energy Development ◽

Development And Utilization ◽

The Government ◽

Strongly Agree ◽

Public And Private Sector

Despite the enormous renewable energy (RE) resources available in Ghana, the country has not seen much development and investments in the sector. Therefore, the government has committed to increasing the share of RE in the country’s electricity generation mix to some 10% by 2030. However, this cannot be achieved without the Ghanaian people’s support since the RE sector is capital intensive and requires both public and private sector participation. This study was conducted to evaluate RE’s social acceptance among Ghanaian people using the ordered logit regression model. A total of 999 valid questionnaires out of 1020 distributed questionnaires were considered for the study. The five-point Likert scale was employed to rank their willingness to accept (WTA) RE. From the results, it was observed that there is a general sense of acceptance of renewable energy among Ghanaians. However, the level of acceptance varies from one respondent to another. The study observed that a majority of the respondents (i.e., approximately 45.65%) agree to their WTA renewable energy, while 36.04% strongly agree. The results also indicate that while 6.21% and 0.3% disagree and strongly disagree, 11.81% of the respondents were indifferent regarding their willingness to accept renewable energy development and utilization in Ghana.

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