scholarly journals Determinants of Dropout and Child School Enrollment: A Case Study from Rural Islamabad

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
Uzma Naz ◽  
Zainab Ejaz ◽  
Naveed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
High Dropout Rate ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Major Factors

Education is an important pillar for the development of any society. Generally, school enrollment in developing countries is observed very low compared to the developed countries and the situation is further worsened by the high dropout rate. The current study investigates the major factors responsible for high dropouts in Islamabad, Pakistan, particularly in rural areas. For this purpose, the primary data have been obtained through a detailed questionnaire collecting information on child socioeconomic, household, cultural, and other characteristics. For modeling purposes, Probit model is used to investigate the effects of various factors on high child dropout rate. The results revealed that besides the distance from school to home, financial constraints are the most important reason for dropping out. Moreover, the education of father, age of the child and the gender of the child are also highly significant variables that determine the probability of a child dropout.

scholarly journals Contemporary forms and methods of counteracting narcotization of the youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (28) ◽  
pp. 377-385
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Trokhymovych Komziuk ◽  
Ruslan Semenovych Orlovskyi ◽  
Bohdan Mykhailovich Orlovskyi ◽  
Taisa Vasylivna Rodionova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Preventive Methods

The purpose of the paper is to examine the most efficient forms and methods of counteracting narcotization in society, especially of the youth, and also to characterize the most important factors of the proliferation of narcotization. The authors used the following methods in the research: dialectical, dogmatic, method of systematic analysis and comparative-legal method. The paper analyses forms and methods of counteracting narcotization of the youth in Ukraine and worldwide. It elaborates the definition of the following terms: “narcotization”, “counteracting narcotization”, “forms of counteracting narcotization” and “methods of counteracting narcotization”. It ascertains that emerging and proliferation of narcotization has a direct correlation with the complex of social factors, each one of them obtained a specific characteristic. Besides analyzing the major factors of emergence and proliferation of narcotization of the youth, the paper gives particular attention to defining forms, methods and means of counteracting this socially harmful phenomenon. The paper studies positive experience in regard to activities of law enforcement agencies of the developed countries in the sphere of counteracting narcotization, including narcotization of the youth. It emphasizes that coercive methods of reducing narcotization have much lower efficiency compared to preventive methods that are generally more humane and economically efficient. The paper formulates the conclusion about the necessity of ongoing engagement of the community in counteracting narcotization of society, especially of the youth.

Financial Liberalization, Crises, and Economic Growth

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Inkoo Lee ◽  
Jong-Hyup Shin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Financial Liberalization ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sample Group ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Nominal Interest Rates ◽  
The Developed Countries

The paper computes the effect of financial liberalization on economic growth by combining the results of a panel model with those of a probit model. It finds a positive net effect from financial liberalization to growth. Surprisingly, we find that the net effect on growth is larger in the crisis-experienced country group than in the overall sample group. Our guess is that the crisis-experienced countries are mostly developing countries that usually enjoy higher growth rates than the developed countries because of the catching-up phenomenon. The paper also studies the link between financial liberalization and nominal interest rates, and finds, contrary to expectations, that the direct liberalization effect is positive. Our guess is that this reflected the overshooting of interest rates after crises.

Rural Tourism and Rural Development under the Integrated Planning Background - Huangtuling Village Tourist Plans in Laiyuan, Baoding

2014 ◽  
Vol 1044-1045 ◽  
pp. 1533-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Chao Wang ◽  
Ning Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Urban And Rural Residents ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Village

The urban-rural integration is a new stage of urbanization,which is the process of the development of productive forces and promoting the production of urban and rural residents, is the process that has the characteristics of resources between urban and rural areas of mutual integration, mutual resources, mutual market, mutual service, and which will gradually reach rural coordination between the development process. Rural tourism is derived from the developed countries of advanced concepts, with the tourism planning and designing tools of Laiyuan Huangtuling, we put the native village of the existing land, ancient architecture, historical and cultural resources together. and using the designing tools to make travel, leisure, culture, food , and other node element for redesigning, excavating the existing resources within the village, both to highlight the local characteristics, and good protection of the natural environment, and embodies the essence of the role of urban-rural integration.

scholarly journals A Study on Customer Perception of Medical Tourism in Puducherry

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
C Shanthi Marie ◽  
Sampad Kumar Swain
Keyword(s):  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Customer Perception ◽  
Private Healthcare ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Union Territory

Medical tourism is the latest trend happening in many countries of the world where tourists in need of medical treatments from the developed countries approach the developing countries imparting treatments at par with the quality of their home countries.  Among the countries practicing medical tourism, India is occupying one of the top positions with respect to the quality treatments as most of the states have recognized its significance.  This study aims at studying the customer perception of medical tourism in the union territory of Puducherry.  The units of the study are the international medical tourists who sought medical treatments in the private healthcare hospitals of Puducherry. The methodology used for the study is descriptive, analytical and inferential. Factor Analysis, T-test and ANOVA are the tools utilized for analyzing the primary data. The study reveals that the facilities provided to foreign patients are customer oriented. The satisfaction level of patients regarding the staff interaction, facilities and amenities and treatment are high. But, there is some need of improvement in the case of formalities and tourism part.  The efficiency of the doctors, their personal touch, their communication skills, the facilities and amenities of the hospitals contributes to the cutting edge experience by the medical tourists. One important drawback is the lack of international accreditation which needs utmost ground work. The study finally suggests strategies for motivating the medical tourists undertaking healthcare treatments in Puducherry. 

Rural Development in Malaysia-Issues and Problems Conf ronting MADA, FELDA and RISDA1

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-86
Author(s):  
Alex Yui-Huen Kwan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Economic Relationships ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Third World

AbstractAsia is predominantly a rural society. And yet, a quarter century ago, when the Asian countries emerged as politically independent nations from centuries of colonial rule, they adopted a development model2 which was indifferent if not inimical to rural development. Support for this model, which essentially permitted continuation of existing international economic relationships, came from two external sources-the developed countries of the West and the developed centrally planned countries.3 Recent years have also witnessed a heightened concern in the Third World countries over the problem of economic development. In most developing countries, past development efforts appear to have failed to bring about a real development breakthrough. Yet the recent spate of world economic crises, associated with global inflation-cum-recession, oil price increases, food shortages, instabilities in the world commodity markets, have hit many developing countries very hard, especially those in South Asia which have actually experienced a reduction in average per capita living standards over the past few years. In Malaysia, some even suggested that although money income has gone up, there are disquieting signs that the quality of life is deteriorating and that many people are finding it more and more difficult to satisfy their basic needs.4 Then the crisis of the world's agriculture and its peasant masses had led to the proposal of a number of development strategies in the rural areas (i.e. Redistribution of land; Abolition of rents and tenant arrangements; Landholding reform; Intensification of peasant agriculture; Family farms; Cooperatives; and Collective farms, etc.), all of which have been tried with more or less success in different parts of the world. Within this paper, we will specially look at the rural development efforts of Malaysia, especially some of the issues and problems encountered by some of it's rural development programmes.

scholarly journals Urbanization: Concepts, Trends and Analysis in Three Latin American Cities

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Alfonso Piña
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Santiago De Chile ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
American Cities ◽  
Urban Consolidation

Abstract Explanatory models on the urban expansion process have focussed mainly on the dynamic of cities in the developed countries that are characterized by a strong institutional framework, a culture of urban planning, and compliance with the rules. This paper analyses the phenomenon of urban expansion in three Latin American cities (Buenos Aires, Santiago de Chile and Mexico City), taking into account cities with a strong process of urbanization and where the local administration does not have enough control over the growth of cities due to the high rate of migration determining sub-urbanization, peri-urbanization, exo-urbanization, and counter-urbanization processes similar to developed countries. However, these processes may be related to hidden or displaced urbanization in rural areas of municipalities and metropolitan areas or intermediate cities due to the dynamics of urban consolidation. In every Latin American country, the participation and combination of these phenomena are different, although the results are similar: the advance of urban expansion with more segmented, disperse and distant patterns of large urban centres. This analysis determine the characteristics of the urbanization process taking into account physical and geographic aspects, urbanization trends and socioeconomic features in cities selected of Latin America and determines their impact determining the importance to formulate adequate policies that integrates environmental and socioeconomic aspects to achieve sustainable development in urban contexts.

The school drop-out or rather “push out” problem in the South and in the North

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Birgit Brock-Utne ◽  
Torill Aagot Halvorsen ◽  
Mwajuma Vuzo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
The South ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
The North ◽  
School Drop Out ◽  
Out Of School

Both in developing countries in the South and developed countries in the North a large portion of pupils from each cohort drop out or, maybe more correctly described, are pushed out of school each year. In the South, there is also a considerable portion of school-aged children who do not attend school at all. The article examines selected data collected from ethnographic interviews, during a Norwegian ongoing longitudinal project, and a survey in Tanzania, and other developing countries. We ask the questions: What are the reasons for this situation? Are the reasons the same in the South as in the North? In this article examples will be given from a country in the North, Norway and a country in the South, Tanzania. What do we know about the reasons for dropping out of school in these two countries? Who are the children dropping out? From which social class do they come? Are they from urban or rural areas? Were there more boys or more girls? What happens to the children after they drop out of school? How much is the school itself to blame for the situation? How relevant is what is learnt in school to the life children lead and their job prospects? What could have been done differently in order to retain children in school in the South, exemplified by Tanzania, and the North exemplified by Norway?

Medical education: an audit of an Overseas postgraduate training programme in ENT

1994 ◽  
Vol 108 (12) ◽  
pp. 1072-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Baraka
Keyword(s):  
Postgraduate Training ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Postgraduate Training Programme ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Training Programmes

AbstractFor overseas doctors, looking for higher training posts, the chance of being employed in the developed countries is becoming bleaker. This article considers the need for an increase in the number of local postgraduate training programmes in the Arab world in keeping with other developing countries. The model used for this study was an internal audit, of the postgraduate programme in ENT offered by King Faisal University in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. A dropout rate of more than 30 per cent among those who joined the programme reflected either the tougher standard of the course, or an inappropriate selection process. A major reason was the frustrating inability of the trainees to cope with the basic sciences course. This point was also addressed in the audit with a view to rationalizing the course to meet specific objectives.

scholarly journals EKSTERNALISASI REMAJA PUTUS SEKOLAH REMAJA PUTUS SEKOLAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-220
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arwan Rosyadi ◽  
Syarifuddin Syarifuddin ◽  
Anisa Puspa Rani ◽  
Taufiq Ramdani
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Subjective Knowledge ◽  
Personal Initiative ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
High Dropout Rate ◽  
Subjective Meanings ◽  
Out Of School

The high dropout rate in West Nusa Tenggara is a worrying fact behind the incessanteducation programs such as Law No. 20 of 2013 which requires 20 percent of the statebudget for education. In 2017, as many as 80 school-aged children in Guntur Macanvillage, Gunung Sari sub-district, West Lombok Regency were not in school. Besides theexternal factors (family economy) which are considered as the dominant factors causingdropout students, there is a personal initiative factor that encourages adolescents to takeaction to drop out of school. This research aims to understand: (1) the internal motives ofindividuals who encourage teenagers to drop out of school, (2) subjective knowledge aboutdropouts in teenagers dropping out of school, and (3) the form of externalizing the meaningin daily life - specifically in education and economics. This study used a qualitative researchmethod with a phenomenological approach. Then, the subjects of the study are teenagerswho dropped out of school in Guntur Macan Village. The focus and unit of analysis in thisstudy are the motives, subjective meanings, and externalization of individual actors(informants). This study finds out various motives and subjective meanings of studentdropout school. After dropping out of school, externalization in the field of education, themajority took the form of "other externalization", and the minority attended courses at theVocational Training Center. While in the economic field, the majority of teenagers droppingout of school are construction workers (peladen), and the minority are mechanics. Based onthe identification of motives, subjective meaning, and externalization of teenagers whodropped out of school in Guntur Macan Village, three categories of dropping out of schoolactions were obtained; conventional, conditional, and constructional.

scholarly journals Dropping Out From Educational System – 2nd part

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
Yohai Kamissa
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Dropout Prevention ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Dropout Prevention Programs

This study aims to present with dropping out from any educational system is severe individualistic, family, educational as well as the societal problem. The complex process of a student dropping out from a high school at a very young age tends to have adverse impacts on the life of the individual in long run and is influenced by variety of factors. In the recent time, the rate of the drop-out of the students have increased, especially in the developed countries, which have become the source of concern for the high-school. The students spent the most of its time in the school and develop the sense of belonging associated with the school. The concept of sense of belonging refers to the feeling of being accepted and appreciated by the rest of community and group. This makes a person feel as a significant part of the group which provides internal satisfaction to a human. This the nature of every human being, especially youth to get a support and social ties from the society and the community they belong to. The main points in the article are: Family Formation; Civil Engagement; Intergenerational Mobility; The Social Consequences of Dropping Out; Economic consequences; Labor market; Crime; Dropout Prevention programs around the world; Dropout prevention programs in Israel; Role of Quality of Education on Dropout Rate; Impact of sense of belonging on Dropout Rate; School-related Factors and Risk of Dropping; Students’ Perception of Teacher and Dropping out Rate; Students’ Perception of Educational System and Dropping out Rate; Theoretical Framework; Impact of Dropping out on Student’s Life; Steps to reduce the dropout rate; and Conclusion. Chapter Summary.

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