scholarly journals Legislating Language Use in Alberta: A Century of Incidental Provisions for a Fundamental Matter

1969 ◽  
pp. 463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund A. Aunger
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fundamental Matter ◽  
The Many ◽  
Language Law

Language law deals with a matter of fundamental importance, and language rights haw been wide recognized as fundamental human rights. Yet very little is known about Alberta's legislative provisions for language use. This article examines those provisions that have had the greatest impact over the past century and places them in their historical context. It also presents a comprehensive overview of the many unheralded provisions and organizes them according to their thematic significance. During Alberta's early decades these language provisions commonly imposed English and repressed minority languages. In more recent years they have promoted a greater tolerance for French and other languages.

Rolling and Trembling of the Abdomen: Movement as a Subaltern Subject in Colonial Egypt

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Maria Faidi
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Belly Dance ◽  
British Colonialism ◽  
Feminist Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Egyptian Culture ◽  
Subaltern Subject

Accordingly to Shay and Sellers-Young (2005) “the term “belly dance” was adopted by natives and non-natives to denote all solo dance forms from Morocco to Uzbekistan that engage the hips, torso, arms and hands in undulations, shimmies, circles and spirals.” Dance historian Curt Sachs depicted the dance as “the swinging of the rectus abdominis” (Sachs 1963). This movement has been performed by many oriental dancers in the past century and has become part of the routine of oriental dancers worldwide. This movement has even named the dance “belly dance,” and become one of the most representative elements of contemporary Egyptian culture.This paper will be organized as follows: firstly, I am going to explain succinctly how I use the term “subaltern” in relation to dance and colonialism. Secondly, I am going to present the main scenarios, actors, and factors in which the rolling and trembling of the abdomen was danced, watched, desired and hated at the end of the nineteenth century, provoking strong love/hate reactions among the fin de siecle public. The discourse intermingles both dance and feminist analysis observing how movement constituted a metaphor of the unequal power relations between the metropolis and the colony within the particular historical context of British colonialism in Egypt.

DIVERSITY AND MEANING IN THE STUDY OF BLACK FATHERHOOD

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria S. Johnson ◽  
Alford A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Black Men ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Black Families ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Black Fathers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Expectations ◽  
The Many

AbstractFor the past several decades, numerous studies have focused on the so-called “crisis of Black fatherhood”—that is, the many ways in which Black fathers struggle to fulfill traditional paternal roles and duties. Given major shifts in both the structural conditions and cultural expectations of fatherhood in general over the past century, we argue that it is necessary to reestablish not only what Black fatherhood looks like today—in particular, the internal diversity and dynamism of this category—but also how Black men (as well as other members of Black families and communities) make sense of these changes and meaningfully negotiate their implications. We outline a two-pronged research agenda that: first, identifies gaps in the existing literature that limit our knowledge of the full range of Black fathering practices and experiences; and second, reclaims and repurposes “cultural analysis,” not to pathologize “what’s wrong with Black families and fathers,” but to shed much needed light on the ways in which Black fathers themselves process and make meaning of their roles and realities.

Conference 13–15 July 1981: The Economic and Social Development of Libya in the Late Nineteenth and the Twentieth Centuries

1981 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 83-83
Author(s):  
J. A. Allan
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Inaugural Lecture ◽  
Secondary Purpose ◽  
Development Experience ◽  
Agricultural Potential ◽  
Conference Programme ◽  
University Of Manchester

A three day conference jointly sponsored by the Society and the Middle East Centre of the School of Oriental and African Studies was held in London in July. The main purpose of the meeting was to review the development experience of the past century and to discuss the economic and social impact of the policies and investments of the numerous governments of Libya in the period. A secondary purpose was to bring together students of modern Libyan studies many of whom had not met each other before.Some 33 papers were prepared for the meeting including an inaugural lecture delivered by Professor Emrys Peters (University of Manchester) and a contribution by Dr Graeme Barker representing the Society, which placed current development experience in a broad historical context. The range of topics treated in the formal sessions was extremely wide and if there was one theme which emerged it was that there has been a tendency for Libyan administrations, new to their role in managing natural resources, to overestimate the country's agricultural potential. Over ninety people attended the meetings including twelve from Libya and most attended the dinner on the final evening kindly provided by the Libyan Bureau in London.Copies of the conference programme and abstracts are available from the secretary, and a limited number of the papers can be provided for members as long as stocks last. Arrangements are being made to publish most of the papers in English in London and it is hoped that papers for the third day of the conference, dealing with the period after independence, will also be published in France.

Endangered minority and regional languages (‘dialects’) in Italy

Modern Italy ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Coluzzi
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regional Languages ◽  
Italian Dialects ◽  
Local Languages

The Italian linguistic situation is characterised by a remarkable number of language varieties, although the development of Italian in the past 150 years has been the cause of a language shift from local languages to Italian. The degree of endangerment suffered by so-called ‘Italian dialects’ is shown using the Major Evaluative Factors of Language Vitality drawn up by a UNESCO ad hoc expert group in 2003, and the data offered by the 2006 ISTAT survey on language use. The debate in Italy on the vitality of ‘dialects’ and their future has done little to activate mechanisms and strategies to reverse the worrying language shift that both minority languages and ‘dialects’ are undergoing.

Archaeology and the Ainu

1959 ◽  
Vol 24 (4Part1) ◽  
pp. 426-427
Author(s):  
Howard A. MacCord
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Army ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western World ◽  
Past Century ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Many

At the present time little is known in the Western world about the archaeology of Hokkaido, Japan. Groot (1951) is of limited value for most of his explorations were in the Tokyo area. This dearth of evidence is extremely regrettable in view of the so-called "Ainu problem" about which so many speculations have been published during the past century. During 1953-54 while stationed in Hokkaido with the United States Army, I explored and visited a number of prehistoric sites and made several collections which are now in the U. S. National Museum. Of the many sites visited, three in the southwestern part of Hokkaido in the Sapporo area were chosen for partial excavation. Radiocarbon dates for these sites were determined by the U. S. Geological Survey Radiocarbon Laboratory through the courtesy of Meyer Rubin.

On the Laws and Theories of Sliding Friction

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nannaji Saka
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Patterned Surfaces ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Delamination Wear ◽  
The Many ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Lubricated Sliding

The many seminal contributions made by Professor Nam P. Suh to the theories of wear, such as the delamination wear and the solution wear, are well known. The contributions made by him and his associates to the theories of friction, however, are less known; but they are equally significant. In this article, I first briefly survey, to provide an historical context, the laws and theories of sliding friction as proposed over the past centuries and decades. Then the contributions of Prof. Suh and his associates in recent decades are reviewed. Specifically, the role of wear particles in the frictional phenomena of dry and boundary-lubricated sliding is examined. A novel concept of undulating, or patterned, surfaces has been advanced to minimize friction in both dry and boundary-lubricated sliding. The undulating surfaces trap wear debris and thus minimize plowing friction in dry sliding, above the transition temperature in boundary-lubricated sliding, and even in hydrodynamic bearings during start/stop operations. The concept is especially appropriate for heavily loaded tribological systems with tighter clearances in which the likelihood of seizure is imminent.

scholarly journals Corruption, complexity and tax evasion

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 36-53
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tax Complexity ◽  
Tax Systems ◽  
The Many ◽  
Tax Changes ◽  
Global Financial System

Tax evasion is facilitated by corruption, and corruption is facilitated by tax complexity. This article argues and presents evidence that tax systems have become far more complex than they need to be. The growth of public sector operations over the past century was accompanied by higher and more complex taxes, higher public spending, many new government programs, and an increasing involvement by governments in the functioning of the countries’ economies and in the activities of citizens. It has created a great deal of complexity in public sectors, and a fertile field for corruption, tax evasion or tax avoidance, and abuses in some government programs. The more governments relied on tax systems to pursue an increasing number of social and economic objectives, the more complex the tax systems became and the greater were the opportunities created for some taxpayers to get around the system. Complexity also encourages the growing army of lobbyists to push for small tax changes advantageous to their clients, causing tax systems to become increasingly more complex. In addition, it increases the costs of administering tax systems and of complying with the many tax obligations. To what extent tax systems have become fertile for corruption and tax evasion is likely to depend on cultural characteristics of countries among other factors. Globalization has opened new doors and new opportunities for individuals and corporations who operate, or can operate, globally to exploit the new tax-avoiding possibilities created by globalization and a global financial system. Nevertheless, complexity is not inevitable. It could, however, be reduced, as the experience of some countries has shown

scholarly journals Health, Law and Sexuality. Qui Cherche Trouve.

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Michael Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
National Gallery ◽  
Health Law ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Basic Tenet ◽  
The World ◽  
The Many

This is the keynote address for the Bold Thinking Series event at the National Gallery of Victoria (NGV) Great Hall on 4 May 2017. The language of the oral delivery of this address has been retained. Amidst a rich historical context, the author explores the legal and moral complexities that lie at the intersection of law, sexuality and health. Drawing on his long-standing participation in many international bodies concerned with human rights, he discusses the many great wrongs perpetrated against LGTBQI communities both internationally and domestically, and highlights the challenges that countries around the world face to remove discrimination in laws, policies and culture. He emphasises by way of case examples, the physical, emotional and political harm that this has caused and will continue to cause if legislative and cultural change is not forthcoming. He concludes that equality before the law is a basic tenet of human rights, and that to the extent that Australia and other countries are not achieving equality, we must rise to the challenge and drive genuine change.  

scholarly journals The Periphrastic Future with Shall and Will in Modern English

PMLA ◽  
1925 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 963-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles C. Fries
Keyword(s):  
General Rule ◽  
The Other ◽  
Past Century ◽  
First Person ◽  
The Past ◽  
Subordinate Clauses ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Reported Discourse ◽  
The Many ◽  
Considerable Body

One cannot read through the mass of discussions of the problem of shall and will published during the past century nor even those written since 1900 without being impressed by the wide diversity of the points of view and the definite conflict of the opinions and conclusions thus brought together. Even among those articles that can be grouped as expressing the conventional rules there is considerable variety and contradiction, not in the general rule for independent declarative statements (that a shall with the first person corresponds with a will with the second and third) but in the other rules concerning questions, reported discourse, and subordinate clauses. That there is a considerable body of literary usage which conflicts with the conventional rules is indicated by the many pages in these articles devoted to pointing out instances in which “the best of our authors” have violated the rules.

Social versus Political Rights

1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Michael MacMillan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lively Debate

AbstractIn the past century, the notion of human rights has expanded significantly to include a variety of social rights. The introduction of this new category of human rights inspired a lively debate concerning the authenticity of such claims, focussing particularly on the ways in which social rights differ from political rights. This article examines the major points at issue in the debate. The important differences emphasized to date are those relating to costs, universality, and the correlativity of rights and duties. In each of these major areas of dispute, analysis indicates that the allegedly fundamental distinctions between social and political rights are in fact differences of degree, not of kind and, in fact, social rights conform both to the broad logic and the established practice of human rights.

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