scholarly journals Photoisomerization and photoorientation of brilliant yellow in the thin film state

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
S. N. Lemiashonak ◽  
Zh. D. Chaplanova ◽  
V. E. Agabekov ◽  
N. A. Ivanova ◽  
I. N. Kukhta
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Dye Molecules ◽  
Brilliant Yellow ◽  
Reaction Equation ◽  
First Order ◽  
Ultra High Pressure ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Film State

The features of photoisomerization and photoorientation of azo dye brilliant yellow (BY) in the thin film state are studied. The trans-cis-isomerization of the dye molecules is established to proceed upon irradiation of the films based on BY with a full light of an ultra-high pressure lamp DRT-1000 (UV / VID light), this reaction is described by the first-order reaction equation. Under the action of linearly polarized blue light (λ = 457 nm), an optical anisotropy arises in films of BY. Optically anisotropic films of BY with a high dichroic ratio (>10) are shown to be formed using N-methylpyrrolidone and N, N-dimethylformamide as solvents and cellulose acetate as the polymer matrix.

scholarly journals Degradasi Larutan Pewarna Azo Tekstil Menggunakan Sistem Heterogenan O3, O3/UL, O3/TiO2/UL dan O3/H2O2/UL

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razak Ali ◽  
Wan Azelee Wan Abu Bakar ◽  
Azmi Aris ◽  
Pak Yan Mok
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
First Order ◽  
Photocatalytic System ◽  
Degradation Degree ◽  
Oxidation System

Rawatan larutan pewarna azo tekstil, Sumifix Supra Blue BRF 150% Gran (SSBBRF) melibatkan sistem yang berbeza, O3, O3/UL, 03/TiO2/UL dan O3/H2O2/UL telah dikaji. Keputusan yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahawa degradasi larutan SSBBRF melalui sistem pengoksidaan berasaskan ozon adalah lebih efektif berbanding dengan sistem pemangkinanfoto. Darjah degradasi keserapan dan warna yang tinggi serta degradasi COD dan TOC yang ketara, menunjukkan bahawa sistem pengoksidaan yang berasaskan ozon berupaya memecahkan pewarna azo dalam air tercemar kepada spesies yang lebih terbiorawat. Keputusan yang diperoleh juga menunjukkan bahawa sistem pengozonan (O3 sahaja dalam keadaan gelap), dan sistem gandingan pengozonanfoto–pemangkinanfoto (03/TiO2/UL) tidak menunjukkan perbezaan kadar degradasi pewarna azo yang ketara berbanding sistem pengozonanfoto (O3/UL) tetapi penambahan hidrogen peroksida (H2O2) ke dalam sistem 03/UL mampu meningkatkan lagi kadar degradasi pewarna azo. Perbandingan keupayaan sistem yang dikaji bagi degradasi pewarna SSBBRF adalah mengikut urutan: 03/H202/UL > O3/UL > O3/TiO2/UL > O3 > TiO2/UL. Proses pendegradasian pewarna SSBBRF mematuhi kinetik tindak balas tertib pertama pseudo dengan nilai pemalar kadar, k, dari julat 0.20 min–1 hingga 0.24 min–1 untuk 20 minit yang pertama. Kata kunci: Pewarna azo; pengozonanfoto; pemangkinanfoto; hidrogen peroksida Treatment of aqueous textile azo dye, Sumifix Supra Blue BRF 150% Gran (SSBBRF) by different kinds of systems, 03, O3/UV, 03/TiO2/UV and O3/H2O2/UV has been investigated. The results obtained showed that the degradation of SSBBRF solution involving ozone–assisted oxidation system is more superior compared to photocatalytic system. The high degradation degree of Absorbance and colour as well as the significant degradation of COD and TOC indicated that the ozone–assisited system is capable of disrupting the azo dye in the wastewater to more biotreatable species. The results obtained, also showed that ozonation (O3 alone in dark) system and simultaneous photoozonation–photocatalytic (03/TiO2/UV) system do not give significant effect to the degradation rate of azo dye in comparison with photoozonation (O3/UV) system, but addition of hydrogen peroxide (H202) in the O3/UV system may enhance the degradation rate of the azo dye. The degradation potential of these different systems studied towards SSBBRF are in the following the order: O3/H2O2/UV > O3/UV > 03/TiO2/UV > O3 > TiO2/UV. The degradation process of SSBBRF is following the kinetic of pseudo–first order reaction with the rate constants, k, ranging from 0.20 min–1 up to 0.24 min–1 for the first 20 minutes of the reactions. Key words: Azo dye; photoozonation; photocatalysis; hydrogen peroxide

Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Reactive Deep Blue K-R by BiOI and BiOCl0.2Br0.1I0.7

2012 ◽  
Vol 217-219 ◽  
pp. 1186-1190
Author(s):  
Kai Jin Huang ◽  
Yu Yao Nie ◽  
Yun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Reaction Kinetic ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
First Order ◽  
Deep Blue ◽  
Visible Light Degradation ◽  
Visible Light Photocatalytic

The visible-light photocatalytic degradation of an azo dye Reactive Deep Blue K-R by BiOI and BiOCl0.2Br0.1I0.7photocatalysts was investigated. When the reaction proceeded for 1 h under the conditions of 15mg/l Reactive Deep Blue K-R solution and PH=3, the visible-light degradation degrees of Reactive Deep Blue K-R were 93% and 52% for BiOCl0.2Br0.1I0.7and BiOI, respectively.Moreover, the photodegradation of Reactive Deep Blue K-R by BiOI and BiOCl0.2Br0.1I0.7followed a first-order reaction kinetic and the values of k for BiOI and BiOCl0.2Br0.1I0.7are 0.911h-1 and 1.981h-1, respectively. BiOCl0.2Br0.1I0.7exhibits better visible-light-responsive photocatalytic performance for photodegradation of Reactive Deep Blue K-R than BiOI due to the smaller particle size, the larger specific surface area and the stronger redox potential of BiOCl0.2Br0.1I0.7.

Synthesis and Properties of an Unsymmetrical Diarylethene Bearing a Chlorine Atom

2011 ◽  
Vol 474-476 ◽  
pp. 1557-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Qin Wang ◽  
Shou Zhi Pu ◽  
Liu Shui Yan ◽  
Wei Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Order Reaction ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Pmma Film ◽  
Recording Medium ◽  
Amorphous Films ◽  
First Order ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Cyclization Process ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Photochromic Reaction

A new unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene 1-(2-methyl-benzothiophenyl)- 2-(2-methyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl))perfluoroncyclopentene (1a), was synthesized and its optoelectronic properties, such as photochromism in solution as well as in poly-methylmethacrylate (PMMA) amorphous films and fluorescences were investigated. The photochromic reaction kinetics indicated that the cyclization process of 1a belongs to the zeroth order reaction and the cycloreversion process belongs to the first order reaction. Using diarylethene 1/PMMA film as recording medium and a linearly polarized 633 nm laser diode for recording and readout, polarization multiplexed image recording can be carried out in this film, which illustrated that the diarylethene can be potentially used as holographic optical recording medium.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 Thin Film from Aqueous Sulfate Bath

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Saba ◽  
E. Elsayed ◽  
M. Moharam ◽  
M. M. Rashad
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
First Order ◽  
Nickel Zinc ◽  
Sulfate Bath ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Sem Micrograph

Nanocrystalline nickel-zinc ferrites Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 thin films have been synthesized via the electrodeposition-anodization from the aqueous sulfate bath. The electrodeposited (Ni-Zn)Fe2 alloy was anodized in aqueous 1 M KOH solution to form the corresponding hydroxides which annealed at different temperatures ranging from 800 to 1000∘C for various periods from 1 to 4 h, to get the required ferrite. SEM micrograph of the formed ferrite particles, annealed at 1000∘C for 4 h appeared as the octahedral-like structure. A good saturation magnetization of 28.2 emu/g was achieved for Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 thin film produced after the aforementioned conditions. The kinetic studies of the crystallization of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 films appeared to be first-order reaction and the activation energy was found to be 10.5 k Joule/mole.

Degradation of azo dye RP2B by Pseudomonas luteola

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Hu
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dye ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Growth Substrate ◽  
First Order ◽  
Orthanilic Acid ◽  
Low Glucose ◽  
Pseudomonas Luteola ◽  
Degradation Ability ◽  
Degradation Of Azo Dye

Pseudomonas luteola grew well in media containing low glucose concentration (0.125%) and no nitrogen source. It had 95% color removability within 5 days through shaking-static incubation process. It was found that the azoreductase of P. luteola was an inducible enzyme; it reacted with RP2B in a first order reaction. The azo dye acted as an inducer without serving as a growth substrate. The metabolic product of the degradation of RP2B by P. luteola was orthanilic acid. P. luteola's high RP2B degradation ability, low nutritient requirement and shaking-static decolorization process enable it to be used in the treatment of industrial effluent containing azo dyes.

Leaching Kinetics of Atrazine and Inorganic Chemicals in Tilled and Orchard Soils

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lech W. Szajdak ◽  
Jerzy Lipiec ◽  
Anna Siczek ◽  
Artur Nosalewicz ◽  
Urszula Majewska
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
First Order Reaction ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Time Data ◽  
First Order ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Reaction Constants

Abstract The aim of this study was to verify first-order kinetic reaction rate model performance in predicting of leaching of atrazine and inorganic compounds (K+1, Fe+3, Mg+2, Mn+2, NH4 +, NO3 - and PO4 -3) from tilled and orchard silty loam soils. This model provided an excellent fit to the experimental concentration changes of the compounds vs. time data during leaching. Calculated values of the first-order reaction rate constants for the changes of all chemicals were from 3.8 to 19.0 times higher in orchard than in tilled soil. Higher first-order reaction constants for orchard than tilled soil correspond with both higher total porosity and contribution of biological pores in the former. The first order reaction constants for the leaching of chemical compounds enables prediction of the actual compound concentration and the interactions between compound and soil as affected by management system. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of simultaneous chemical and physical analyses as a tool for the understanding of leaching in variously managed soils.

Photocatalytic Discolouration of Solutions of Reactive Dyes in the Presence of H2O2

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deng Nansheng ◽  
Tian Shizhong ◽  
Xia Mei
Keyword(s):  
Photochemical Reaction ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Solar Light ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Oh Radical ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dye Molecules ◽  
First Order ◽  
Dye Solutions

Abstract Tests for the photocatalytic degradation of solutions of three reactive dyes, Red M-5B, Procion Blue MX-R and Procion Black H-N, in the presence of H2O2 were carried out. When the solutions of the three reactive dyes were irradiated by UV or solar light, the colour of the solutions disappeared gradually. A statistical analysis of the test results indicated a linear relation between the concentration of dyes and the time of irradiation. The discolouration reaction of the solutions was of the first order. Rate equations for the discolouration reactions of dye solutions were developed. The dark reactions or the dye solutions containing H2O2 were very slow, illustrating that the photochemical reaction played a very important role. It was demonstrated that UV light and solar light (300 to 380 nm) photolyzes the HO and that the resulting OH radical reacts with the dye molecules and destroys the chromophore.

The Kinetics of Glucose Decomposition with Sulfate Reduction in the Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Matsui ◽  
R. Ikemoto Yamamoto ◽  
Y. Tsuchiya ◽  
B. Inanc
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
First Order Reaction ◽  
First Order ◽  
Glucose Decomposition ◽  
Reaction Equations ◽  
Kinetics Of

Using a fluidized bed reactor, experiments on glucose decomposition with and without sulfate reduction were conducted. Glucose in the reactor was mainly decomposed into lactate and ethanol. Lactate was mainly decomposed into propionate and acetate, while ethanol was decomposed into propionate, acetate, and hydrogen. Sulfate reduction was not involved in the decomposition of glucose, lactate, and ethanol, but was related to propionate and acetate decomposition. The stepwise reactions were modeled using either a Monod expression or first order reaction kinetics in respect to the reactions. The coefficients of the kinetic equations were determined experimentally. The modified Monod and first order reaction equations were effective at predicting concentrations of glucose, lactate, ethanol, propionate, acetate, and sulfate along the beight of the reactor. With sulfate reduction, propionate was decomposed into acetate, while without sulfate reduction, accumulation of propionate was observed in the reactor. Sulfate reduction accelerated propionate conversion into acetate by decreasing the hydrogen concentration.

Complete monotonicity of entropy production in chemical reaction

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 452-456
Author(s):  
Milan Šolc
Keyword(s):  
Entropy Production ◽  
Equilibrium Constant ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Relative Entropy ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Complete Monotonicity ◽  
First Order Reaction ◽  
First Order ◽  
Completely Monotonic ◽  
Derivatives Of

The successive time derivatives of relative entropy and entropy production for a system with a reversible first-order reaction alternate in sign. It is proved that the relative entropy for reactions with an equilibrium constant smaller than or equal to one is completely monotonic in the whole definition interval, and for reactions with an equilibrium constant larger than one this function is completely monotonic at the beginning of the reaction and near to equilibrium.

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