scholarly journals Dynamics of Intercepted Solar Radiation to Simulate Dry Matter of Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill)

Agromet ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Pono Ngatui ◽  
. Handoko ◽  
Bregas Budianto ◽  
Marliana Tri Widyastuti
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
P Value ◽  
Modeling Experiment ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Generative Phase ◽  
Intercepted Solar Radiation ◽  
Intercepted Radiation

<p>Solar radiation greatly affects the development of plant biomass. The process of plant development is complex. Here, we simplified this complexity through modeling experiment by integrating climate variables. This study aims to determine the dynamics of canopy intercepted solar radiation under soybean (<em>Glycine Max (L.) Merrill</em>). We employed the shierary-rice model to calculate plant biomass. The results showed that intercepted radiation continuosly increased during vegetative phase, whereas the radiation remains constant during generative phase. Our observation confirmed that the pattern of intercepted radiation followed the angular pattern of sunlight. The intercepted radiation was optimum at 10:00 to 14:00 pm, and it was used to form the plant dry matter. We found that the intercepted radiation contributed until 12%. Based on this contribution, we built our crop model of soybean biomass. Our model performed well in simulating dry biomass with high R<sup>2</sup> (0.9), and as indicated by the plot 1:1 between dry matter of model and field observations. Further, the result of t test between model and observed data confirm this strong corelation (<em>p-value</em> 0.07).</p>

scholarly journals Model Simulation of Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill) Growth by Energy Balance Approach

Agromet ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Fajar Syofwan ◽  
Handoko Handoko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Intercepted Solar Radiation ◽  
Intercepted Radiation ◽  
Energy Balance Approach ◽  
Good Agreement

<p>Intercepted solar radiation by leaf will influence energy balance in plant. The energy balance in leaf is a complex process, which results in biomass growth. Here, we modeled leaf energy balance to estimate dry matter growth in soybean. In the field, we measured intercepted radiation in canopy (1 meter above surface) with two treatments: soybean with 50% shading (N50%M0) and no-shading (N0%M0) twice a week. Then we sampled a biomass with destructive technique every week in each treatment. Our results showed that the intercepted radiation in no-shading treatment was higher (400 J/m<sup>2</sup>) than those in shading one (250 J/m<sup>2</sup>). The results were consistence with the high biomass growth at 12 weeks after planting, which observed in no-shading treatment. Then we validated our model by 1:1 plot test. Our finding revealed that no-shading treatment showed a good agreement with the observed biomass (closed to 1:1 plot), whereas the shading treatment tended to predict under estimate of biomass.</p>

scholarly journals The Physiological Basis for Yield Differences between Four Genotypes of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) in Response to Drought. II. Solar Radiation Interception and Leaf Movement

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Matthews ◽  
D. Harris ◽  
J. H. Williams ◽  
R. C. Nageswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Central India ◽  
Leaf Movement ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Radiation Interception ◽  
Intercepted Solar Radiation ◽  
Intercepted Radiation ◽  
Radiation Avoidance

SUMMARYFour genotypes of groundnut grown with limited irrigation during the post-rainy season in Central India produced similar amounts of dry matter per unit of intercepted solar radiation (e) before pod-filling, although different e values were observed during pod-filling. The relation between cumulative transpiration and intercepted radiation was similar for all genotypes. When drought became severe, fractional radiation interception (f) was reduced by folding of leaves, with little decrease in leaf area (L). The ratio f/√L was used as an index of the degree of leaf folding and was correlated with leaf water potential. The degree of folding varied with genotype and may have contributed to the observed differences in e and the dry matter:water ratio (q). The genotype EC76446(292) had the smallest q and largest f/√L ratio (the poorest radiation avoidance), while Kadiri 3 had the largest q and smallest value of f/√L.

Machine learning algorithms to predict the dry matter loss of stored soybean grains ( Glycine max L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Soares Zeymer ◽  
Felipe Guzzo ◽  
Marcos Eduardo Viana Araujo ◽  
Richard Stephen Gates ◽  
Paulo Cesar Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Dry Matter Loss ◽  
Glycine Max L

scholarly journals PHOSPHORUS NUTRITION OF SOYBEANS AS AFFECTED BY PLACEMENT OF FERTILIZER PHOSPHORUS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. BULLEN ◽  
R. J. SOPER ◽  
L. D. BAILEY
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Chamber Experiment ◽  
Glycine Max L

Growth chamber and field experiments were conducted on Southern Manitoba soils, low in available soil phosphorus, to investigate the effects of various placement methods and levels of phosphorus fertilizer on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill ’Maple Presto’). It was found that soybean responded well to applied phosphorus on low-P soil in growth chamber studies. In the first growth chamber experiment, P was applied in solution to 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5% and 1% of the total soil volume. Dry matter yields, total phosphorus uptake and utilization of fertilizer P increased at each level of applied P as the size of the phosphated band was decreased. The results were partly attributed to greater chemical availability of P in the smaller zones of P fertilizer reaction. In a second growth chamber experiment, soybeans responded differently to phosphorus banded in six different locations. Placement of the fertilizer 2.5 cm directly below the seed was more effective in increasing dry matter yield, total phosphorus uptake and fertilizer P utilization than placement 2.5 cm and 5 cm away at the same depth or placement 5 cm below the seed, whether the band was directly below, 2.5 cm away or 5 cm away. Soybean yield responses in the field were greatest with P banded 2.5 cm directly below the seed on low-P soils. Placement of P 2.5 cm below the seed resulted in grain yields that were 64% and 50% higher (at the two sites) than those obtained in control plots. Sidebanding P, 2.5 cm below and 2.5 cm away from the seed at the same level of application, improved grain yields of control plots by 40% and 39%. Seed placement and broadcast applications of P were not as effective in increasing grain yields. Broadcasting P in fall or in spring at rates of up to 52.38 kg P/ha did not result in significantly higher grain yields than those obtained in control plots. Placement of P in contact with the seed appeared to reduce seedling emergence, resulting in depressed yields when 52.38 kg P/ha were applied. Key words: Glycine max L. Merrill, ’Maple Presto’

Effect of water stress on potato growth, yield and water use in a hot and a cool tropical climate

1990 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Trebejo ◽  
D. J. Midmore
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Conversion Coefficient ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Hot Season ◽  
Intercepted Solar Radiation ◽  
Potato Growth

SUMMARYIrrigation experiments are described in which three cultivars were subjected to varying degrees of drought in the cool and hot seasons in Lima, Peru. The most severely draughted plots received, on average, 20% and 35% less water than the well-watered control plots, resulting in 20% and 52% yield reduction in the cool and hot seasons, respectively. Average fresh tuber yields ranged, according to cultivar, from 1370 to 2450 g/m2 in the summer and from 2800 to 4450 g/m2 in the winter, with tuber dry-matter percentages of c. 17% and 20%, respectively. The production of total dry matter per unit intercepted solar radiation (the conversion coefficient, estimated from the slope of the regression, in g/MJ) was markedly less during the hot season but, regressed on a photo thermal quotient ∑((MJ/m2)/(°C > 4·5°C)), a common relationship across seasons was achieved. The conversion coefficient was less in draughted than in well-watered plots, more so in the hot season.Crop transpirational and evapotranspirational water use efficiencies (WUE) were less in the hot season largely because of the greater saturation vapour-pressure deficit. However, because of greater harvest index (HI) and more-efficient interception of solar radiation per unit of applied water by draughted than by well-watered plots in the summer, and despite a lower conversion coefficient, draughted plots showed greater WUE. Based on total water applied and final fresh tuber yields, WUE was, on average, 3·9 and 12·4 kg/m3 in the hot and cool seasons, respectively, values close to the extremes of the range of published values. Low HI in the summer was, to some extent, responsible for this seasonal difference.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Biomass Yield and Nutritional Composition of Soybean (Glycine Max (L.)Merrill) Varieties Grown in Low Land Areas of Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abito Asres ◽  
Solomon Tiruneh
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
Strong Evaluation ◽  
Glycine Max L

The experiment was conducted in three locations Jari, Chefa and Sirinka of Eastern Amhara to select the best performing varieties, in terms of biomass yield, chemical composition, haulm yield, seed yield and other agronomic characteristics of Glycine max (L.) Merrill grown under the rain- fed condition of lowland areas of Eastern Amhara in a randomized complete block design with tree replications. Twelve released soybean varieties were Afgat ,Belesa-95, Boshe , Cheri , Dhidhessa, Gishama , Gizo, Korme, Pawe-03, katta, Wegayen and Wollo were used as a treatments. The seeds were planted in 40 cm between rows and 10 cm between plants on a plot size of 3.2m*4m. Spacing between blocks and plots were 1 and 0.5m, respectively. The seed rate was 60 kg/ha and a fertilizer rate 100 kg/ha NPS was applied during seed planting. The combined analysis of variance over two years at location Jari for dry matter yield of varieties Afgat, Gizo, Pawe-03, Wogayen and Wollo were significantly higher as compared to other soybean varieties. The combined analysis across locations at Jari and Sirinka (2019-second year) showed that varieties Afgat, Gishama, Gizo, Pawe-03, Wogayen and Wollo had higher dry matter yield and varieties Gishama (3.97 t/ha), Gizo (3.60 t/ha), Pawe-03 (4.04 t/ha) and Wogayen (3.36 t/ha) had higher haulm yield as compared with other varieties. The combined analysis across locations at Jari and Sirinka (2019) showed that varieties Pawe-03(2951 kg/ha), Gizo (2862 kg/ha), Afgat (2859 kg/ha), Gishama (2654 kg/ha),Wollo (2461 kg/ha) and Wogayen (2404 kg/ha) had higher seed yield as compared with other varieties. The variety Wollo gave higher crud protein content in two locations (Jari and Sirinka) .Therefore, varieties Afgat, Pawe-03 and Wollo were recommends for the given areas of Jari , Chefa, Sirinka and could be produced in similar environments for the best of produced optimal amount of dry matter, haulm and seed yield and good protein supplement for production of ruminants.Thus, further researches will be needed to investigate on the utilization of livestock.

CULTIVO DA SOJA EM SISTEMAS DE SEMEADURA EM LINHAS CRUZADAS E CONVENCIONAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
André Ricardo Rodrigues ◽  
Magno Luiz de Abreu ◽  
Everton Dos Santos de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glycine Max L

A importância da soja para o agronegócio brasileiro é bastante expressiva, por este motivo existe um número significativo de pesquisas associadas às melhorias de produtividade desta cultura, neste sentido o presente trabalho buscou avaliar o desenvolvimento da soja quanto as suas características de produtividade em sistema de semeadura cruzada. O experimento foi implantado no campo experimental do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso, Campus Campo Novo do Parecis em Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico típico muito argiloso (68% de argila), com a cultivar TMG 132. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2X5, totalizando 10 tratamentos com 3 repetições cada, sendo que o primeiro fator corresponde aos dois sistemas de cultivo (semeadura cruzada e convencional) e, o segundo fator as 5 densidades populacionais (222000 plantas ha-1; 288000 plantas ha-1; 333000 plantas ha-1; 399000 plantas ha-1; 444444 plantas ha-1). Cada parcela foi constituída de 9 linhas de 4 metros, espaçadas em 0,45 metros. Para a área útil da parcela foi utilizado 5 linhas centrais por 2 metros de comprimento. Na área útil das parcelas foram avaliados produtividade, massa seca e os componentes de produção, a adubação foi depositada na linha de semeadura. Não se constatou diferença significativa na produtividade, número de grãos por vagem e na massa de mil grãos tanto nos diferentes sistemas quanto nas populações, como o sistema de semeadura cruzada necessita de maior quantidade de passadas de semeadora na área se constatou uma prática não viável.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Densidade populacional, arranjo espacial, sistemas de plantio, Glycine max L. SOYBEAN CULTIVATION IN CROSS-SECTIONAL AND CONVENTIONAL SYSTEMSABSTRACT: The importance of soy for Brazilian agribusiness is very expressive, for this reason there is a significant number of research associated with productivity improvements in this culture, in this sense, the present study sought to evaluate the development of soy as the productivity characteristics in seeding system crossed. The experiment was deployed in the experimental field of the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso, Campus Campo Novo do Parecis in Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico típico very argillaceous (68% of argil), It was used the cultivar TMG 132. Experimental design was a randomized block in factorial 2X5, totalling 10 treatments with 3 repetitions each, where the first factor corresponds to the two cropping systems (conventional and cross-seeding) and the second factor with 5 population density (222000 plants ha-1; 288000 plants ha-1; 333000 plants ha-1; 399000plants ha-1; 444444 plants ha-1). Productivity cross-seeding system. Each plot consisted of  9 lines of 4 meters, spaced at 0,45 meters, at the useful area of the central portion 5 by 2 meters long lines was used. In the usable area of the plots were evaluated productivity, dry matter and production components, fertilization was deposited in plant line. It did not find significant difference in productivity, number of grains per pods, and in thousand grains weight both in different systems and in populations, such as the system of cross-seeding needs greater quantity of operations in the planting it was not stated a viable practice.KEYWORDS: Population density, spatial arrangement, planting systems, Glycine max L.

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